Setting effective goals requires planning and accountability. Goals should be specific, measurable, and have a clear deadline. Vague or unrealistic goals like "get faster" are less effective than specific goals like "run the 40-yard dash in 4.9 seconds by December 1st". Goals should also be written down and shared with others to increase commitment and accountability. Effective goals are categorized as long-term, short-term, or immediate and achieving them requires identifying strategies and making detailed plans to accomplish each step. Setting clear goals provides benefits like less stress, better performance, and increased happiness.