Electric current is defined as the amount of charge passing through a given point per unit time. It is measured in Amperes (A), where 1 A equals 1 Coulomb of charge passing by each second. Electric current in circuits behaves similarly to the flow of water in pipes and is measured using an ammeter connected in series. The direction of electron flow in circuits is opposite to the defined direction of conventional current. Kirchhoff's node law states that the total current entering a node equals the total current leaving the node. Shorting a load bypasses it using a jumper wire to allow current to take the path of least resistance.
Concept of general terms pertaining to rotating machinesvishalgohel12195
Concept of general terms pertaining to rotating machines
Physical concept of force and torque production.
Concept of general terms pertaining to rotating machines.
Generated emf in full pitched and short pitched winding.
Concept of general terms pertaining to rotating machinesvishalgohel12195
Concept of general terms pertaining to rotating machines
Physical concept of force and torque production.
Concept of general terms pertaining to rotating machines.
Generated emf in full pitched and short pitched winding.
A Maxwell bridge is a modification to a Wheatstone bridge used to measure an unknown inductance (usually of low Q value) in terms of calibrated resistance and inductance or resistance and capacitance. When the calibrated components are a parallel resistor and capacitor, the bridge is known as a Maxwell-Wien bridge. It is named for James C. Maxwell, who first described it in 1873.
It uses the principle that the positive phase angle of an inductive impedance can be compensated by the negative phase angle of a capacitive impedance when put in the opposite arm and the circuit is at resonance; i.e., no potential difference across the detector (an AC voltmeter or ammeter)) and hence no current flowing through it. The unknown inductance then becomes known in terms of this capacitance.
The bridge uses for measuring the value of unknown resistance, inductance and capacitance, is known as the AC Bridge. The AC bridges are very convenient and give the accurate result of the measurement.The construction of the bridges is very simple. The bridge has four arms, one AC supply source and the balance detector. It works on the principle that the balance ratio of the impedances will give the balance condition to the circuit which is determined by the null detector.
The Parallel RLC Circuit is the exact opposite to the series circuit we looked at in the previous tutorial although some of the previous concepts and equations still apply.
A Maxwell bridge is a modification to a Wheatstone bridge used to measure an unknown inductance (usually of low Q value) in terms of calibrated resistance and inductance or resistance and capacitance. When the calibrated components are a parallel resistor and capacitor, the bridge is known as a Maxwell-Wien bridge. It is named for James C. Maxwell, who first described it in 1873.
It uses the principle that the positive phase angle of an inductive impedance can be compensated by the negative phase angle of a capacitive impedance when put in the opposite arm and the circuit is at resonance; i.e., no potential difference across the detector (an AC voltmeter or ammeter)) and hence no current flowing through it. The unknown inductance then becomes known in terms of this capacitance.
The bridge uses for measuring the value of unknown resistance, inductance and capacitance, is known as the AC Bridge. The AC bridges are very convenient and give the accurate result of the measurement.The construction of the bridges is very simple. The bridge has four arms, one AC supply source and the balance detector. It works on the principle that the balance ratio of the impedances will give the balance condition to the circuit which is determined by the null detector.
The Parallel RLC Circuit is the exact opposite to the series circuit we looked at in the previous tutorial although some of the previous concepts and equations still apply.
Sesión de Laboratorio 3: Leyes de Kirchhoff, Circuitos RC y DiodosJavier García Molleja
Laboratory session in Physics II subject for September 2016-January 2017 semester in Yachay Tech University (Ecuador). Topic covered: electricity, electrical circuits, resistances, capacitances, diodes
Based on Bruna Regalado's work
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Grade 11, U3 L2-Electric Current
1. Unit 3 - Lesson 2Unit 3 - Lesson 2
Electric CurrentElectric Current
Nelson Reference Pages:Nelson Reference Pages:
516, 517, 519 - 521516, 517, 519 - 521
2. Electric Current (I) is defined as the amount ofElectric Current (I) is defined as the amount of
charge (Q) that passes a given point in a CCT in acharge (Q) that passes a given point in a CCT in a
time intervaltime interval ΔΔt.t.
Or:Or: I = Q/I = Q/ΔΔtt, the units are C/s which equals an, the units are C/s which equals an
Ampere (or Amp). So:Ampere (or Amp). So: 1 A = 1 C/s.1 A = 1 C/s.
Analogy: Electric currentAnalogy: Electric current is similar to the flow ofis similar to the flow of
water in a pipe, which is measured in litres/second.water in a pipe, which is measured in litres/second.
History:History: By 1876, CCT theory was already wellBy 1876, CCT theory was already well
defineddefined usingusing currentcurrent ((I)I) as theas the movement ofmovement of
postive chargepostive charge, and the e, and the e--
was still 25 years awaywas still 25 years away
from being discovered.from being discovered. To the present date, the
definition of current has not changed! (The Nelson
TB does not explain this aspect of current clearly)
3. We know that negative charge, or electrons,We know that negative charge, or electrons,
move in a CCT. We call thismove in a CCT. We call this electron flow
and the direction is __________ to that of
current (I).
Elementary charge (e): This is the magnitude
of charge on a proton or an electron and
equals 1.602 x 10 -19
C. When we talk about
Q we can relate this to e: Q = Ne , where N
is a whole number and represents the
number of elementary charges.
{ Note: e+
= +1.602 x 10-19
C and
e -
= -1.602 x 10-19
C }
4. Measuring Current (Measuring Current (I) in a CCT) in a CCT
To do this, we use anTo do this, we use an ammeterammeter which mustwhich must
bebe connected in seriesconnected in series in the CCT.in the CCT.
The current in a series CCT is ________ butThe current in a series CCT is ________ but
in a parallel CCT the current _________ .in a parallel CCT the current _________ .
5. In the diagram,In the diagram, IS
represents the currentrepresents the current
going through the sourcegoing through the source
(battery) and is the(battery) and is the
greatestgreatest value in thevalue in the
CCT.CCT.
Kirchhoff’s Node Law: TheThe
purple circle indicates acircle indicates a
nodenode. The law states. The law states
that the current goingthat the current going
intointo a node must equala node must equal
the current comingthe current coming outout ofof
the node.the node.
So,So, IS = ___________
V S
A 3
A 1
A S
A 2
IS
I1
I2
I3
6. Shorting or shorted:Shorting or shorted: This termThis term
comes from “short circuit”. Itcomes from “short circuit”. It
is a method that can be usedis a method that can be used
to remove a load from ato remove a load from a
CCT. This is done byCCT. This is done by
connecting a jumper wireconnecting a jumper wire
across the load. Shortingacross the load. Shorting
does not work in all CCT’s;does not work in all CCT’s;
this can be seen in thethis can be seen in the
previous parallel CCTprevious parallel CCT
(discuss).(discuss).
In the diagram, theIn the diagram, the blue
jumper wire allows theallows the
current to take the path ofcurrent to take the path of
least resistance andleast resistance and
bypasses the light bulb.bypasses the light bulb.
V S
J u m p e r
W ir e
7. Practice Questions
Nelson TextbookNelson Textbook
Page 518 # 1-5, 7, 9Page 518 # 1-5, 7, 9
Workbook: Page 48Page 48 (New 53) # 1, 4, 5, 6# 1, 4, 5, 6
From the McGraw-Hill Physics 11 Book
In transferring 2.5 x 10 20
elementary charges in 12
s, a battery does 68 J of work.
a. Calculate the current through the battery.
(Ans. 3.3 A)
b. Calculate the potential difference of the battery.
(Ans. 1.7 V)
