The document discusses the need for large-scale, complex, and fast data analysis to answer significant questions quickly, particularly in the context of graph stream processing. It details the evolution of distributed graph processing, the challenges of real-time analytics, and offers insights into solutions like Apache Flink and Gelly Stream. The emphasis is on addressing complex problems through efficient data analysis techniques and frameworks to support real-time decision-making.

1. Graph Stream Processing
spinning fast, large-scale, complex analytics
Paris Carbone
PhD Candidate @ KTH
Committer @ Apache Flink

2. We want to analyse….

3. We want to analyse….
data

4. We want to analyse….
datacomplex

5. We want to analyse….
datacomplexlarge-scale

6. We want to analyse….
data fastcomplexlarge-scale

7. But why do we need
large-scale, complex and fast data analysis?
>

8. But why do we need
large-scale, complex and fast data analysis?
to answer big complex questions faster>

9. to answer big complex questions faster>

10. >Hej Siri_
to answer big complex questions faster>

11. Get me the best route to work right now
>Hej Siri_
to answer big complex questions faster>

12. Get me the best route to work right now
>Hej Siri_
…with the fewest human drivers
to answer big complex questions faster>

13. Get me the best route to work right now
>Hej Siri_
Lookup a pizza recipe all of my friends like but
did not eat yesterday…
…with the fewest human drivers
to answer big complex questions faster>

14. Get me the best route to work right now
>Hej Siri_
Lookup a pizza recipe all of my friends like but
did not eat yesterday… or the day before yesterday
…with the fewest human drivers
to answer big complex questions faster>

15. Get me the best route to work right now
>Hej Siri_
Lookup a pizza recipe all of my friends like but
did not eat yesterday… or the day before yesterday
oh! And no kebab pizza!
…with the fewest human drivers
to answer big complex questions faster>

16. Get me the best route to work right now
>Hej Siri_
Lookup a pizza recipe all of my friends like but
did not eat yesterday…
Siri, is it possible to re-unite all data
scientists in the world?
or the day before yesterday
oh! And no kebab pizza!
…with the fewest human drivers
to answer big complex questions faster>

17. no matter if they use Spark or Flink or just ipython
Get me the best route to work right now
>Hej Siri_
Lookup a pizza recipe all of my friends like but
did not eat yesterday…
Siri, is it possible to re-unite all data
scientists in the world?
or the day before yesterday
oh! And no kebab pizza!
…with the fewest human drivers
to answer big complex questions faster>

18. no matter if they use Spark or Flink or just ipython
Get me the best route to work right now
>Hej Siri_
Lookup a pizza recipe all of my friends like but
did not eat yesterday…
Siri, is it possible to re-unite all data
scientists in the world?
or the day before yesterday
oh! And no kebab pizza!
…with the fewest human drivers
to answer big complex questions faster>

19. to answer big complex questions faster>
no matter if they use Spark or Flink or just ipython
best route to work right now
Lookup a pizza recipe all of my friends like but did not eat
yesterday…
re-unite all data scientists in the world?
or the day before yesterday
oh! And no kebab pizza!
…with the fewest human drivers
3000 AD

20. to answer big complex questions faster>
no matter if they use Spark or Flink or just ipython
best route to work right now
Lookup a pizza recipe all of my friends like but did not eat
yesterday…
re-unite all data scientists in the world?
or the day before yesterday
oh! And no kebab pizza!
…with the fewest human drivers
3000 AD

21. to answer big complex questions faster>
no matter if they use Spark or Flink or just ipython
best route to work right now
Lookup a pizza recipe all of my friends like but did not eat
yesterday…
re-unite all data scientists in the world?
or the day before yesterday
oh! And no kebab pizza!
…with the fewest human drivers
FIRST WORLD PROBLEM
3000 AD

22. to answer big complex questions faster>
use Spark or Flink or just ipython
best route to work right now
re-unite all data scientists in the world?
oh! And no kebab pizza!
…with the fewest human drivers
30000 AD

23. to answer big complex questions faster>
FIRST EARTH WORLD PROBLEM
use Spark or Flink or just ipython
best route to work right now
re-unite all data scientists in the world?
oh! And no kebab pizza!
…with the fewest human drivers
30000 AD

24. Still, fast analytics might save us some day…
• We can access patient movements and fb, twitter
and pretty much all social media interactions
• Can we stop a pandemic?
• Or can we predict fast where the virus can spread?

25. Now how do we analyse…
data fastcomplexlarge-scale ?

26. Now how do we analyse…
data
graphdistributed streaming

27. Now how do we analyse…
data
graphdistributed streaming
everything is a graph

28. Now how do we analyse…
data
graphdistributed streaming
everything is many everything is a graph

29. Now how do we analyse…
data
graphdistributed streaming
everything is many everything is a graph everything is a stream

30. it all started…
as a first world problem question

31. but then things escalated quickly…
…and machinery got cheaper and we
suddenly realised that we have big data

32. Distributed Graph processing was born
Thus,

33. Distributed Graph processing was born
Thus,
Map Reduce
1. Store Partitioned Data
2. Sent Local computation (map)
3. now shuffle it on disks
4. merge the results (reduce)
5. Store the result back
DFS :
distributed
file system

34. Distributed Graph processing was born
Thus,
1. Store Updates to DFS
2. Load graph snapshot (mem)
3. Compute round~superstep
4. Store updates
5. …repeat
Distributed Graph
ProcessingMap Reduce
1. Store Partitioned Data
2. Sent Local computation (map)
3. now shuffle it on disks
4. merge the results (reduce)
5. Store the result back
DFS :
distributed
file system

35. Distributed Graph processing was born
Thus,
1. Store Updates to DFS
2. Load graph snapshot (mem)
3. Compute round~superstep
4. Store updates
5. …repeat
Distributed Graph
ProcessingMap Reduce
1. Store Partitioned Data
2. Sent Local computation (map)
3. now shuffle it on disks
4. merge the results (reduce)
5. Store the result back
DFS :
distributed
file system

36. Distributed Graph processing was born
Thus,
1. Store Updates to DFS
2. Load graph snapshot (mem)
3. Compute round~superstep
4. Store updates
5. …repeat
Distributed Graph
ProcessingMap Reduce
1. Store Partitioned Data
2. Sent Local computation (map)
3. now shuffle it on disks
4. merge the results (reduce)
5. Store the result back
DFS :
distributed
file system

37. Distributed Graph processing was born
Thus,
1. Store Updates to DFS
2. Load graph snapshot (mem)
3. Compute round~superstep
4. Store updates
5. …repeat
Distributed Graph
ProcessingMap Reduce
1. Store Partitioned Data
2. Sent Local computation (map)
3. now shuffle it on disks
4. merge the results (reduce)
5. Store the result back
DFS :
distributed
file system

38. Distributed Graph processing was born
Thus,
1. Store Updates to DFS
2. Load graph snapshot (mem)
3. Compute round~superstep
4. Store updates
5. …repeat
Distributed Graph
ProcessingMap Reduce
1. Store Partitioned Data
2. Sent Local computation (map)
3. now shuffle it on disks
4. merge the results (reduce)
5. Store the result back
DFS :
distributed
file system

39. Distributed Graph processing was born
Thus,
1. Store Updates to DFS
2. Load graph snapshot (mem)
3. Compute round~superstep
4. Store updates
5. …repeat
Distributed Graph
ProcessingMap Reduce
1. Store Partitioned Data
2. Sent Local computation (map)
3. now shuffle it on disks
4. merge the results (reduce)
5. Store the result back
DFS :
distributed
file system

40. • We want to compute the Connected Components
of a distributed graph.
• Basic computation element (map): vertex
• Updates : messages to other vertices
Distributed Graph processing example

41. • We want to compute the Connected Components
of a distributed graph.
• Basic computation element (map): vertex
• Updates : messages to other vertices
Distributed Graph processing example
1 2
3

42. Distributed Graph processing example
1
43
2
5
6
7
8
ROUND 0

43. Distributed Graph processing example
1
43
2
5
ROUND 0
6
7
8
3
1
4
4
5
2
4
2
3
5
7
8
6
8
6
7

44. Distributed Graph processing example
1
21
2
2
ROUND 1
6
6
6

45. Distributed Graph processing example
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
6
6
6
6
1
21
2
2
ROUND 1
6
6
6
6
6

46. Distributed Graph processing example
1
11
2
2
ROUND 2
6
6
6

47. Distributed Graph processing example
1
11
2
2
ROUND 2
6
6
6
1
1
1

48. Distributed Graph processing example
1
11
1
1
ROUND 3
6
6
6

49. Distributed Graph processing example
1
11
1
1
ROUND 3
6
6
6
1
1
1
1

50. Distributed Graph processing example
1
11
1
1
ROUND 4
6
6
6
No messages, DONE!

51. • Examples of Load-Compute-Store systems:
Pregel, Graphx (spark), Graphlab, PowerGraph
• Same execution strategy - Same problems
• It’s slow
• Too much re-computation ($€) for nothing.
• Real World Updates anyone?
Distributed Graph processing systems

53. …and streaming came
to mess everything
make
fast and simple

54. …and streaming came
to mess everything
make
fast and simple
real
world

55. …and streaming came
to mess everything
make
fast and simple
real
world event records
• local state stays here
• local computation too
The Dataflow™

57. Streaming is so advanced that…
• subsecond latency and high throughput
finally coexist
• it does fault tolerance without batch writes*
• late data** is handled gracefully
* https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.08603• ** http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2824076

58. Streaming is so advanced that…
…but what about complex problems?
• subsecond latency and high throughput
finally coexist
• it does fault tolerance without batch writes*
• late data** is handled gracefully
* https://arxiv.org/abs/1506.08603• ** http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2824076

60. can we make it happen?

61. can we make it happen?
• Problem: Can’t keep an infinite graph in-
memory and do complex stuff

62. can we make it happen?
• Problem: Can’t keep an infinite graph in-
memory and do complex stuff
??
universe

63. can we make it happen?
• Problem: Can’t keep an infinite graph in-
memory and do complex stuff
??
universe
>it was never about the graph silly, it was about
answering complex questions, remember?

64. can we make it happen?
• Problem: Can’t keep an infinite graph in-
memory and do complex stuff
universe
;)
universe
summary
>it was never about the graph silly, it was about
answering complex questions, remember?
answers

65. Examples of Summaries
• Spanners : distance estimation
• Sparsifiers : cut estimation
• Sketches : homomorphic properties
graph summary
algorithm algorithm~R1 R2

66. Distributed Graph
streaming example
54
76
86
42
31
52Connected Components
on a stream of edges (additions)

67. 31
Distributed Graph
streaming example
54
76
86
42
43
31
52
Connected Components
on a stream of edges (additions)
1

68. 52
Distributed Graph
streaming example
54
76
86
42
43
87
52
Connected Components
on a stream of edges (additions)
31
1 2

69. 52
4
Distributed Graph
streaming example
54
76
86
42
43
87
41
Connected Components
on a stream of edges (additions)
31
1 2

70. 52
4
Distributed Graph
streaming example
76
86
42
43
87
41
Connected Components
on a stream of edges (additions)
31
1
76
2
6

71. 52
4
8
Distributed Graph
streaming example
86
42
43
87
41
Connected Components
on a stream of edges (additions)
31
1
76
2
6

72. 8
52
4
76
Distributed Graph
streaming example
42
43
87
41
Connected Components
on a stream of edges (additions)
31
1 2
6

73. 8
52
4
76
Distributed Graph
streaming example
42
43
87
41
Connected Components
on a stream of edges (additions)
31
1 2
6

74. 8
52
4
76
Distributed Graph
streaming example
43
87
41Connected Components
on a stream of edges (additions)
31
1
6

75. But Is this Efficient?
Sure, we can distribute the edges and summaries

76. But Is this Efficient?
Sure, we can distribute the edges and summaries
any systems in mind?

77. Gelly Stream
Graph stream processing with Apache Flink

78. Gelly Stream Oveview
DataStreamDataSet
Distributed Dataflow
Deployment
Gelly Gelly-
➤ Static Graphs
➤ Multi-Pass Algorithms
➤ Full Computations
➤ Dynamic Graphs
➤ Single-Pass Algorithms
➤ Approximate Computations
DataStream

79. Gelly Stream Status
➤ Properties and Metrics
➤ Transformations
➤ Aggregations
➤ Discretization
➤ Neighborhood
Aggregations
➤ Graph Streaming
Algorithms
➤ Connected
Components
➤ Bipartiteness Check
➤ Window Triangle Count
➤ Triangle Count
Estimation
➤ Continuous Degree
Aggregate

81. wait, so now we can detect
connected components right away?

82. wait, so now we can detect
connected components right away?

83. wait, so now we can detect
connected components right away?
Solved! But how about our other issues now?

84. no matter if they use Spark or Flink or
just ipython
>Hej Siri_
Siri, is it possible to re-unite all data
scientists in the world?
>

85. no matter if they use Spark or Flink or
just ipython
>Hej Siri_
Siri, is it possible to re-unite all data
scientists in the world?
>

86. Gelly-Stream to the rescue
graphStream.filterVertices(DataScientists())
.slice(Time.of(10, MINUTE), EdgeDirection.IN)
.applyOnNeighbors(FindPairs())
wendy checked_in glaze
steve checked_in glaze
tom checked_in joe’s_grill
sandra checked_in glaze
rafa checked_in joe’s_grill
wendy
steve
sandra
glaze
tom
rafa
joe’s
grill
{wendy, steve}
{steve, sandra}
{wendy, sandra}
{tom, rafa}

87. no matter if they use Spark or Flink or
just ipython
>Hej Siri_
Siri, is it possible to re-unite all data
scientists in the world?
>

88. no matter if they use Spark or Flink or
just ipython
>Hej Siri_
Siri, is it possible to re-unite all data
scientists in the world?
> yes

89. The next step
• Iterative model* on streams for deeper analytics
• More Summaries
• Better Our-Of-Core State Integration
• AdHoc Graph Queries
Large-scale, Complex, Fast, Deep Analytics
* http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2983551

90. Try out Gelly-Stream*
because all questions matter
@SenorCarbone
*https://github.com/vasia/gelly-streaming