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Green Campus Presentation April 28, 2009
1. Lorain County Community College
Strategic Energy Plan
Elyria, Ohio 28th April 2009
Garforth International llc
Energy Productivity Solutions
2. Strategic Energy Plan
Team and Targets
Reduce energy costs
Increase energy efficiency
Reduce greenhouse gas
Garforth International llc
Energy Productivity Solutions
Global Perspective – Local Expertise
Copyright: Garforth International llc
3. Energy and Climate
In the headlines around the world
Copyright: Garforth International llc
4. New Global Energy Realities
Growing Impact on USA
Volatile global energy prices
Dependence on imports
Climate change legislation
Underinvested energy infrastructure
China and India major new energy customers
Trigger events – blackouts, hurricanes,
tornados ….
Driving Local Ohio Policies
Copyright: Garforth International llc
5. Global Cost of Energy
What we pay for
Gas, Electricity,
Fuels....
$ 6.7 Trillion
Energy we
Energy we
waste
use
USA ~ $1.5Trillion
12% of GDP
Copyright: Garforth International llc
6. Energy Productivity Differences
How well do we spend our $1.5 Trillion?
Energy Energy
Region Population GDP Energy
/Capita /GDP
USA 4.6% 25.9% 20.5% 100 100
EU 7.5% 31.1% 15.9% 47 60
Japan 1.9% 8.1% 4.6% 54 67
China 20.0% 6.1% 15.0% 17 312
India 17.1% 2.0% 4.7% 6 291
World 100% 100% 100% 22 81
Key to Competitiveness and Security
*Various US/EU Sources – 2007 sources
Copyright: Garforth International llc
7. Greenhouse gas levels
160,000 yrs* of ice core data
2050 Business as Usual
Stabilization level? 2050
Today
* John Houghton – UK Met Office et al
Copyright: Garforth International llc
9. Climate Change
Range of Potential Impacts
Copyright: Garforth International llc *Stern Review
10. Perfect Energy Storm
When fears collide…
Availability
Uncertain Prices
Climate Change
Growing awareness – Growing Opportunity
Copyright: Garforth International llc
11. Creating a New Energy Reality
…invest in energy and education…
“To finally spark the creation of a clean energy economy, we will double
the production of alternative energy in the next three years. We will
modernize more than 75% of federal buildings and improve the energy
efficiency of two million American homes, saving consumers and
taxpayers billions on our energy bills. In the process, we will put
Americans to work in new jobs that pay well and can’t be outsourced –
jobs building solar panels and wind turbines; constructing fuel-efficient
cars and buildings; and developing the new energy technologies that will
lead to even more jobs, more savings, and a cleaner, safer planet in the
bargain.
…..That means updating the way we get our electricity by starting to build
a new smart grid that will save us money, protect our power sources from
blackout or attack, and deliver clean, alternative forms of energy to every
corner of our nation.”
President Obama – January 8th, 2009
Copyright: Garforth International llc
12. Total US Energy Use
Coal
Homes
Buildings
Gas
38.7%
Commercial
Domestic Oil
Industry
Uranium Industry
33.25%
Renewable
Transport
Transportation
27.79%
Import Oil
Buildings largest energy consumer
Copyright: Garforth International llc Source: US DoE EIA
13. Effectiveness by Sector
How well do we use our energy?
Sector Energy Energy Use Index
Share USA/EU
Industry 33% 1.2
Buildings* 39% USA 2.5
CALIF 1.8
Transportation* 28% 1.4
Most energy lost in range of inefficiencies
Only 5% to 15% used productively
Major potential for efficiency gains!
*Indicative ratio of US average to global best practice
Copyright: Garforth International llc
14. Dysfunctional Energy Supply Chain
From fuel to service
Uses 70% of all energy
25%
5%
High greenhouse gas
High-cost low returns
High risk
Pay for 100 get less than 10
Copyright: Garforth International llc
15. LCCC Campus overview
Buildings from 1966 to 2008
Networked heating and cooling
for most buildings
New Library islanded building
No centralized automated
building management system
Limited scheduling and
occupancy management
No sub-metering for gas or
electricity
Significant plug loads likely
Copyright: Garforth International llc
16. Lorain County Community College
2007 vs 2004 Energy Overview
2007
2004 2004 2007
Utility
$K kWhe $K kWhe
Gas $ 507 $ 609
20,609,535 19,330,432
Electricity $ 947 $ 1,108
12,635,513 13,821,165
$ 1,454 33,245,048 $ 1,717 33,151,597
Total
Energy use 2% lower
Energy costs 18% higher
Carbon Footprint 19,600 Metric Tons
Carbon footprint from Commuting?
State Law call for 20% reduction by 2014
Copyright: Garforth International llc
17. LCCC Energy Use 2007
Benchmark - Austrian and Ohio Colleges
LCCC Total Energy Index
375 kWhe/m2/year
79% higher than Austria average
Lorain County CC
Electricity
Heat
Terra Community College
285 kWhe/m2/year
24% less than LCCC
Average
Lakeland Community College
377 kWhe/m2/year
1% higher than LCCC
Owens Community College
438 kWhe/m2/year
17% higher than LCCC
Energy Efficiency Potential
Copyright: Garforth International llc
18. Evaluating energy needs
Eight Buildings Modeled in Detail
Copyright: Garforth International llc
19. Establish Baseline
Example – University Center
Seasonal
Patterns
End Uses
Needs
Energy
Spot anomalies
e.g. high plug loads Indexes
Develop Energy End-Use Profiles
Copyright: Garforth International llc
20. Typical Efficiency Measures
Examples from multiple buildings
Upgrade roof insulation to at least R25
Eliminate thermal shorts in roof
structure and window sills
Selectively replace windows
Install occupancy sensors
Implement daylighting control in
atrium, corridors, classrooms, labs…
Realign and repair doors to reduce
infiltration
Selectively add vestibules to high
usage doors
Reduce plug load with staff/student
awareness program
Manage heating, cooling and lighting
according to scheduled needs
Behavioral and Investment Based
Copyright: Garforth International llc
21. Building Efficiency
Many Opportunities Identified
Building operation
Heat and cool areas only when needed
Pre-condition areas according to weather
Night and low-occupancy set back of thermostats
Only light occupied areas
Utilize daylighting wherever feasible
Manage exterior lighting for real usage patterns
Reducing miscellaneous electrical loads
Building Structure
Roof insulation
Reduction of thermal bridges
Selective window replacements
Reduce unwanted air infiltration
Improved control and metering is a Must
Copyright: Garforth International llc
22. Base-to-Efficient Case Comparison
Seasonal Demand by end use
E n e rg y E ffic ie n t C a s e : C a m p u s C o n s u m p tio n S im u la te d
B a s e L in e C a s e : C a m p u s C o n s u m p tio n S im u la te d
5000000
5000000
4500000
4500000
Ho t W a te r
Hot W ater 4000000
4000000
S p a ce He a t Na t G a s
S pace Heat Nat G as
3500000
3500000
A re a L ig hts
A rea Lights
k W h r e q u iv a le n t
k W h r e q u iv a le n t
Ta sk L ig hts
3000000
Task Lights
3000000
M isc. E q uip .
M isc. E quip.
2500000
2500000
P um p s & A ux.
P um ps & A ux.
2000000
2000000 V e nt. F a ns
V ent. F ans
S p a ce He a t E le ctric
S pace Heat E le ctric 1500000
1500000
He a t Re je ct.
Heat Reje ct.
1000000
1000000 S p a ce C o o l
S pace C ool
500000
500000
0
0
Ja n Feb Mar A pr May Jun Jul A ug S ep O ct No v D ec
Jan F eb M ar A pr M ay Jun Jul A ug S ep O ct Nov D ec
M o n th s
M o n th s
Base Case Efficient Case
Energy efficiency increased by 37%
Copyright: Garforth International llc
23. Energy Supply and Distribution
Multiple Choices Evaluated
Energy Distribution
Steam only
Islanded buildings
Upgrade heating network
Steam to hot water
Extend to new buildings and
LC and SP
Upgraded cooling
On-Campus Generation
Combined heat and power
Engines
Turbine
Existing gas boilers
Biomass heating
Solar Photovoltaic
Wind energy
Copyright: Garforth International llc
24. Changing the Culture
Green Campus Team
Students
Staff Faculty
Community
Committed to Energy Excellence
Copyright: Garforth International llc
25. Green Campus Team
Many opportunities…
Educate and inform…again and again!
Reduce electricity use - personal space
heaters, fans, refrigerators, vending
machines, Office equipment
Turn off lights when leaving rooms
Use daylight whenever possible
Schedule classes with energy use in mind
Turn off equipment in computers labs when
not in use
New investment ideas…
New syllabus ideas….
Reduce energy use by another 5% to 20%!
Copyright: Garforth International llc
26. Strategic Energy Plan
Final Recommendations
Investments
Building efficiency upgrades
Controls and meters
Hot water network
Combined heat and power generation
Consider biomass heating option
Active energy management
Scheduling and occupancy
Weather predictive management
Track and report greenhouse gas performance
Recognize educational opportunity
Design installations with teaching in mind
Update curriculum with energy and climate subjects
Engaged Energy Team!
Copyright: Garforth International llc
27. Campus Strategic Energy Plan
Results far exceed State Law
Efficiency and Financial Indications
Energy efficiency gain ~ 37%
Greenhouse gas reductions ~ 39%
Internal Rate of Return (IRR) ~ 8% to 15%
Foundations of new academic programs
Base for wider community engagement
Culture of Continuous Improvement
Copyright: Garforth International llc
28. Thank you!
“Only Use what you Need, When you Need it,
In the Amount Needed!” *
*Courtesy of Toyota Manufacturing