Review presentation (the basics) for Classical Greece.

1. Geography
Greek/Balkan peninsula
Rocky soil, limited the
amount of arable land
Greeks established colonies
throughout the Aegean Sea
and along portions of the
Mediterranean and Black http://www.utexas.edu/courses/classicalarch/images3/DarkAgeGreece.gif
Seas

2. Geography’s Impact
Limited arable land
led to
colonization
spread of Greek/
Hellenic culture http://www.utexas.edu/courses/greeksahoy!/greek_colonies_550.jpg
shift from a barter
economy to a
money-based one

3. Geography’s Impact
Mountainous terrain and
jagged coastline led to
the development of
city-states
competition between
city-states
tremendous civic
pride

4. Greek Mythology
Greeks were
polytheistic
The Greeks emulated
their gods
Myths were used to
explain natural events
and stories told of
the relationships Charles Mills Gayley, The Classic Myths in English Literature and in Art
(Boston: Ginn and Company, 1893)8http:/ /etc.usf.edu/clipart/
between humans and
gods

5. Athens
Like most Greek city-states
Athens originally had a
monarchy
The monarchy was
replaced by an aristocracy William Smith A Smaller History of Greece (New York: Harper and Brothers Publishers,
1882)84http://etc.usf.edu/clipart
Aristocrats abused power
and wealth and were
challenged by new wealth/
middle class

6. Tyrant Reformers
Rise of reformers (tyrants)
Draco: limited the power of
the aristocrats by creating
a code of laws
Solon: expanded citizenship
and made economic and
social reforms
William C. Morey Outlines of Greek History(Chicago: American Book Company,
1903)125http://etc.usf.edu/clipart

7. Democracy
Cleisthenes created a
democratic constitution
Direct democracy: each
citizen could participate and
vote in the popular
assembly where debates
often occurred
The Agora, Athens.. IRC. 2005.
Discovery Education. 16 February 2010
<http://streaming.discoveryeducation.com/>
Jury trials
Ostracism

8. Sparta
Oligarchy (rule by a
small group)
Rigid social structure
Militaristic society
Shunned foreign
involvement http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/StatueOfLeonidas.jpg/450px-StatueOfLeonidas.jpg

9. Persian Wars
Persia controlled the
Ionian city-states who
rebelled
Athens lent assistance to
Ionian Rebellion
Persia attacked but now
the Greek city-states
were united against
Persia

10. Persian Wars
Battle of Marathon: Greeks (led
by Athens) defeated the Persians
Gave the Greeks a great sense
of confidence
Battle of Thermopylae
Sparta fought valiantly, but lost
(Battle of 300) http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Perserkriege.jpg
Battle of Salamis
Athens defeats Persia in a sea
battle, insuring Greek victory

11. Golden Age of Athens
Led by Pericles
Culmination of both
democracy and
victories in Persian
Wars and the Delian
League Pericles of Athens, 498-429 B.C.. IRC. 2005.
Discovery Education. 16 February 2010
<http://streaming.discoveryeducation.com/>
Time of great cultural
advancement

12. Delian League
Defensive alliance
against Persia led by
Athens
With time, it became
the Athenian Empire http://individual.utoronto.ca/CLA160Y/Images/DelianLeagueMembers.jpg
Athens used money
from the Delian
League and its
expanding empire to Swinton, William Outlines of the Worlds History, Ancient Mediabal and Modern, with special
relation to the history of civilization and the progress of mankind (New York: Ivison, Blakeman
and Company, 1874) 73http:/ /etc.usf.edu/clipart/
rebuild Athens

13. Peloponnesian Wars
Competition between Athens
(Delian League) and Sparta
(Peloponnesian League) for
control of Greece
Eventually led to war
Un-unified Greek city-states
Golden Age of Athens,
cultural advancement ended The Peloponnesian War, 431-404 B.C.. IRC. 2005.
Discovery Education. 16 February 2010
Weakened political power and
<http://streaming.discoveryeducation.com/>
left Greece open for attack
by Phillip of Macedon

14. Phillip of Macedon
Conquered most of
Greece
Father of Alexander
the Great
L. W. Yaggy and T. L. Haines, Museum of Antiquity (New York: Standard Publishing House,
1882)784. Retrieved from http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/

15. Alexander the Great
Taught by Aristotle
Conquered the Persians and
established a massive
empire that extended from
Greece to Egypt to the
Israel Smith Clare, Illustrated Universal History (Philadelphia: J. C. McCurdy & Co., 1878) 55.
Retrieved from http://etc.usf.edu/clipart
Indus River
Spread Hellenistic (Greek-
like culture that blended
with other cultures)
Establishment of cities
like Alexandria, Egypt
Cultural diffusion and
trade Map, the empire of Alexander the Great.. IRC. 2005.
Discovery Education. 16 February 2010
<http://streaming.discoveryeducation.com/>