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This document provides an introduction to basic computer components. It defines a computer as an electronic device that processes data. It then outlines the table of contents which includes definitions of what a computer is, computer hardware, software, input devices, and output devices. Computer hardware is defined as the physical machinery of the computer while software refers to programs that instruct the computer. Common input devices include keyboards, mice, scanners, and digital cameras, while output devices are typically monitors and printers.
The computer is an electronic device that performs calculations quickly. It takes in data through input devices, processes the data using its central processing unit and memory storage devices, and outputs the results through output devices. The computer consists of both hardware and software. It can help organizations efficiently store records in its memory without risk of losing data, as the records will be stored together electronically rather than in separate physical files.
The document discusses information systems management and information processing. It defines key terms like data, information, and information processing systems. It describes the functions of an information processing system as accepting input, processing data into information, storing data and information, and presenting output. It outlines the six components of an information processing system as hardware, software, data, procedures, people, and feedback. It also discusses the evolution of management information systems and provides examples of different types of information systems used.
The document summarizes the basic organization of a computer system. It describes that while computers have changed over time, the core logical structure has remained the same. The five main units that take input data and convert it to useful information are: 1) input unit, 2) storage unit, 3) processing unit, 4) control unit, and 5) output unit. The storage unit has two types - primary storage (memory) and secondary storage (disks/tapes), which store data temporarily and permanently respectively. The processing unit performs calculations and operations on data stored in primary storage. The control unit manages and coordinates the entire computer system.
This document provides an overview of computer programming. It begins by listing the objectives of understanding the functional parts of computers, their characteristics, and basic computing concepts. It then defines what a computer is, describing it as a device that performs calculations at high speeds by processing data. The document outlines the main components of a computer system including the input, output, memory, CPU and control unit. It provides details on characteristics like speed, accuracy, versatility, and memory. Finally, it includes sample questions for further review.
The document provides an introduction to computer systems by defining what a computer system is and describing its key components. It states that a computer system includes the computer, operating system, and any other necessary software and peripheral devices. It also discusses the different types of computer systems, including microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers which are classified by size. Additional classifications by function include servers, workstations, information appliances, and embedded computers. The document outlines the basic advantages and disadvantages of using computer systems.
System, sub-system, computer system, advantages, disadvantages, types of computers, classes by size and functions, server, workstations, information appliances, embedded computers etc.
This document provides an overview of computers and data processing. It defines key terms like data, information, and data processing. It describes the basic functional units and components of a computer system, including input, output, central processing, and memory units. It also distinguishes between computer hardware and software. Common hardware components are described along with system software and application software categories. The document provides examples of commonly used application software packages like word processors, spreadsheets, and database management systems. It explains the concepts of data, information, and how data is processed into useful information through various data processing methods and cycles.
This document provides an introduction to basic computer components. It defines a computer as an electronic device that processes data. It then outlines the table of contents which includes definitions of what a computer is, computer hardware, software, input devices, and output devices. Computer hardware is defined as the physical machinery of the computer while software refers to programs that instruct the computer. Common input devices include keyboards, mice, scanners, and digital cameras, while output devices are typically monitors and printers.
The computer is an electronic device that performs calculations quickly. It takes in data through input devices, processes the data using its central processing unit and memory storage devices, and outputs the results through output devices. The computer consists of both hardware and software. It can help organizations efficiently store records in its memory without risk of losing data, as the records will be stored together electronically rather than in separate physical files.
The document discusses information systems management and information processing. It defines key terms like data, information, and information processing systems. It describes the functions of an information processing system as accepting input, processing data into information, storing data and information, and presenting output. It outlines the six components of an information processing system as hardware, software, data, procedures, people, and feedback. It also discusses the evolution of management information systems and provides examples of different types of information systems used.
The document summarizes the basic organization of a computer system. It describes that while computers have changed over time, the core logical structure has remained the same. The five main units that take input data and convert it to useful information are: 1) input unit, 2) storage unit, 3) processing unit, 4) control unit, and 5) output unit. The storage unit has two types - primary storage (memory) and secondary storage (disks/tapes), which store data temporarily and permanently respectively. The processing unit performs calculations and operations on data stored in primary storage. The control unit manages and coordinates the entire computer system.
This document provides an overview of computer programming. It begins by listing the objectives of understanding the functional parts of computers, their characteristics, and basic computing concepts. It then defines what a computer is, describing it as a device that performs calculations at high speeds by processing data. The document outlines the main components of a computer system including the input, output, memory, CPU and control unit. It provides details on characteristics like speed, accuracy, versatility, and memory. Finally, it includes sample questions for further review.
The document provides an introduction to computer systems by defining what a computer system is and describing its key components. It states that a computer system includes the computer, operating system, and any other necessary software and peripheral devices. It also discusses the different types of computer systems, including microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers which are classified by size. Additional classifications by function include servers, workstations, information appliances, and embedded computers. The document outlines the basic advantages and disadvantages of using computer systems.
System, sub-system, computer system, advantages, disadvantages, types of computers, classes by size and functions, server, workstations, information appliances, embedded computers etc.
This document provides an overview of computers and data processing. It defines key terms like data, information, and data processing. It describes the basic functional units and components of a computer system, including input, output, central processing, and memory units. It also distinguishes between computer hardware and software. Common hardware components are described along with system software and application software categories. The document provides examples of commonly used application software packages like word processors, spreadsheets, and database management systems. It explains the concepts of data, information, and how data is processed into useful information through various data processing methods and cycles.
This document discusses different types of computers and input/output devices. It defines basic computer terminology and describes the boot process and how data is processed. It outlines various types of computers including microcomputers, desktops, laptops, workstations, supercomputers, mainframes, servers, and handheld devices. It details common computer components like the system unit, CPU, input devices like keyboards and mice, and output devices such as monitors, printers, and speakers. Peripheral devices are used to expand the input, output, and storage capabilities of computers.
Computers range in size and processing power from personal computers to supercomputers. Personal computers are the smallest and least powerful, used in homes and small businesses, while supercomputers can process very large amounts of information like weather predictions and military simulations. All computers have both hardware, the physical parts like displays and keyboards, and software which are the programs and instructions that allow the computer to perform tasks for users.
Computer is a device that accepts digital data as input, manipulates it based on a program's instructions, and provides processed results as output. It has two main parts: hardware and software. Hardware are the physical and tangible parts like the keyboard, monitor, mouse, and central processing unit. Hardware is divided into input devices to feed data, storage devices to store data, and output devices to display or print data. Software includes the operating system and programs that tell the computer what to do. Common system software includes Windows and Linux, while application software includes programs like Word and Excel.
This document discusses computer programming and the data processing cycle. It explains that data is input, processed using microprocessors, stored for future use or output, and that computers play an important role in making this cycle faster, more accurate, and able to output and share data. While computers provide advantages like speed and accuracy, they also require infrastructure like electricity, maintenance, and staff training. Overall trends have included increasing processing power, storage, and connectivity through networks and distributed systems.
A computer system accepts data as input, processes it, and provides output. It has three main parts: input, process, and output. Input devices like keyboards and sensors collect data which the central processing unit (CPU) transforms into useful information. The CPU follows instructions to process data quickly but cannot think for itself. Output displays the processed information on monitors or prints it out. Computer systems are combinations of hardware and software that link input, processing, and output.
The document provides an introduction to computers, defining a computer as an electronic device that accepts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output. It outlines key computer concepts such as data, information, input/output devices, software/hardware, types of computers, and common uses. The document aims to give the reader a basic overview of what a computer is and its main components.
The document outlines rules for attendance and conduct, then provides an overview of computers. It describes the basic input-process-output model of a computer. Data is input and then processed using arithmetic and logical operations based on a program's instructions. The processed data is then output. The main parts of a computer that enable this include the input and output units, arithmetic logic unit, control unit, and memory. Memory can be primary or secondary. The control unit, arithmetic logic unit, and memory together make up the central processing unit (CPU).
A computer is a combination of hardware and software that processes data into information. Computer hardware refers to the physical components like monitors, keyboards, and speakers. Computer software includes programs like Word and Excel that tell the computer what to do. A computer takes in data as input, processes it, and produces output. It has four main functional components - input, processing, output, and storage. Computers are now used in many fields like banking, education, hospitals and more due to their speed, large storage capacity, accuracy, reliability, and versatility. However, computers lack decision-making ability and have zero intelligence of their own.
The document provides an overview of computer systems. It defines a computer as an electronic device that can receive and process data according to programmed instructions to produce useful information. It works through an input-process-output cycle, taking in data, manipulating it via the central processing unit (CPU) which contains an arithmetic logic unit and control unit, and outputting the results. The CPU acts as the computer's brain. The document also outlines the basic components of a computer system including input, output, storage, and processing units, as well as characteristics, limitations, applications, and trends in technological convergence.
A computer system consists of four major parts: hardware, software, users, and data. Hardware refers to the physical components of the computer like processors and monitors. Software includes the programmed instructions that tell the computer what tasks to perform. Users are the people who operate computers. Data comprises the individual facts and pieces of information that are processed by the computer system.
A computer is an electronic device that can accept data as input, manipulate the data according to programmed instructions, produce output from the processing, and store results for future use. It consists of a central processing unit (CPU) that interprets and executes instructions, input and output devices to accept and present data, and storage to hold instructions and data. Software programs allow users to operate computers and devices by performing tasks like information processing and managing computer systems and networks. There are application software for tasks and system software to support operations.
There are three main types of processing: batch processing, real-time processing, and online processing. Batch processing involves collecting and processing large amounts of similar data all at once without user input. Real-time processing requires immediate processing of data that cannot wait, like flight bookings. Online processing directly interacts with users as they enter data and receive processed results.
A computer is an electronic machine that can accept data as input, process that data, store the output, and provide results. It performs arithmetic and logical operations and distinguishes itself from a calculator by being able to store and run programs. A computer has input, processing, output, and storage components. It also has hardware, software, and people components. There are different types of computers including analog, digital, microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers.
This document provides an introduction to computer systems. It discusses the main hardware components of a computer system including the central processing unit, primary storage, secondary storage, input devices, output devices, and communication devices. It describes how these components work together and are connected via buses. The document also explains how computers represent and store data using binary digits and coding systems. It provides details on random access memory, read-only memory, and how program instructions are transferred between memory and secondary storage.
The document discusses various applications of computers in different fields such as business, banking, insurance, education, marketing, healthcare, engineering design, military, communication, and government. It provides examples of how computers are used in each field for tasks like payroll calculations, online banking, student performance databases, medical diagnostics, structural engineering, weapon systems, email, and more. The document also compares some similarities between humans and computers in terms of input/output and data storage, processing and retrieval, but notes that computers lack human qualities like emotions, judgment, and independent learning.
A computer is an electronic device that processes data under a set of instructions. Charles Babbage developed the Difference Engine in 1822, considered the first automatic computing engine. A computer consists of both hardware and software: hardware includes physical components like the cabinet and hard drive, while software includes system software, application software, and firmware embedded in hardware. A computer can accept input, store and process data, and provide output. It performs basic operations like arithmetic, logical operations, and data storage and retrieval under the control of the central processing unit.
A computer is an electronic machine that can store, retrieve, and process data according to a set of instructions. It converts raw data into meaningful information. Data refers to unprocessed facts while information is processed data that has meaning. A computer system consists of hardware, software, and liveware that work together. The hardware are the physical parts like the system unit, monitor, keyboard, and mouse. Software includes the programs and applications that make the computer work. Liveware are the computer users. The main components of hardware are the processor, memory, input/output devices, storage, and communication devices. The processor executes instructions and contains the arithmetic logic unit and control unit. Memory temporarily stores data and programs in RAM and permanently stores firmware
Overview of a computer system Introduction This Unit explores the basics of computer systems, their evolution, operation, classification, components etc
INTRODUCTION
Today, almost all of us in the world make use of computers in one way or the other. It finds applications in various fields of education, entertainment, agriculture, engineering, medicine, commercial, research and others.
Not only in these sophisticated areas, but also in our daily lives, computers have become indispensable.
They are present everywhere, in all the devices that we use daily like cars, games, washing machines, microwaves etc. and in day to day computations like banking, reservations, electronic mails, internet and many more.
Saifullah introduces himself as a student of BS Information Technology at Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sanghar campus. He then summarizes some fundamental concepts of computers including:
- What a computer is and examples of hardware and software
- Examples of input, output, storage, and processing
- The different types of computers including analog, digital, and hybrid
- Classifications of computers from micro to mini computers
This document provides an overview of computers and data processing. It discusses what a computer is, the basic components of a computer system including hardware like the CPU, input/output devices, and storage. It describes the three main stages of the data processing cycle: input, process, output. It also discusses different types of data processing like manual and electronic, and classifications of computers according to data handled, purpose, and size. The document is intended to help students in Grade 6 understand basic computer concepts and prepare for an upcoming test on the topic.
This document provides an overview of computers and data processing. It discusses what a computer is, the basic components of a computer system including hardware like the CPU, input/output devices, and storage. It describes the three main stages of the data processing cycle: input, process, output. It also discusses different types of data processing like manual and electronic, and classifications of computers according to data handled, purpose, and size. The document is intended to help students in Grade 6 understand basic computer concepts and prepare for an upcoming test on the topic.
This document discusses different types of computers and input/output devices. It defines basic computer terminology and describes the boot process and how data is processed. It outlines various types of computers including microcomputers, desktops, laptops, workstations, supercomputers, mainframes, servers, and handheld devices. It details common computer components like the system unit, CPU, input devices like keyboards and mice, and output devices such as monitors, printers, and speakers. Peripheral devices are used to expand the input, output, and storage capabilities of computers.
Computers range in size and processing power from personal computers to supercomputers. Personal computers are the smallest and least powerful, used in homes and small businesses, while supercomputers can process very large amounts of information like weather predictions and military simulations. All computers have both hardware, the physical parts like displays and keyboards, and software which are the programs and instructions that allow the computer to perform tasks for users.
Computer is a device that accepts digital data as input, manipulates it based on a program's instructions, and provides processed results as output. It has two main parts: hardware and software. Hardware are the physical and tangible parts like the keyboard, monitor, mouse, and central processing unit. Hardware is divided into input devices to feed data, storage devices to store data, and output devices to display or print data. Software includes the operating system and programs that tell the computer what to do. Common system software includes Windows and Linux, while application software includes programs like Word and Excel.
This document discusses computer programming and the data processing cycle. It explains that data is input, processed using microprocessors, stored for future use or output, and that computers play an important role in making this cycle faster, more accurate, and able to output and share data. While computers provide advantages like speed and accuracy, they also require infrastructure like electricity, maintenance, and staff training. Overall trends have included increasing processing power, storage, and connectivity through networks and distributed systems.
A computer system accepts data as input, processes it, and provides output. It has three main parts: input, process, and output. Input devices like keyboards and sensors collect data which the central processing unit (CPU) transforms into useful information. The CPU follows instructions to process data quickly but cannot think for itself. Output displays the processed information on monitors or prints it out. Computer systems are combinations of hardware and software that link input, processing, and output.
The document provides an introduction to computers, defining a computer as an electronic device that accepts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output. It outlines key computer concepts such as data, information, input/output devices, software/hardware, types of computers, and common uses. The document aims to give the reader a basic overview of what a computer is and its main components.
The document outlines rules for attendance and conduct, then provides an overview of computers. It describes the basic input-process-output model of a computer. Data is input and then processed using arithmetic and logical operations based on a program's instructions. The processed data is then output. The main parts of a computer that enable this include the input and output units, arithmetic logic unit, control unit, and memory. Memory can be primary or secondary. The control unit, arithmetic logic unit, and memory together make up the central processing unit (CPU).
A computer is a combination of hardware and software that processes data into information. Computer hardware refers to the physical components like monitors, keyboards, and speakers. Computer software includes programs like Word and Excel that tell the computer what to do. A computer takes in data as input, processes it, and produces output. It has four main functional components - input, processing, output, and storage. Computers are now used in many fields like banking, education, hospitals and more due to their speed, large storage capacity, accuracy, reliability, and versatility. However, computers lack decision-making ability and have zero intelligence of their own.
The document provides an overview of computer systems. It defines a computer as an electronic device that can receive and process data according to programmed instructions to produce useful information. It works through an input-process-output cycle, taking in data, manipulating it via the central processing unit (CPU) which contains an arithmetic logic unit and control unit, and outputting the results. The CPU acts as the computer's brain. The document also outlines the basic components of a computer system including input, output, storage, and processing units, as well as characteristics, limitations, applications, and trends in technological convergence.
A computer system consists of four major parts: hardware, software, users, and data. Hardware refers to the physical components of the computer like processors and monitors. Software includes the programmed instructions that tell the computer what tasks to perform. Users are the people who operate computers. Data comprises the individual facts and pieces of information that are processed by the computer system.
A computer is an electronic device that can accept data as input, manipulate the data according to programmed instructions, produce output from the processing, and store results for future use. It consists of a central processing unit (CPU) that interprets and executes instructions, input and output devices to accept and present data, and storage to hold instructions and data. Software programs allow users to operate computers and devices by performing tasks like information processing and managing computer systems and networks. There are application software for tasks and system software to support operations.
There are three main types of processing: batch processing, real-time processing, and online processing. Batch processing involves collecting and processing large amounts of similar data all at once without user input. Real-time processing requires immediate processing of data that cannot wait, like flight bookings. Online processing directly interacts with users as they enter data and receive processed results.
A computer is an electronic machine that can accept data as input, process that data, store the output, and provide results. It performs arithmetic and logical operations and distinguishes itself from a calculator by being able to store and run programs. A computer has input, processing, output, and storage components. It also has hardware, software, and people components. There are different types of computers including analog, digital, microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers.
This document provides an introduction to computer systems. It discusses the main hardware components of a computer system including the central processing unit, primary storage, secondary storage, input devices, output devices, and communication devices. It describes how these components work together and are connected via buses. The document also explains how computers represent and store data using binary digits and coding systems. It provides details on random access memory, read-only memory, and how program instructions are transferred between memory and secondary storage.
The document discusses various applications of computers in different fields such as business, banking, insurance, education, marketing, healthcare, engineering design, military, communication, and government. It provides examples of how computers are used in each field for tasks like payroll calculations, online banking, student performance databases, medical diagnostics, structural engineering, weapon systems, email, and more. The document also compares some similarities between humans and computers in terms of input/output and data storage, processing and retrieval, but notes that computers lack human qualities like emotions, judgment, and independent learning.
A computer is an electronic device that processes data under a set of instructions. Charles Babbage developed the Difference Engine in 1822, considered the first automatic computing engine. A computer consists of both hardware and software: hardware includes physical components like the cabinet and hard drive, while software includes system software, application software, and firmware embedded in hardware. A computer can accept input, store and process data, and provide output. It performs basic operations like arithmetic, logical operations, and data storage and retrieval under the control of the central processing unit.
A computer is an electronic machine that can store, retrieve, and process data according to a set of instructions. It converts raw data into meaningful information. Data refers to unprocessed facts while information is processed data that has meaning. A computer system consists of hardware, software, and liveware that work together. The hardware are the physical parts like the system unit, monitor, keyboard, and mouse. Software includes the programs and applications that make the computer work. Liveware are the computer users. The main components of hardware are the processor, memory, input/output devices, storage, and communication devices. The processor executes instructions and contains the arithmetic logic unit and control unit. Memory temporarily stores data and programs in RAM and permanently stores firmware
Overview of a computer system Introduction This Unit explores the basics of computer systems, their evolution, operation, classification, components etc
INTRODUCTION
Today, almost all of us in the world make use of computers in one way or the other. It finds applications in various fields of education, entertainment, agriculture, engineering, medicine, commercial, research and others.
Not only in these sophisticated areas, but also in our daily lives, computers have become indispensable.
They are present everywhere, in all the devices that we use daily like cars, games, washing machines, microwaves etc. and in day to day computations like banking, reservations, electronic mails, internet and many more.
Saifullah introduces himself as a student of BS Information Technology at Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sanghar campus. He then summarizes some fundamental concepts of computers including:
- What a computer is and examples of hardware and software
- Examples of input, output, storage, and processing
- The different types of computers including analog, digital, and hybrid
- Classifications of computers from micro to mini computers
This document provides an overview of computers and data processing. It discusses what a computer is, the basic components of a computer system including hardware like the CPU, input/output devices, and storage. It describes the three main stages of the data processing cycle: input, process, output. It also discusses different types of data processing like manual and electronic, and classifications of computers according to data handled, purpose, and size. The document is intended to help students in Grade 6 understand basic computer concepts and prepare for an upcoming test on the topic.
This document provides an overview of computers and data processing. It discusses what a computer is, the basic components of a computer system including hardware like the CPU, input/output devices, and storage. It describes the three main stages of the data processing cycle: input, process, output. It also discusses different types of data processing like manual and electronic, and classifications of computers according to data handled, purpose, and size. The document is intended to help students in Grade 6 understand basic computer concepts and prepare for an upcoming test on the topic.
This document provides an overview of computers and data processing. It discusses what a computer is, the components of a computer system including hardware like the CPU, input/output devices, and storage. It describes the cycle of data processing as input, process, output. It discusses different types of data processing such as manual, mechanical, and electronic. It also categorizes computers based on the data they handle, their purpose, and size. The document is intended to help students in Grade 6 understand basic concepts about computers as outlined in their coverage for an upcoming test.
This document provides an overview of computers and data processing. It discusses what a computer is, the components of a computer system including hardware like the CPU, input/output devices, and storage. It describes the cycle of data processing as input, process, output. It discusses different types of data processing like manual and electronic. It classifies computers according to the data they handle, their purpose, and size. The document is intended to help students in Grade 6 prepare for an upcoming test by studying key concepts about computers and data processing.
The document provides information about a lecturer named Zaipul Anwar Bin Zainu din who teaches at the Institute of Product Design & Manufacturing, Universiti Kuala Lumpur. It includes details about the lecturer's contact information, subjects taught, course objectives and assessments, and an introduction to basic computer hardware, software, and networking topics covered in the course.
A computer is an electronic device that can accept data as input, process the data, store the results, and provide output based on the processing. It consists of hardware components like input devices, a processor unit with a central processing unit and memory, output devices, and storage units. Computer software includes system software like operating systems that control the computer's operations and application software that allows users to perform tasks like word processing, spreadsheet calculations, graphics, and database management. Computers are classified based on their size, speed, and capabilities into categories like microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers.
The document defines a computer as an electronic device that performs calculations and processes instructions provided by software or hardware programs. It discusses the key elements that make up a computer system including hardware, software, people, procedures, and data. Specifically, it outlines the main hardware components like the CPU, memory units, and peripheral devices. It also differentiates between input and output devices and describes the roles of software, people interacting with the system, and procedures used to instruct the computer.
This document provides an introduction to computers, including definitions of key concepts like data, information, and computer components. It discusses how computers accept data as input, process it, and provide output. The main components of a computer are described as the input and output devices, CPU (which has the ALU, memory, and control unit), and storage. Computers are classified based on their functionality in handling analog vs. digital data or their purpose as general purpose or special purpose machines. They are also classified by speed and size, with supercomputers being the largest and fastest.
Information systems and its components 1Ashish Desai
The document discusses various components of information systems including:
- Information which is processed data that has meaning
- Systems which take inputs, process them, and produce outputs
- Information systems which combine people, hardware, software, and networks to transform data into information products
It then describes key elements of information systems such as input/output devices, data storage, databases, database models including hierarchical, network, relational and object oriented models. Networking concepts like protocols and topologies are also covered at a high level.
Information systems are computer-based systems that collect, process, store, and distribute data to support decision making and control in organizations. They include hardware, software, databases, telecommunications networks, procedures, and people. There are different types of information systems like operational support systems, management support systems, and strategic information systems that support various business functions such as accounting, finance, marketing, sales, production, logistics, and human resource management. Information technology applications are important components of computer-based information systems and include system software, applications software, databases, networks, and procedures for using these systems.
This document provides an introduction to computers and their components. It defines what a computer is and explains that it consists of input, processing, output and storage devices. It describes common input devices like keyboards and mice and output devices like monitors and printers. It then explains the different types of computers from microcomputers to mainframes and supercomputers. It discusses the internal components of a computer including the CPU, memory and storage devices. Finally, it outlines some common uses of computers and provides a brief history.
This document provides an introduction to computers and their components. It defines a computer as an electronic device that accepts user input, processes it, produces output, and stores results. The main components of a computer are described as the central processing unit (CPU), memory unit, and input/output devices. The CPU is said to be the brain and control center, and has three main components - the control unit, arithmetic logic unit, and memory unit. The control unit controls all computer activities and processes, while the ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations on data. The memory unit is the computer's storage and comes in primary and secondary types.
Samacheer kalvi 11th standard volume 1Vinoth Kanna
The document provides information about computers and their components. It defines a computer as an electronic machine that accepts data from the user, processes it, and generates output. The main components of a CPU are the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and control unit. The ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations on data, while the control unit controls instruction execution, data flow, and timing. Memory is used to store the data and instructions needed by the CPU and comes in primary forms like RAM and ROM, as well as secondary storage like hard disks. Input devices provide data to the computer and output devices receive processed data from the computer.
This document provides an overview of computers including:
- Definitions of a computer as an electronic device that takes input, processes it, and produces output under the control of stored instructions.
- The main parts of a computer are the input, processing, output, and storage. Input devices take in data, the CPU processes it, output devices share the results, and storage holds data and instructions.
- The components that make up a computer system are input devices, the CPU, output devices, memory, and storage. Input devices take in data, the CPU processes it, and output devices share the results while memory and storage hold data and programs.
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A computer is an electronic device that can accept data as input, process that data, and output information. It consists of hardware components like a central processing unit, memory, storage devices, and input/output components. Software in the form of operating systems and applications controls the functions of the computer hardware and allows it to perform tasks for users. Common uses of computers include word processing, data analysis, accounting, design, and entertainment.
The document provides information about computers and their basic components. It states that a computer is an electronic device that can accept data as input, process it according to stored instructions, produce output, and store information for future use. The basic parts of a computer are the input unit, output unit, control unit, arithmetic logic unit, and memory. The input unit allows data and instructions to be entered, the output unit provides information to the user, the control unit controls all functions, the arithmetic logic unit performs calculations, and memory stores programs and data. Hardware refers to the physical and tangible parts of a computer while software refers to the instructions that tell the computer what to do.
This document provides an introduction to computer systems. It defines a computer as a machine that can be programmed to accept data as input, process it, and provide useful information as output. It describes the information processing cycle as a 4-step process that converts data into information. It also outlines the basic components of a computer system including hardware, software, data, information, and users. The document discusses the different types of computers and defines the basic components and functions of the central processing unit.
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3 Examples of new capital gains taxes in CanadaLakshay Gandhi
Stay informed about capital gains taxes in Canada with our detailed guide featuring three illustrative examples. Learn what capital gains taxes are and how they work, including how much you pay based on federal and provincial rates. Understand the combined tax rates to see your overall tax liability. Examine specific scenarios with capital gains of $500k and $1M, both before and after recent tax changes. These examples highlight the impact of new regulations and help you navigate your tax obligations effectively. Optimize your financial planning with these essential insights!
💼 Dive into the intricacies of capital gains taxes in Canada with this insightful video! Learn through three detailed examples how these taxes work and how recent changes might impact you.
❓ What are capital gains taxes? Understand the basics of capital gains taxes and why they matter for your investments.
💸 How much taxes do I pay? Discover how the amount of tax you owe is calculated based on your capital gains.
📊 Federal tax rates: Explore the federal tax rates applicable to capital gains in Canada.
🏢 Provincial tax rates: Learn about the varying provincial tax rates and how they affect your overall tax bill.
⚖️ Combined tax rates: See how federal and provincial tax rates combine to determine your total tax obligation.
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2. GENERAL INTRODUCTION
The word ‘computer’ has been derived from the Latin word
‘computerae’ meaning ‘to compute’.
A computer is a man made electronic machine which
stores, reads and processes data to produce meaningful
information as output.
Actually, a computer is a collection of hardware and
software components that helps us to accomplish many
different tasks.
KRISHNA JANI
3. HARDWARE
Hardware consists of computer itself and includes
A CPU
A Monitor
A Keyboard
A Mouse
And any equipment connected to it.
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8. HUMAN V/S COMPUTER
Human Being Computer
Slow in Calculation Do complex calculations in seconds
Cannot remember lots of things at
one time
Can store and remember a large
amount of information at one time
Can make mistakes Do not make mistakes
Have feelings Do not have feelings
Can think Cannot think
Get tired if they work for long
hours
Never get tired
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9. ELEMENTARY WORDS RELATED TO
COMPUTER
Data
Numeric
Data
Alphabetic
Data
Alphanumeric
Data
Information
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10. ……CONTINUE
Data :
Data is information required by the computer to be able to operate
or to put it the other way we put into the computer is called Data. It is a
collection of unprocessed items and combination of characters, numbers
and symbols collected for a specific purpose.
Numeric data
Numeric data consists of ten digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9.This
data includes decimal number system, binary number system ,octal
number system and hexadecimal number system.
e.g . Exam score, bank balance , pin-code
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11. ……CONTINUE
Alphabetic Data
alphabetic data is used to represent 26 alphabets. It consist of
capital letters from ‘A to Z ‘, small letters from ‘a to z’ and blank space. It is also
called non-numeric data.
e.g. Name.
Alphanumeric Data
Alphanumeric data is used to represent alphabetic data ,
numeric data , special characters and symbols.
e.g. password , email-id
Information
Information is well organized data which we get after processing
of data and it helps in decision making. It is processed data that is organized ,
meaningful and useful .
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12. CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER
Speed : A computer is a very fast and accurate device. It
takes only few seconds to process the instructions for
which we take hours to complete.
Processing speed :- Bank , stores , stock exchange , reservation
Accuracy and Reliability
Errors are caused by humans , not by computers.
High Storage Capacity
storing enormous amounts of data that must be located and
retrieved very quickly.
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13. ……CONTINUE
Automation
Once a process has been initiated, it is capable of functioning
automatically.
Diligence
It is capable of operating at exactly the same level od speed and
accuracy even if it has to carry out most voluminous and complex operation
for a long period of time.
Versatility
The wide use of computer is used in so many areas.
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14. USES OF COMPUTER
Entertainment or
Recreation
Education
Banks
Railway Stations and
Airport
Medical Science
Business
Defence
Designing
Scientific Research
Administration
Publication
Communication
15. LIMITATION OF COMPUTER
Lack of Intelligence
(Programmed by Human)
Cannot think
Prone to virus
Depends on Electricity
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18. DATA PROSSESING
In the past , manual techniques used for collecting ,
manipulating and distributing data to achieve certain
objectives , were known as Data Processing .
As technology advances , computers are used to achieve
results accomplished by humans and machines.
The major objective of data processing is to get the desired
information from any row data.
This helps in decision making.
Processing involves transforming input into output.
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19. COMPUTER SYSTEM
A group of equipment put together to process a data is called
a computer system.A computer consists of several components to
achieve electronic data processing.
Input Units
which accept data from user and transmit it to the
central processing .
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
is the brain of the computer . CPU is the unit where
most calculations take place.
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21. ……CONTINUE
Fetch the instruction
CPU fetches the instruction from main memory.
Decode the instruction
The instruction decoder interprets instructions.Address of the
instruction read from main memory to be processed and then
placed into data register.
Execute the instruction
The control unit passes the decoded information as a sequence of
control signals to the relevant function unit.
Store Result
The result generated by the operation is stored in the main
memory or sent to an output device .
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22. MAIN COMPONENTS OF CPU
Arithmetic Logic
Unit
Control Unit
Main Memory
Output UnitInput Unit
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23. .......CONTINUE
There are two main components of CPU
ALU ( Arithmetic Logic Unit)
It performs all arithmetic operations and decision making
operations.
DataTransfer : includes moving of data from one location to
another within the computer .
Arithmetic Operation : includes addition , subtraction ,
multiplication and division etc.
Decision Making
It is an ability to compare two quantities and perform
logical operations such as compare , true or false etc.
Control Unit : It extracts instructions from memory and execute
them , calling on the ALU , when needed.
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24. FUNCTIONS OF CONTROL UNIT
Control Flow of Data
From input devices to memory
From memory to output devices or secondary Storage
From ALU to memory
From memory to ALU
Co-ordinates instructions execution
Fetch the instruction
Decode the instruction
Execute the instruction
Output Units
Devices which accept information from CPU and convert it to
human readable form .e.g receipt from printer
KRISHNA JANI