Granite is an igneous rock that is formed deep underground from the cooling of magma. It is extracted through mining where large blocks are cut and lifted from the mine. The blocks then undergo polishing and cutting into slabs. Granite has various applications in construction including use as flooring, wall cladding, and in the production of aggregate. It has advantages such as durability, heat resistance and natural beauty. Famous structures that use granite include the Mount Rushmore monument and Rockefeller Center.

1. GRANITE
QUEEN OF STONES
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2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
HOW IS GRANITE FORMED?
PROCESS OF EXTRACTION
MARKETING
GRANITE MINES IN INDIA
APPLICATIONS
ADVANTAGES
GRANITE FLOORING
FAMOUS BUILDINGS
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3. INTRODUCTION
Granite is a common type of igneous rock, that is granular.
Granites can be predominantly white,pink,or grey in colour depending on there
mineralogy.
The word ‘GRANITE’ comes from the Latin word granum , a grain, in reference to the
coarse grained structure of the rock.
Granite has 20% quartz and up to 65% alkali feldspar by volume.
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4. How granite is formed???
Granite is formed underground by the cooling of magma.
 Deep within the earth, beyond the mantle layer, lies a deep layer of molten
rock.
 The molten rock is formed when the naturally occurring radioactive
elements within the ground break down and decay.
 The reaction of the decaying material releases large amounts of heat,
melting the rocks around it.
As geological events happen (such as the moving of plates or the build up of
pressure from the heat), the molten rocks are pushed toward the surface.
 As the rock gets closer to the surface, it also cools, creating internal igneous
rocks. One of these such rocks is granite.
 Granite can be a mixture of mainly quartz and feldspar but also may contain
mica.
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5. SIZES and THICKNESS OF GRANITE
Usually, the minimum average size of a granite slab is 105″ x 54″.
 Thicknesses can also be 3/4″ or 1-1/4″.
The granite slabs are packed in bundles of approximately 400 to 450 square feet.
The average granite slab size is about 9 to 10 feet wide and 5 to 6 feet tall (slabs are displayed
vertically).
The thickness can be from 10mm – to the requirement.
The 10mm slabs can be cut in cutter sixes factories.
The sizes above 10mm are cut in gang-saw factories.
The large thickness are use for making monuments and statues.
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6. PATTERNS IN GRANITE
DIFFERENT TYPES OF GRANITE PATTERN ARE AVAILBLE ACROSS THE WORLD.
PATTERNS ARE CHOSEN ACCORDING TO LOCAL AVAILBILITY.
MANY PEOPLE EXPORT THE GRANITE FROM DIFFERENT PLACES ACCORDINDG TO THEIR
PURPOSE AND REQUIRMENT.
THE PATTERN ALSO DEPENDS ON THE TYPE OF MINE THE GRANITE IS EXTRACTED.
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14. PRICES OF GRANITE
Granite is sold by the square foot, so it will be helpful to have this information when pricing the
material at various dealers.
The cost of a granite countertop will, of course, depend on the size of your surface area.
However, the average granite countertop will cost approximately ₹ 50 - ₹ 800 Per sqft .
The Cost Varies according to the availability of the granite and the demand.
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15. PRICE RANGE
There 2 types of Granite available in India –
(1) Granite from Southern India
(2) Granite from Rajasthan
Various colours are available in both types of Granite.
Southern Granite has Black base, whereas Granite from Rajasthan are colour base.
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17. Granite Flooring
Granite is one of the most preferred material for flooring.
Due to its glossy look, aesthetically appealing material.
Its is hard, can be cut into different shapes depending upon the flooring type.
There is great variation of costs available in local market.
Different types of granites are available in local market.
Low maintenance cost when compared to ceramic tiles and other floorings.
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18. GRANITE IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
Granite can be used as flooring material.
It is also used as wall cladding material.
The granite can also used in crusher mills for
production of coarse aggregate.
Not all kinds of granites can be used.
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19. COST VARIATION and PATTERN
DIFFERENT TYPES OF PATTERN
PATTERNS ARE CHOSEN ACCORDING TO LOCAL AVAILBILITY.
MANY PEOPLE EXPORT THE GRANITE FROM DIFFERENT PLACES ACOORDINDG TO THEIR
PURPOSE.
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20. THE PROCESS OF EXTRACTION IN GRANITE
QUARRY
Mining:
Granite mining is a large
industrial process which begins
with exposing a granite
deposit. Once the granite
deposit is exposed open cast
mining is the usual way to
exploit the reserves.
Cutting :
Granite is then extracted from the
mine which is in itself a difficult
process. Granite is usually drilled
then hammered to separate
individual blocks which are then
lifted to the surface of the mine
with cranes to be transported to a
near by processing plant.
Polishing:
Polishing granite is done in multi stages,
starting with a very rough course
diamond polishing. Once the first stage
is complete the process is repeated
using a less course diamond polishing
and repeated a number of times. Once
individual cut-outs are made from
granite worktops, the process is
followed again but this time by hand to
achieve the desired finish.
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21. Granite Quarrying
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22. Granite Polishing
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23. Dispatch Section..
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24. MARKETING:
Marketing of granite is mainly done in fairs held in different countries, which is attended by
buyers from all over the world.
For example:
STONA fair – India
EURONA fair- Europe
JAMMI fair- China
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25. GRANITE MINES IN
INDIA:
India has varieties of granite in over
200 shades. As on 2005, Granite
reserves in India was 37,426 million
cubic metres and ranked fifth in
export of processed product.
Resources are found in Madhya
Pradesh, Orissa, Tamil Nadu,
Karnataka(ILKAL), Jharkhand,
Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh
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26. Granite used in floorings and wall
cladding
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27. APPLICATIONS OF GRANITE:
Granite stone is used in buildings, bridges, paving, monuments and many other
exterior projects.
It is also used for making interior artefacts, idols, burial caskets etc.

Polished granite slabs and tiles are used in countertops, tile floors, stair treads and
many other design elements.
Granite is a prestige material, used in projects to produce impressions of elegance
and quality.
 In many rooms, a granite floor offers a long-lasting, shiny appearance.
Granite stone also extends the lifespan of bridges.
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28. Advantages:
 • One of the main reasons people select granite is because of its natural beauty.
 The coloration will never change so it will always be as bright and vibrant as when it is first installed.
• Granite is very competitively priced and a sketch of your countertops is all that's needed for an estimate.
Quarter-inch believed and round edges are considered standard and the price increases with more labour-intensive
edges such as a bullnose or ogee.
• One major advantage in choosing granite is that it won’t scratch or chip with normal use. Only another piece of
granite, or something harder, like diamond, will leave marks.
 In addition, it is heat resistant ,so items from the oven can be placed right on the counter without a problem.
• No two slabs of granite are ever exactly the same, like fingerprints.
 Regardless of how common a specific stone is, each application of that stone is unique and beautiful in its own context.
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29. Famous Granite Structures.
Mount Rushmore Rockefeller Centre Capitol building
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30. Granite articles in houses…
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32. GRANITE STALLS DESIGNED BY
ARCHITECTS IN FAIRS…
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34. ARTIFICIAL GRANITE
 Engineered stone, on the other hand, is exactly that
– engineered.
 It is manufactured in a facility (instead of inside the
earth) and is comprised of about 95 percent natural
stone (usually quartz) and 5 percent resin.
 Natural stone crystals are ground and blended
together and then heated to create a solid surface.
 If You’re Looking For Perfect Consistency, Engineered
Stone Is The Way To Go.
 Engineered Stone Slabs Can Be Designed And
Replicated To Achieve A Specific And Consistent Look.
 But Because They Have A Uniform Appearance, They
May Lack The Unique Colour And Pattern Variations That
Granite Offers.
 Both engineered stone and granite are easy to clean –
just wipe spills with a damp cloth and mild cleaner.
 Granite tends to be more porous and can stain,
especially if acids, colouring agents or oils are involved.
 Engineered stone is completely non-porous, so it’s very
resistant to stain in.
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35. DONE BY:
RAKSHITH REDDY
SACHIN.GOLA
KETAN NAIDU
KARTHIK SHETTY
N.S.S.AKHIL
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