The Earth is surrounded by an atmosphere made of layers of gases. The sun heats the Earth and its atmosphere through radiation. The natural process of heat transfer between the sun, atmosphere, and Earth is called the greenhouse effect. The key greenhouse gases are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. Human activities like burning fossil fuels and cutting down forests release more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Global climate change is already causing effects like glacial melting, earlier ice breakup, and shifted animal and plant ranges. Scientists expect temperatures to continue rising significantly in the coming decades due to human-caused greenhouse gas emissions.

2. 
The Earth is wrapped in a blanket of air called
the 'atmosphere', which is made up of several
layers of gases. The sun is much hotter than the
Earth and it gives off rays of heat (radiation)
that travel through the atmosphere and reach
the Earth

3. 

The natural
process between
the sun, the
atmosphere and
the Earth is called
the 'Greenhouse
Effect',
The GREENHOUS
E GASES are very
important and are
mainly:

4. 





The GREENHOUSE GASES are very important
and are mainly:
water vapour
occurs naturally in the atmosphere.
carbon dioxide
produced naturally when people and animals
breathe. Plants and trees absorb carbon dioxide to
live. Volcanoes also produce this gas. Carbon dioxide
is not the same as carbon monoxide
methane
comes from cattle as they digest their food. The gas
also comes from fields where rice is grown in paddy
fields.
nitrous oxide
when plants die and rot, nitrous oxide is produced.
· ozone
occurs naturally in the atmosphere.

5. 
Some of the activities
of man also produce
greenhouse Burning
fossil fuels - coal, oil
and natural gas releases carbon
dioxide into the
atmosphere. Cutting
down and burning
trees also produces a
lot of carbon dioxide.

6. 



The Weather
Sea Levels
Farming
Water

7. 


Plants
Animals
People

8. 

Global climate change has already had
observable effects on the environment. Glaciers
have shrunk, ice on rivers and lakes is breaking
up earlier, plant and animal ranges have
shifted and trees are flowering sooner.
Effects that scientists had predicted in the past
would result from global climate change are
now occurring: loss of sea ice, accelerated sea
level rise and longer, more intense heat waves.

9. 
Scientists have high confidence that global
temperatures will continue to rise for decades
to come, largely due to greenhouse gasses
produced by human activities. The
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC), which includes more than 1,300
scientists from the United States and other
countries, forecasts a temperature rise of 2.5 to
10 degrees Fahrenheit over the next century.