This document discusses how human desires can be fulfilled through supportive social systems and how governments can support these systems. The core human desires are to experience love through family, gain material goods through the economy, achieve social status through civil society, gain knowledge through education, and worship through religion. Fulfilling these desires leads to happiness. However, certain crimes like adultery, theft, corruption can undermine these systems and lead to unhappiness. The document recommends governments establish policies to protect families, private property, civil liberties, independent education and religious freedom to support long-term happiness.
The slides discuss the basic idea about public policy, types of policies, nature of public policy, forms of policies and models/ approaches of the public policies.
The slides discuss the basic idea about public policy, types of policies, nature of public policy, forms of policies and models/ approaches of the public policies.
REDD policymaking in Nepal: business as usual or transformational change?CIFOR-ICRAF
Nepal is recognised for its participatory conservation and community-based forest governance policies and programs. But in recent years, government officials and forestry bureaucrats have attempted to restrict the autonomy of forest communities and capture more economic value from forests. This presentation examines whether the current process of REDD policy formation – and the actors involved – will reinforce existing centralised forest governance, or forge more cooperative institutions capable of producing effective, cost-efficient and equitable outcomes for REDD.
Bryan Bushley, of the University of Hawaii and East-West Center, gave this presentation on 18 June 2012 at a panel discussion organised by CIFOR and partners at the ISEE 2012 Conference at Rio, which convened under the topic "Ecological Economics and Rio+20: Challenges and Contributions for a Green Economy". The panel was titled ‘National strategies for reducing emissions from avoided deforestation and degradation – how much transformational change is possible in current political and economic realities? Part II – A policy network perspective’. The research forming the basis of this presentation was conducted collaboratively with Dil Bahadur Khatri and others at ForestAction Nepal.
REDD policymaking in Nepal: business as usual or transformational change?CIFOR-ICRAF
Nepal is recognised for its participatory conservation and community-based forest governance policies and programs. But in recent years, government officials and forestry bureaucrats have attempted to restrict the autonomy of forest communities and capture more economic value from forests. This presentation examines whether the current process of REDD policy formation – and the actors involved – will reinforce existing centralised forest governance, or forge more cooperative institutions capable of producing effective, cost-efficient and equitable outcomes for REDD.
Bryan Bushley, of the University of Hawaii and East-West Center, gave this presentation on 18 June 2012 at a panel discussion organised by CIFOR and partners at the ISEE 2012 Conference at Rio, which convened under the topic "Ecological Economics and Rio+20: Challenges and Contributions for a Green Economy". The panel was titled ‘National strategies for reducing emissions from avoided deforestation and degradation – how much transformational change is possible in current political and economic realities? Part II – A policy network perspective’. The research forming the basis of this presentation was conducted collaboratively with Dil Bahadur Khatri and others at ForestAction Nepal.
Good Governance : Origin, concepts and componentsNayana Renukumar
The presentation speaks about the origin of Good Governance, its major definitions, key components and strategies. The presentations also dwells upon the Good Governance scenario in India as well that in the state of Andhra Pradesh
Christianity and Social Justice: exploring the meaning of welfare reformCitizen Network
This presentation was given to the Archbishop of York and to bishops from the North East of England and Yorkshire. It explores the current crisis in the welfare state in the UK, the myths that dominate thinking and outlines the Christian case for some new and deeper thinking about the purpose and design of the welfare state.
social institutions and educational
institutions religious institutions.
how a baby grows up in a society and personality development
function of religion economic institutions functions of economic institutions
Democracies remain healthy based on their citizens following certain core principles based around individual responsibility. However, when one looks at democracies around the world, they almost all seem to be going further and further into debt, and ever increasing numbers of citizens are finding it hard to enjoy the immense benefits that democracy brings. In this lecture we look at the decline of democracies. We also look at how the growing acceptance of ideas espoused by atheistic socialism are undermining democratic states - seeking to bring in an age where democracies always have a left leaning bias - even if it leads to poor outcomes for democracy in general.
CSCR Community Track #2: Community Resilience: Elan Shapiro and Eldred Harris...Sustainable Tompkins
Climate Smart & Climate Ready Conference Community Track #2 on April 20, 2013 at Tompkins County Public Library in Ithaca, NY. Elan Shapiro and Eldred Harris, Building Bridges. Community Resilience: Developing an Inclusive and Regenerative Strategy.
family as a social institution, Government as a social institution, educational institute as a social institution , economy as a social institution , religion as a social institution
In order to have citizens capable of creating peace in the world, we need stable families that instill values and capacities for peacebuilding. Marriage and the family serve a unique and essential purpose for optimum human development. Research is showing that straying from that purpose weakens the family, increasing disadvantages for the next generation and the future. Clarifying the value of the family will help us strengthen this essential building block of peace.
Observances by the Universal Peace Federation and partner organizations of World Interfaith Harmony Week 2013
World peace can be fully accomplished only when the wisdom and efforts of the world’s religious leaders are combined cooperatively and respectfully with the endeavors of national political leaders. Absent the recognition of spiritual principles, the world has drifted increasingly toward analyses and prescriptions that are materialistic and secular in nature. In so doing, we have lost sight of the profound wisdom to be found in humanity’s spiritual heritage.
Global institutions must be built on a foundation that takes into
Observances of UN International Women's Day 2011
The Universal Peace Federation upholds the essential value and central role of women in peacebuilding and human development.
UPF affirms the need for women to serve in leadership positions throughout the world in all sectors of society.
UPF recognizes the equal value of men and women. Their absolute value derives from a common origin, God. God is the origin of both men and women, and all of God’s creation manifests complementary masculine and feminine aspects.
Men and women are extensions and manifestations of God’s harmonious masculinity and femininity. The complementary relationship between men and women expresses the wholeness of human experience. Thus, there should be no gender discrimination but rather harmony of the sexes through love.
Throughout history, women have taken the leading role in cultivating families as the dwelling places of peace, love, and health in shaping the individual character of children, and in fostering harmonious social relationships. In the family, both father and mother are equally entitled to reverence and honor. The path toward establishing global peace begins with strengthening families.
The ideal of peace is at the core of all religions. Through dialogue and mutual understanding, there can be peace among religions, and peace among religions is a necessary prerequisite for world peace. Women can and should play a central role in promoting interfaith understanding and cooperation.
UPF emphasizes the essential importance of women in addressing issues of peace and development in all sectors, including politics, business, culture, and religion. Women must be encouraged and empowered to assume leadership roles in the resolution of conflict, peacebuilding, and sustainable development.
UPF supports the achievement of the United Nations' Millennium Development Goals, which include improved status, education, health, and physical well-being of women. Six of these eight goals are related to women; therefore, by uplifting the condition of women, the Millennium Development Goals will be advanced.
Highlights of the Universal Peace Federation's activities around the world in 2014.
On local, national, and global levels, interreligious councils provide a platform for people of diverse faiths to contribute their wisdom and work effectively for peace alongside representatives of government, business, and civil society.
UPF acknowledges the need for careful and measurable use of enforcement such as political, military, and civil power to sustain lasting peace. At the same time we strongly emphasize the pursuit of internal solutions that are essential to peacebuilding. UPF has been a leading exponent of “track two” diplomacy, with particular emphasis on the role and responsibility of religious and spiritual leaders to transcend historical self-interest and pursue the ideal of “One family under God.”
UPF is an NGO in Special Consultative Status with the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations. We support and promote the work of the United Nations and the achievement of sustainable development goals.
Marriage, parenting, and the family are the foundations of sustainable human development and the building blocks of society. Educational programs present the personal and social benefits of marriage, promote a marriage-friendly culture, teach relationship skills, and encourage spiritual growth through relationships.
UPF's leadership conferences and seminars focus on the urgent need for new vision and leadership based on core values and universal principles of peacebuilding.
Service-learning programs bring together youth from different cultures and religions in order to promote mutual understanding and respect. Participants serve a community in need, visit religious and historic sites, and learn communication and team-building skills.
Observances of the UN International Day of Peace, September 21, 2014 organized by the Universal Peace Federation in Albania, Argentina, Australia, Azerbaijan, Benin, Bolivia, Cambodia, Canada, Central African Republic, Colombia, Costa Rica, Denmark, DR Congo, Ecuador, Estonia, France, Gabon, Germany, Iceland, Indonesia, Israel, Italy, Japan, LIthuania, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Moldova, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Russia, San Marino, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Trinidad & Tobago, and the US.
The theme for the International Day of Peace 2014 was "The Rights of Peoples to Peace."
Along with human rights, there are human responsibilities. In order for human rights to be honored, respected and practiced, each individual should appreciate and practice his or her own portion of responsibilities. Likewise, in order for "we the peoples" to enjoy the "right of peace" it is necessary for each of us to work to build a world of peace, that is, a world of mutual respect and cooperation that goes beyond barriers of religion, ethnicity, culture and nationality.
Marriage and family are the fundamental building blocks of society. When the family is healthy and stable, society becomes healthy and stable. When husband and wife love and respect one another, fully appreciative each one's value and each one's dignity, then respect for rights naturally follow. The family is the school of ethics and, in this capacity, the school of human rights. Through good parenting practices that underscore the value, dignity and rights of each and every human being, we move the world toward peace, one family at a time.
For many people of faith, human rights have their root and origin in our Creator. There are compelling arguments to suggest that the largely secularized understanding of human rights has its foundation in spiritual and religious understandings of human beings as inherently sacred, and each one equally valuable.
Universal Peace Federation's World Summit 2014, Seoul, Korea, August 9-13, 2014 on "Peace, Security and Development" with sessions on the Americas, Europe and Eurasia, the Middle East and Africa, the Asia-Pacific region, and the relevance of religion for peace and development.
The Universal Peace Federation and its global network of Ambassadors for Peace bring universal, spiritual principles to the task of resolving conflict and reconciling the divided human family. International Leadership Conferences, symposia and peace councils offer opportunities for high-level consultations. These are complemented by "track II" diplomacy and grass-roots programs that build support for a culture of peace.
World peace can be fully accomplished only when the wisdom and efforts of the world’s religious leaders are combined cooperatively and respectfully with the endeavors of national political leaders. Absent the recognition of spiritual principles, the world has drifted increasingly toward analyses and prescriptions that are materialistic and secular in nature. In so doing, we have lost sight of the profound wisdom to be found in humanity’s spiritual heritage.
Global institutions must be built on a foundation that takes into account the full potential of the human being, not only as a political, economic, and social being, but also as a spiritual being with spiritual needs and a capacity for spiritual wisdom and insight. The legacy of the world’s great saints, prophets, sages, and spiritual leaders cannot be denied or discounted without ignoring what is most fundamental about the human being.
In too many ways the history of religion has been marked by narrow sectarianism, strife, and competitive struggle with other faiths, all to the detriment of the cherished goals and teachings of the founders and scriptures. This cannot continue. The need to eliminate corruption, selfishness, and bad governance applies not only to all nations but also to all of the world’s religions.
Lasting peace depends on cooperative partnerships between governments and religions, as well as NGOs and representatives of the private sector. The United Nations can benefit from a council of religious and spiritual leaders to bring broad vision and wisdom to the effort to address critical global problems. International conferences, publications, networking, and on-the-ground activism are mechanisms for interfaith cooperation and lay a foundation for spiritual renewal at the United Nations.
A handbook for Universal Peace Federation Ambassadors for Peace. The Universal Peace Federation is a global network of individuals and organizations dedicated to building a world of peace centered on universal spiritual and moral values along with principles of good governance. See www.upf.org
Executive report of a Universal Peace Federation conference in Jerusalem, Dec. 19-22, 2013, on "Interreligious and International Relations in the Middle East: Toward Peace and Stability," by Dr. Nurit Hirschfeld, Director, Jerusalem Forum for Interfaith and Cooperation among Religions
An overview of the vision in the US and Russia for a Bering Strait Crossing going back more than 100 years, including adventurous swimmers and kiteboarders, engineering challenges, architectural concept drawings, and comparisons with notable canals, tunnels, and transcontinental railway systems that have transformed commerce, transportation, history and culture.
Observances of the UN International Day of Families, May 15, 2014, with the theme "Families Matter for the Achievement of Development Goals."
The Universal Peace Federation affirms the value of the family as the core unit of society. The family has formed the basis for communities, societies and civilizations throughout the ages. Virtually all the world’s religions teach the sacred value of marriage and family. The family is the school of love. It is also the school of virtue, ethics and citizenship.
The cohesion and stability of the family are prerequisites for a healthy and stable society. Conversely, the breakdown of the family contributes to a wide range of social problems. By strengthening the family, we can build a stronger base of social capital that will enhance the overall quality of life for everyone.
The natural family is grounded in marriage, the cornerstone of the family. Children benefit from having loving parents, a mother and father, who are committed to the well-being of their sons and daughters. There is no greater joy and no greater responsibility than that of raising boys and girls to become mature, socially-engaged and successful men and women. This is the role and responsibility of parents and grandparents.
Traditional marriage and family are being challenged in a variety of ways at this time in history, by poverty, migration, displacement, urbanization, conflict, disease, etc. In addition, some question the value of traditional marriage and family. Others seek to redefine them. Despite these challenges, men and women the world over still aspire to build strong, loving, lasting marriages and, as parents, to raise children who prosper and flourish.
An overview of the work of the Universal Peace Federation, with a special focus on the Americas.
On local, national, and global levels, interreligious councils provide a platform for people of diverse faiths to contribute their wisdom and work effectively for peace alongside representatives of government, business, and civil society.
UPF acknowledges the need for careful and measurable use of enforcement such as political, military, and civil power to sustain lasting peace. At the same time we strongly emphasize the pursuit of internal solutions that are essential to peacebuilding. UPF has been a leading exponent of “track two” diplomacy, with particular emphasis on the role and responsibility of religious and spiritual leaders to transcend historical self-interest and pursue the ideal of “One family under God.”
UPF is an NGO in Special Consultative Status with the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations. We support and promote the work of the United Nations and the achievement of sustainable development goals.
Marriage, parenting, and the family are the foundations of sustainable human development and the building blocks of society. Educational programs present the personal and social benefits of marriage, promote a marriage-friendly culture, teach relationship skills, and encourage spiritual growth through relationships.
UPF's leadership conferences and seminars focus on the urgent need for new vision and leadership based on core values and universal principles of peacebuilding.
Service-learning programs bring together youth from different cultures and religions in order to promote mutual understanding and respect. Participants serve a community in need, visit religious and historic sites, and learn communication and team-building skills.
Service-learning projects of the Universal Peace Federation in 2013 in Estonia, Georgia, India, Israel, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, Thailand, and the US. Through living together and providing altruistic service in a community, participants demonstrate that it is possible for our global human family to come together in peace for our mutual well being.
The Universal Peace Federation upholds the essential value and central role of women in peacebuilding and human development.
UPF affirms the need for women to serve in leadership positions throughout the world in all sectors of society.
UPF recognizes the equal value of men and women. Their absolute value derives from a common origin, God. God is the origin of both men and women, and all of God’s creation manifests complementary masculine and feminine aspects.
Men and women are extensions and manifestations of God’s harmonious masculinity and femininity. The complementary relationship between men and women expresses the wholeness of human experience. Thus, there should be no gender discrimination but rather harmony of the sexes through love.
Throughout history, women have taken the leading role in cultivating families as the dwelling places of peace, love, and health in shaping the individual character of children, and in fostering harmonious social relationships. In the family, both father and mother are equally entitled to reverence and honor. The path toward establishing global peace begins with strengthening families.
The ideal of peace is at the core of all religions. Through dialogue and mutual understanding, there can be peace among religions, and peace among religions is a necessary prerequisite for world peace. Women can and should play a central role in promoting interfaith understanding and cooperation.
UPF emphasizes the essential importance of women in addressing issues of peace and development in all sectors, including politics, business, culture, and religion. Women must be encouraged and empowered to assume leadership roles in the resolution of conflict, peacebuilding, and sustainable development.
UPF supports the achievement of the United Nations' Millennium Development Goals, which include improved status, education, health, and physical well-being of women. Six of these eight goals are related to women; therefore, by uplifting the condition of women, the Millennium Development Goals will be advanced.
More from Universal Peace Federation International (20)
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
4. What Do All People Want?
In view of the fact that all knowledge and
every pursuit aims at some good, what is
the highest of all goods achievable by
action? Verbally there is very general
agreement; for both the general run of
men and people of superior refinement it is
happiness; they identify living well and
doing well with being happy.
Aristotle
5. People Are Social Beings.
"It would be strange to represent
the supremely happy man as a
recluse. No one would choose to
have all possible good things on
the condition that he must enjoy
them alone; for man is a social
being and one whose nature is to
live with others; accordingly the
happy man must have society, for
then he has everything that is
naturally good."
Aristotle
6. How Is Happiness Attained?
When our desires are fulfilled. For example:
Hunger > eating food > satisfaction
Missing someone > seeing them > warm
relationships
7. Cautions
Some desires are unrealistic.
Some desires are immature.
Some desires are excessive.
Some desires are wrong.
Therefore, focusing only on desires leads
to unhappiness.
8. Religions Recognize This.
Christianity – “Wretched man that I am!” (St.
Paul)
Judaism – “The heart is corrupt.” (Jeremiah)
Buddhism - All suffering is caused by craving
and focusing on extinguishing cravings.
Paradox: The fulfillment of desire can lead to
both happiness and suffering.
Therefore, desires need to be channeled and
controlled so their fulfillment brings happiness
and not suffering.
9. Core Desires
To eat, sleep, and have a home
To experience love
To achieve social position or authority
To gain knowledge and skills
To worship
10. Supportive Structures to
Satisfy Desires
SUPPORTIVE SOCIAL
DESIRE
SYSTEM
To experience love Family
For material things Economy
For position and authority Civil society, politics
For knowledge and skills Education
To worship Religion
11. Core Purposes of Government
Defense
To protect a country from invasion which
would destroy people’s way of life and
prevent them from being happy
Justice
To maintain the laws necessary to create a
realm of freedom in which people can live a
moral and meaningful life and thus be happy
and fulfilled
13. Family as the Locus of
Meaning
Dwelling place of God:
“The family that prays
together stays
together.”
Cultivating the spiritual
life creates hope for
the future.
Enduring relationships
give meaning.
Family offers reasons Shabbat prayer
to live and multiply.
14. Family as the School of Love
Place for love between
husband and wife
Reproduction and love
between parents and
children
Socialization and
education into the
manners, customs, and
traditions of one’s
community
Transmission of culture
and the good way of life
15. Family as the Cradle of
Culture
“By far the most important
channel of transmission of culture
remains the family; and when
family life fails to play its part, we
must expect our culture to
deteriorate.”
T.S. Elliot: Notes towards the Definition of Culture, 1948
16. Family as a Key Economic
Unit
Members work together
to create wealth to
support the family and
community.
Develops a sense of
responsible ownership.
Encourages creativity.
Teaches a culture of
giving and sharing.
18. Crimes against the Family
Adultery: the chief cause of divorce and family
break up
Unmarried mothers: every child has the right to
a mother and a father
Child neglect and abuse
(especially common among step-families)
Neglect of parents and grandparents
Caution: Government should not supplant the role
of the family in education, health, welfare, and
finances.
19. Helpful Government Policies
Laws that protect family and marriage
Tax system that favors marriage and children
Inheritance laws that favor the build up of
generational wealth and responsibility
Cautions:
Social security system should not subsidize
unmarried mothers.
Social services are best provided by the
voluntary sector.
20. The Family and Society
Familial collapse leads to social collapse.
Society is more than families; it includes social structures
and institutions
Distinctions between family and society:
The family is based on affection and forgiveness.
Society based on justice.
Cautions:
Narrow affection in social relations > corruption
(nepotism)
Legalism in family relations > can hurt people’s hearts
21. The Family and Society
Society is an expansion of the family.
However, affection declines as distance increases.
Cautions: what happens when resources are scarce?
People are less generous, especially to those who
are not part of their family.
Scarcity of desirable goods leads to destructive
conflict.
Therefore, a framework of commonly accepted rules
is needed.
23. Respect for Ownership
Relationship between people and
possessions:
Ownership of property as a social
convention
Resolves disputes
Ensures stability of possession
24. Transfer of Ownership
Rights over goods can be transferred by consent.
Can give things to someone.
Can sell things to someone.
Markets: Where ownership is transferred by exchange
Origin of money: Convenient unit of exchange
Division of labor and specialization
Cautions:
Freedom should be accompanied by
responsibility.
Freedom should be exercised within the bounds
of the law.
25. Performance of Promises
“My word is my bond.”
Society as moral
Self-limitation - don’t be greedy
Natural, rational expectations
Trust people including strangers
Enables free trade between strangers
26. Economic Crimes
Theft, robbery, stealing, fraud
Denial of private property - nationalization
without compensation
Unreasonable and punitive taxation
Reneging on agreements - not paying
salaries or invoices
Breaking promises
27. Helpful Government Policies
Establish and maintain a simple legal
framework for the free market.
Set up laws regarding contracts and
guarding against theft and fraud.
Maintain an independent judiciary.
Keep central banks independent.
Limit taxation.
Minimize bureaucracy and corruption.
28. 2 Incompatible Syndromes
Commercial moral syndrome Guardian moral syndrome
Shun force Shun trading
Voluntary agreements Exert prowess
Be honest Be obedient and disciplined
Collaborate with strangers Be exclusive
Compete Respect hierarchy
Respect contracts Be loyal
Use initiative and enterprise Adhere to tradition
Be open to novelty Treasure honor
Be efficient Be ostentatious
Promote convenience Enjoy leisure
Dissent for the task Deceive to achieve tasks
Invest for productivity Take vengeance
Be industrious Show fortitude
Be thrifty Dispense largesse
Be optimistic Be fatalistic
30. Civil Society
Offers opportunities for people to make a difference and
offer a unique contribution.
Includes many types of institutions:
Politics, businesses, charities, local government, religion, schools,
hospitals, etc.
Abides by laws.
Allows for freedom of speech, movement, living, career,
Honors people based on merit.
31. Crimes against Civil Society
Achieving position illegitimately
Murder, coups
Nepotism
Cronyism
Corruption, bribery
Discrimination in the public sector
Totalitarianism
32. Helpful Government Policies
Maintain an independent judiciary.
Maintain roads, electricity, water supply,
sewers.
Provide for national defense.
Offer a safety net.
Caution: Government should protect people’s
way of life but not engage in social
engineering.
34. What Is Education?
Transaction between the generations
that initiates children into the world
which they are to inhabit
Transfer of knowledge and skills
Most fundamentally, learning to live
humanly
35. Two Types of Education
Education at home:
How to behave
How to live a spiritual life
How to think, but not what to think or believe
Skills such as swimming, gardening, house
maintenance, money management
Education at school:
History, literature, language, religion
Specialized knowledge and skills
More complex thinking
36. Educational Crimes
Failing to pass on the wisdom of the ages
Dumbing down information
Indoctrinating students
Graduating students who lack
qualifications and skills
Giving information without values,
purpose, or meaning
37. Helpful Government Policies
Independent and self-governing, not
controlled by the state
Financed by fees, scholarships, vouchers
Free to specialize and set curricula
Not for indoctrination - religious or political
Prepare students for exams set by
universities and other professional bodies
39. Realm of Religion
Acknowledgement of dependence on a
superhuman being expressed through rituals
and worship
Concern with questions of meaning of life,
right and wrong behavior, salvation
Rituals to give meaning and sanctification to
rites of passage such as marriage
40. Religious Crimes
Idolatry
Mistaking the relative for the absolute
Sectarianism
Bigotry
Militant fundamentalism
41. Helpful Government Policies
Allow religious freedom.
Enable religious communities to be
involved in law making, education, and
values.
42. Summary
Human desire Supportive Crimes in this
social system realm
Experience love Family Adultery
Material things Economy Stealing
Social position and Civil society Murder
authority
Knowledge and skills Education Falsehood,
indoctrination
Worship Religion Idolatry
43. Principles of Good Governance
Related to Spiritual Principles
Society of owners
Blessing of dominion over creation
Do not steal/misuse public money
Society of market relationships
Blessing of ethical relationships
Do not have immoral sexual relations
Society as a moral realm
Blessing of mind/body unity
Do not hurt a person’s heart
44. Adapted by Joy Pople from a
presentation by William Haines
Universal Peace Federation
www.upf.org
Editor's Notes
We are living in a time when politics intrudes on our lives from everywhere. As soon as we turn on the radio or the TV, we immediately hear politicians complaining about the state of affairs and promising to solve all problems if they could get the power. Periodically adult citizens have an opportunity to vote in an election to decide which candidates will get into power. Therefore, it is very important to consider the role and the function of the government, to evaluate, judge and to respond intelligently to what is going on in the world of politics.
Government of people .therefore need to understand what it is to be human. Good understanding of human nature the basis of all good theories of government. Theories which have led to disaster based on faulty theories.
Aristotle said this 2500 years ago. Still repeated and still quoted because he was right. Rings true. Makes sense. He didn’t discover it just articulated it because he had an accurate understanding of human nature. Wisdom. So many cruddy theories been discredited. Raises questions What is it that brings happiness. Turn again to the master Important to have an accurate unerstaning of human nature. Realistic. Not idealistic. Tailor instituions to suit people, not people to suit instituions.
The first question we should ask ourselves is this: What is the purpose of government ? To answer this question we have to look back at history so as to understand the origin of society. Was there ever a time when the society did not exist and people lived separately from each other? Hardly, as Aristotle noted a long time ago:
This is based on Rev Ahn's lecture
Why the tribes of Israel wanted a king like other people War is the mother of government
The family is a natural institution based on the conjugal love and sexual attraction between a man and woman and their desire for children who are the fruit of that love. Because they are so emotional, the bonds within the family are very strong and we naturally feel that there are ties of duty and obligation that link us together. These ties we feel not only for our immediate family but also for uncles, aunts, cousins, and other relatives even if we have never met them. Naturally, the more distant a relative is, the weaker the attachment becomes; yet it is not for nothing that we say 釘 blood is thicker than water. The most fundamental social relations we have are familial. In fact there has never been a society which has not had the family as its smallest and most basic unit. Love between a man and woman. Marriage. Conjugal love. Children as fruit and expression of their love. Parental love. Siblings. Family. Lineage. Grandkids. Balance between public and private individual/whole Drinking famly money ‘ Manners make the man’
1948 Britain was still in pretty good shape! What would Elliot have said today?
There is only a certain amount that an individual can achieve by himself. It is possible to survive by oneself, grow one's own food, build one's own house, make one's own clothes etc. But much more can be accomplished by cooperating with others. Naturally people prefer to work with their relatives because usually they can trust them more. So one of the earliest and most important functions of the family was economic which is why in most traditional societies parents, children and other relatives worked together to secure all they needed to survive.
The most fundamental social relations we have are familial. In fact there has never been a society which has not had the family as its smallest and most basic unit. Love between a man and woman. Marriage. Conjugal love. Children as fruit and expression of their love. Parental love. Siblings. Family. Lineage. Grandkids.
As time goes on families expand gradually becoming small societies. As they do so the strength of affection between people declines as the distance between them increases. In favourable circumstances through intermarriage and friendship these small societies merge into a larger society. Usually they helped each other one way or another, they feasted together and celebrated important occasions and shared products of their work as far as they thought it just. In a closely related society traditions and customs developed which explained who should do and what they should do, and which role is assigned to everyone.
The first of these is stability of possession. People naturally share what they have within the family, with those for whom they have a natural affection. Scarcity though leads to envy and conflict. People want things for themselves and their family. But at the same time everyone wants to be left undisturbed in the enjoyment of his proper possessions. People want to own , not merely possess, goods. So the rule that "every man no matter how we happen to feel towards him, be left undisturbed in the enjoyment of his proper possessions" develops, and is followed because people believe it to be useful. They know their own desires, and through feeling sympathy for others, extrapolate that everyone feels the same way. Through this ownership relationship exists, not just between the person and the thing, but also between people, because that ownership is acknowledged. So ownership is defined relationally. It is an artificial social convention. But once everything is owned by someone, the contention is stopped as long as everyone abides by this convention. The de facto qualifications for ownership (Hume is not interested in abstract de jure ones), are present possession, occupation, prescription, accession and succession. These are the correct rules, because they are the ones most natural and in harmony with human nature and inclinations. Thus they are least likely to be questioned. The benefit of the institution of property is that the short term outlook of most people is replaced by a long term view. For example, if people can pass things on to their descendants, as is their natural inclination, they are more likely to be industrious and frugal. David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature (Oxford: Oxford University Press: Press, 1978), 501f. Hume's three Principles of Justice are comparable to the three Great Blessings in Divine Principle. This one, stability of possession is like the third blessing, to have dominion over the creation, to be Lord of Creation, co-creator with God and perfect one's creativity through this.
However it is not enough for people to have stability of possession. Since people have different goods there has to be a way for people to be able to exchange their property. The second principle is therefore, the convention that rights over goods may be transferred by consent, and only by consent. This means that trade the consequent division of labour becomes possible so that goods can be produced which are available to all. Hume, 514f. This principle compares to the second Blessing, the establishment of a family which is based on the give and take relationship.
Again, it is very inconvenient to have to barter and have simultaneous direct exchange of goods. One person's crops may be ripe in the spring and another's in the autumn. So the third principle is required, performance of promises. If people make promises which are directed towards some future performance, they should keep them. Otherwise there can be no trust, no trade and no society. Ibid., 516f. This compares to the first Blessing, that a person should unite mind and body centred upon God. The words and deeds of such a person would be the same. They would be trustworthy and keep their promises.