This document defines key terms related to language teaching and learning: - Total Physical Response (TPR) is a language teaching method using physical actions. - Mother tongue refers to a person's native language, while target language is one they are learning. - Digital literacy is the ability to use language skills with technology. - Multiple intelligences are different learning styles according to Howard Gardner's theory. - English as a foreign language (EFL) uses English outside an English-speaking country, while English as a second language (ESL) refers to English learned in an English-speaking setting.

1. Glossary
2º Year of Early Childhood Education
Sergia Medina
Liceth Rivas

2. • TPR is a language teaching
method where instructors
give commands to students
in the target language, and
students respond with
whole-body actions.
Learning by doing.
Total Physical Response (TPR)

3. Mother tongue and Target language
• Target language:
A language that a non
native speaker is in the
process of learning.
• Mother tongue: is a
person's native language.
It´s the first language.

4. Digital literacy
Literacy: Is the ability to
use language
proficiently. Skill.

5. Multiple intelligences:
• Howard Gardner´s theory
who identified seven
distinct intelligences.
• According to this theory,
students can have many
different learning styles
depending on their kind of
intelligence.

6. EFL and ESL
• English a first language
(EFL): is the use of English
as a native language.
• English as a second
language (ESL): is
the use or study
of English by
speakers with
different native
languages.

7. • The silent period,
or preproduction, is a stage
in second language
acquisition where learners do
not attempt to speak. Silent
periods are more common in
children than in adult learners.
Silent period

8. Approach and Drill
Drill: Disciplined, repetitious
exercise as a means of
teaching and perfecting a skill
or procedure.
.
Approach: it’s a
method to teach or
learning something.

9. • Phonics: is a method for
teaching reading and writing
of the English language in
order to teach the
correspondence between
these sounds and
the spelling patterns
(graphemes) that represent
them.
Phonics

10. • Children acquire language through a
subconscious process during which
they are unaware of grammatical
rules. This is similar to the way they
acquire their first language. They get
a feel for what is and what isn’t
correct.
Acquisition vs learning