Gr.11-Passive Transport
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This document summarizes different types of cell transport mechanisms: 1) Passive transport includes facilitated diffusion and osmosis, which do not require cell energy. Molecules move with the concentration gradient through cell membranes and protein channels. 2) Active transport includes carrier proteins and bulk transport, which require cell energy as molecules move against the concentration gradient into cells. 3) Specific types of passive transport are discussed in more detail, including diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion through carrier proteins.
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Transport ch. 7 section 3
The cell membrane provides a boundary for the cell and is selectively permeable, allowing some substances to pass through. Its structure, a lipid bilayer fluid mosaic, relates to its functions. Embedded proteins act as selective channels and markers. Diffusion and osmosis move particles down concentration gradients through the phospholipid bilayer without energy. Active transport moves substances against gradients through protein channels using energy. Endocytosis and exocytosis move larger particles in and out of cells.
10 05 09 Notes
The document summarizes key aspects of cell membranes, including that membranes are composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. Transmembrane proteins can transport molecules like water and ions through the membrane and perform functions like transport, enzymatic activity, and signal transduction. Membranes are selectively permeable, allowing passive transport of solutes through diffusion, facilitated diffusion using transport proteins, and osmosis of water.
Transport mechanism of PM
The plasma membrane uses various transport mechanisms to regulate what passes in and out of cells. The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as a fluid bilayer of phospholipids embedded with proteins that move freely within the layer. There are two main types of transport proteins: carrier proteins that change shape to transport solutes across the membrane, and channel proteins that form pores to allow diffusion of specific solutes. Transport can occur through passive diffusion, facilitated transport, or active transport using ATP. Osmosis regulates the movement of water across the membrane in response to solute concentration gradients.
Passive Transport
There are two main types of cellular transport - passive and active. Passive transport does not require energy and includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient and requires energy from ATP. The sodium-potassium pump is an example of active transport, moving sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane against their gradients. Large molecules are transported across membranes via endocytosis and exocytosis using vesicles.
Transport Across Membranes
A cell is in similitude with a fenced house that has a gate. The cell membrane serves to a cell what function does to a house. Just like a gate allows for passage to and fro the house, the cell membrane has adaptions that allow communication between the internal environment with the external environment.
Facilitated diffusion
The document discusses facilitated diffusion, a process where large polar molecules and ions pass through protein channels in the cell membrane rather than diffusing directly through the phospholipid bilayer. It notes that facilitated diffusion, like ordinary diffusion, is a passive process where molecules move from high to low concentration through protein channels. It also describes the two major types of integral membrane proteins involved - carrier proteins that bind and release specific solutes, and ion channels that contain gates to control permeability and allow ion currents across the membrane without binding.
Cell membrane transport (supplement)
The document discusses various mechanisms of transport through cell membranes, including:
1) Diffusion and facilitated diffusion, which are passive processes where molecules move from areas of high concentration to low concentration through the phospholipid bilayer or protein channels.
2) Osmosis, which is the passive diffusion of water across a partially permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration.
3) Active transport, which requires energy and uses transport proteins to move molecules against a concentration gradient into or out of cells.
Transport through plasma membrane
This document discusses various mechanisms of transport across the plasma membrane. It begins by introducing passive transport, which moves substances along concentration gradients without requiring energy. Specific passive transport mechanisms discussed include simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, bulk flow, filtration, and osmosis. Active transport is then covered, which moves substances against gradients and requires energy. Primary and secondary active transport mechanisms such as sodium-potassium pumps, calcium pumps, and sodium symport/antiport are explained. Special transport mechanisms like endocytosis, exocytosis, transcytosis, and molecular motors are also summarized. Finally, examples of applied physiology involving abnormalities of transport mechanisms are provided.
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Transport ch. 7 section 3
The cell membrane provides a boundary for the cell and is selectively permeable, allowing some substances to pass through. Its structure, a lipid bilayer fluid mosaic, relates to its functions. Embedded proteins act as selective channels and markers. Diffusion and osmosis move particles down concentration gradients through the phospholipid bilayer without energy. Active transport moves substances against gradients through protein channels using energy. Endocytosis and exocytosis move larger particles in and out of cells.
10 05 09 Notes
The document summarizes key aspects of cell membranes, including that membranes are composed of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. Transmembrane proteins can transport molecules like water and ions through the membrane and perform functions like transport, enzymatic activity, and signal transduction. Membranes are selectively permeable, allowing passive transport of solutes through diffusion, facilitated diffusion using transport proteins, and osmosis of water.
Transport mechanism of PM
The plasma membrane uses various transport mechanisms to regulate what passes in and out of cells. The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as a fluid bilayer of phospholipids embedded with proteins that move freely within the layer. There are two main types of transport proteins: carrier proteins that change shape to transport solutes across the membrane, and channel proteins that form pores to allow diffusion of specific solutes. Transport can occur through passive diffusion, facilitated transport, or active transport using ATP. Osmosis regulates the movement of water across the membrane in response to solute concentration gradients.
Passive Transport
There are two main types of cellular transport - passive and active. Passive transport does not require energy and includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis. Active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient and requires energy from ATP. The sodium-potassium pump is an example of active transport, moving sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane against their gradients. Large molecules are transported across membranes via endocytosis and exocytosis using vesicles.
Transport Across Membranes
A cell is in similitude with a fenced house that has a gate. The cell membrane serves to a cell what function does to a house. Just like a gate allows for passage to and fro the house, the cell membrane has adaptions that allow communication between the internal environment with the external environment.
Facilitated diffusion
The document discusses facilitated diffusion, a process where large polar molecules and ions pass through protein channels in the cell membrane rather than diffusing directly through the phospholipid bilayer. It notes that facilitated diffusion, like ordinary diffusion, is a passive process where molecules move from high to low concentration through protein channels. It also describes the two major types of integral membrane proteins involved - carrier proteins that bind and release specific solutes, and ion channels that contain gates to control permeability and allow ion currents across the membrane without binding.
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The document discusses various mechanisms of transport through cell membranes, including:
1) Diffusion and facilitated diffusion, which are passive processes where molecules move from areas of high concentration to low concentration through the phospholipid bilayer or protein channels.
2) Osmosis, which is the passive diffusion of water across a partially permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration.
3) Active transport, which requires energy and uses transport proteins to move molecules against a concentration gradient into or out of cells.
Transport through plasma membrane
This document discusses various mechanisms of transport across the plasma membrane. It begins by introducing passive transport, which moves substances along concentration gradients without requiring energy. Specific passive transport mechanisms discussed include simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, bulk flow, filtration, and osmosis. Active transport is then covered, which moves substances against gradients and requires energy. Primary and secondary active transport mechanisms such as sodium-potassium pumps, calcium pumps, and sodium symport/antiport are explained. Special transport mechanisms like endocytosis, exocytosis, transcytosis, and molecular motors are also summarized. Finally, examples of applied physiology involving abnormalities of transport mechanisms are provided.
Facilitated diffusion
Facilitated diffusion is the movement of substances across a membrane along a concentration gradient, aided by transport proteins like channel and carrier proteins. Channel proteins form hydrophilic pores through the membrane that allow rapid diffusion of small molecules and ions. Carrier proteins bind molecules and change shape to transport them, moving more slowly than channels. Gated channel proteins selectively open and close pores in response to stimuli like voltage changes, regulating substance flow across the membrane. Factors like temperature, concentration gradient, distance, and molecule size affect the rate of facilitated diffusion.
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Facilitated diffusion is the passive transport of molecules across a cell membrane using carrier proteins. There are two main types of carrier proteins: carrier proteins that bind to specific molecules and undergo a conformational change to transport them across the membrane, and ion channels that have pores lined with charged groups to transport ions. Facilitated diffusion is saturated at high concentration differences because there are a limited number of carrier proteins.
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This document discusses various mechanisms of transport across cell membranes, including:
- Passive transport mechanisms like simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis which do not require energy.
- Active transport mechanisms like primary and secondary active transport which move substances against their concentration gradient using cellular energy.
- Bulk transport mechanisms like filtration and vesicular transport which move larger particles and fluids across membranes.
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This document provides an overview of transport across cell membranes. It begins with an introduction and defines the key components of the cell membrane. It then describes the main types of transport - passive diffusion, facilitated transport, osmosis, and active transport. Specific transport proteins and their roles are explained. The document also covers factors that affect the rate of transport and bulk transport mechanisms like endocytosis and exocytosis. In summary, the document serves as a guide to the various pathways and mechanisms by which substances move across the selective barrier of the cell membrane.
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The document discusses transport across cell membranes. It begins by describing the structure and function of cell membranes, including their semipermeable nature. It then explains various transport mechanisms like diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport, and endocytosis/exocytosis that allow materials to move across membranes. Specific examples are given of how these transport mechanisms function in cells, lungs, and other organisms and systems to maintain homeostasis.
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The document discusses mechanisms of transport across the cell membrane. It explains that transport is necessary for cells to exchange materials and carry out life functions. The cell membrane is selectively permeable, allowing some substances to pass through freely via diffusion or with the assistance of transport proteins via facilitated diffusion. Active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient using pumps and carriers. The cell membrane is made up of a lipid bilayer with embedded and peripheral proteins that facilitate different types of transport.
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1. The document discusses cellular transport, including the structure of the cell membrane and different types of transport processes.
2. There are two main types of cellular transport - passive transport, which doesn't require energy, and active transport, which does. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis.
3. Active transport uses energy and can move molecules against a concentration gradient, using protein pumps, endocytosis, or exocytosis. The effects of osmosis on cells in hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions are also explained.
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Facilitated diffusion is the passive transport of molecules across a cell membrane using carrier proteins. There are two main types of carrier proteins: carrier proteins that bind to specific molecules and undergo a conformational change to transport them across the membrane, and ion channels that have pores lined with charged groups to transport ions. Facilitated diffusion is saturated at high concentration differences because there are a limited number of carrier proteins.
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Cellular transport occurs through the cell membrane and involves both passive and active transport mechanisms. The cell membrane is a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins that regulates what enters and exits the cell. Passive transport includes diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis, and does not require energy. Active transport uses energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient using carrier proteins. Bulk transport through endocytosis and exocytosis moves larger particles and molecules in and out of the cell. Osmosis, the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane, is important for cellular homeostasis and is affected by the solution's tonicity.
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This document provides an overview of transport across cell membranes. It begins with an introduction and defines the key components of the cell membrane. It then describes the main types of transport - passive diffusion, facilitated transport, osmosis, and active transport. Specific transport proteins and their roles are explained. The document also covers factors that affect the rate of transport and bulk transport mechanisms like endocytosis and exocytosis. In summary, the document serves as a guide to the various pathways and mechanisms by which substances move across the selective barrier of the cell membrane.
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Membrane transport systems move molecules into and out of cells across cell membranes. There are two major types of membrane transport: passive transport, which does not require energy, and active transport, which uses cellular energy. Passive transport includes simple diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion. Active transport uses transporter proteins and ATP or ion gradients to move molecules against their concentration gradients. Primary active transport directly uses ATP, while secondary active transport utilizes ion gradients generated by primary transporters.
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Script for
The document discusses mechanisms of transport across the cell membrane. It explains that transport is necessary for cells to exchange materials and carry out life functions. The cell membrane is selectively permeable, allowing some substances to pass through freely via diffusion or with the assistance of transport proteins via facilitated diffusion. Active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient using pumps and carriers. The cell membrane is made up of a lipid bilayer with embedded and peripheral proteins that facilitate different types of transport.
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The document discusses cell membranes and their structure and function. It explains that cell membranes are semi-permeable bilayers that allow some substances to pass through via passive or active transport. Passive transport includes diffusion of substances down their concentration gradient and osmosis of water. Active transport uses energy and carrier proteins to move substances against their concentration gradient. The membrane controls what enters and exits the cell and allows it to receive and respond to signals from its environment.
Plasma membrane
This document discusses various mechanisms of transport across cell membranes, including: passive transport mechanisms like diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis which do not require energy; and active transport mechanisms like protein pumps, endocytosis, and exocytosis which require energy. It provides details on the structure of the cell membrane and defines each transport process. Examples are given of molecules that diffuse through membranes as well as the sodium-potassium pump as an example of active transport.
Cell membrane and cell membrane transport
This document discusses cell membranes and transport across membranes. It contains two models of cell membrane structure - the Danielli-Davson and Singer-Nicholson fluid mosaic models. The fluid mosaic model describes the phospholipid bilayer with integral and peripheral proteins as well as glycoproteins and glycolipids embedded. Transport across membranes can occur passively through diffusion and osmosis which do not require energy, or actively through pumps which use ATP as an energy source. Vesicular transport moves materials across membranes within vesicles.
Chapter 3 section 2 notes (moving cellular material)
This document summarizes different cellular transport mechanisms. It describes how the selectively permeable cell membrane allows certain substances to passively enter and leave cells through diffusion or osmosis. Diffusion is the random movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration. Osmosis is the diffusion of water across the membrane from high to low concentration. The document also discusses active transport which requires energy to move substances against a concentration gradient using transport proteins. Endocytosis and exocytosis are described as active transport processes to take materials into or release them from cells.
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Gr.11-Passive Transport
- 1. CELL TRANSPORT Passive Active - Molecules enter or - Many molecules leave one at at time enter or leave together (i.e. bulk transport)
- 2. PASSIVE Facilitated Diffusion Osmosis Diffusion - no cell energy needed - molecules move with the concentration gradient (high to low) due to random molecule motion
- 3. ACTIVE Carrier Bulk Exocytosis Protein Transport - cell energy is needed - molecules move against the concentration gradient (low to high)
- 4. Cell Membrane Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the cell membrane: a) made up of phospholipids b) selectively permeable c) controls the flow of materials d) provides rigid support for the cell
- 5. Cell Membrane a) made up of phospholipids - two layers of lipids b) selectively permeable - lets some things in, not others c) controls the flow of materials - in and out of the cell (its main job!) d) provides rigid support for the cell - FALSE: this is for the cell wall
- 6. Cell Membrane & Transport Two important parts for transport: 1. Bilayer of phospholipids 2. Channel proteins
- 7. 1) Diffusion ๏ง even net flow of molecules from an area of high concentration๏ low concentration Examples - perfume - tea bag
- 8. 1) Diffusion ๏ง moves WITH the concentration gradient concentration gradient: a difference in concentration between two areas ๏ง continues until concentrations are equal
- 9. 1) Diffusion The rate (speed) of diffusion is affected by: ๏ง Temperature ๏ง faster at higher temperatures ๏ง Concentration of solute (what is dissolved) molecules in a solution ๏ง faster if solute concentration is high
- 10. 2) Osmosis ๏ง diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane ๏ง a specific type of diffusion ๏ง moves WITH the concentration gradient
- 11. Diffusion & Osmosis These processes can occur in two ways: 1) Directly through the cell membrane ๏ง small, uncharged molecules (O2, CO2, H2O) 2) Through protein channels ๏ง charged ions and water (Na+, Ca2+, K+, Cl-)
- 12. Protein Channels
- 13. 3) Facilitated Diffusion ๏ง used for molecules that are too large to pass unassisted through the cell membrane or channel protein ๏ง these molecules have to use carrier proteins ๏ง examples) glucose, amino acids
- 14. a) molecule bounces into a binding site b) carrier protein accepts molecule c) carrier changes shape & flips over, bringing molecule into cell d) carrier protein returns to its shape (no picture)