Global State of National Urban Policy 2021 - Presentation by Lamia Kamal-Chaoui
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The document summarizes key findings from the OECD's 2021 Global State of National Urban Policy report. It finds that while over half of countries now have explicit national urban policies, implementation faces challenges like lack of funding, expertise, and coordination. National urban policies can help integrate climate and development goals, but bridging resource and knowledge gaps is still a persistent challenge. The report provides 10 recommendations to strengthen national urban policies going forward, such as enhancing financing, aligning with global agendas, and promoting knowledge sharing.
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Global State of National Urban Policy 2021 - Presentation by Lamia Kamal-Chaoui
- 1. @OECD_local www.linkedin.com/company/oecd-local www.oecd.org/cfe GLOBAL STATE OF NATIONAL URBAN POLICY 2021 Director, Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities (CFE) 25 June 2021 Lamia Kamal-Chaoui
- 2. © OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local | As countries develop, they become more urbanised in some of their regions, leading to rising inequalities Urbanisation and the concentration of metropolitan population has led to rising disparities Where do people live?
- 3. © OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local | Pre COVID, cities were already grappling with challenges that have been magnified by the pandemic Since 1970, cooling needs have increased by almost 25% in OECD cities. Change in cooling needs in cities and their commuting zones Cooling degree days, functional urban areas, 1970-2018 Source: OECD (2020), Regions and Cities at a Glance 2020
- 4. © OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local | 2nd edition of global monitoring – a refined methodology • 162 countries worldwide (including 86 that responded to a detailed survey) • New framework & typology of NUP Note: boxes outlined in dark blue are new themes. The boxes outlined in grey were already covered in the first edition of the report.
- 5. © OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local | Most NUPs present a strategic vision, bridge policy siloes and shape integrated urban development Explicit NUPs fulfilling selected characteristics Number of countries that reported characteristics of their NUP. Answers received from 58 out of 86 countries surveyed.
- 6. © OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local | NUP’s progress since 2018 56% in an explicit form (51% in 2018) 62% in operation (from 61% in 2018) 48% with focus on climate (from 32% in 2018) 71 44% 91 56% Explicit NUPs Other national policies 18 11% 11 7% 31 20% 72 46% 25 16% Feasibility Diagnosis Formulation Implementation Monitoring and evaluation 17 15% 37 33% 59 52% Extensive Moderate Low Data collected from 162 countries (86 from survey responses, 76 from desk research)
- 7. © OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local | More than two thirds of countries recognise NUP’s potential to advance the SDGs 67% of countries surveyed use their NUP to achieve the SDGs, 54% for the Paris Climate Agreement, and 34% for the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Number of NUP contributing to other SDGs than Goal 11 Number of countries that reported NUP contributing to other SDGs than Goal 11. Answers received from 86 countries surveyed
- 8. © OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local | NUP can connect urban and climate policies, but challenges remain Lack of expertise Lack of coordination mechanisms (among national ministries) Insufficient budget Lack of coordination mechanisms (across the levels of government) Insufficient human recourses Top 5 Challenges to integrating climate into NUP Number of countries that reported challenges. Answers received from 67 out of 86 countries surveyed.
- 9. © OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local | Persistent challenges: bridging the resource and knowledge gaps Top 5 Challenges for NUP Implementation Number of countries that reported challenges. Answers received from 48 out of 86 countries surveyed
- 10. © OECD | Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities | @OECD_Local | 10 Recommendations for the future of NUP Enhance NUP as a comprehens ive, strategic and shared vision Consider varied sources of finance Promote NUP to rethink post COVID-19 urban paradigms Engage local and regional authorities and stakeholders Leverage NUP as connector of urban and climate-related ministries Embed diverse and innovative environmental policy instruments Align targets and indicators with the SDGs Enhance the contribution of NUP to global agendas Invest in robust urban-scale data Share knowledge and experience on NUP
- 11. Twitter: @OECD_local LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/company/oecd-local Website: www.oecd.org/cfe Thank you
Editor's Notes
- Intro: The GSNUP 2020 set out on a more substantial analysis of what constitutes an NUP (through additional questions on: national definition, expected outcomes, characteristics) Comments on the slide: Expected outcomes reveal that countries expect NUPs to work as instruments to define a national vision for urban development and to facilitate sectoral coordination and territorial integration. Additional information: Explicit NUPs effectively fulfil this desired role characteristics of explicit NUPs: vision (91%), integrated sectoral policies and integrated territorial perspective (85%), coordination mechanisms across government level and engagement of subnational governments and stakeholders (78%) Some national definitions of NUPs emphasize the need for collaborative governance: Many OECD countries focused on their role as processes and platforms for coordinated and collaborative action. (e.g. Finland, Germany, Portugal) From previous notes: Context: Diverse global urban challenges (e.g. need for long-term prosperity/well-being, social and environmental concerns) call for an effective NUP. More and more actors are working on urban policy, which increase the need for multi-level coordination. Coordination with supra-national agendas (e.g. new Leipzig charter)
- Intro: The GSNUP 2020 set out on a more substantial analysis of what constitutes an NUP (through additional questions on: national definition, expected outcomes, characteristics) Comments on the slide: Expected outcomes reveal that countries expect NUPs to work as instruments to define a national vision for urban development and to facilitate sectoral coordination and territorial integration. Additional information: Explicit NUPs effectively fulfil this desired role characteristics of explicit NUPs: vision (91%), integrated sectoral policies and integrated territorial perspective (85%), coordination mechanisms across government level and engagement of subnational governments and stakeholders (78%) Some national definitions of NUPs emphasize the need for collaborative governance: Many OECD countries focused on their role as processes and platforms for coordinated and collaborative action. (e.g. Finland, Germany, Portugal) From previous notes: Context: Diverse global urban challenges (e.g. need for long-term prosperity/well-being, social and environmental concerns) call for an effective NUP. More and more actors are working on urban policy, which increase the need for multi-level coordination. Coordination with supra-national agendas (e.g. new Leipzig charter)
- Since the 1st edition of the global monitoring of NUP in 2018, NUPs have deployed more explicit forms (from 51% to 56%), many NUPs advanced from diagnosis to formation stages (i.e. closer to implementation) and embraced wider objectives including environmental sustainability (54% to 59%) and climate resilience (29% to 46%).
- Intro: The GSNUP 2020 set out on a more substantial analysis of what constitutes an NUP (through additional questions on: national definition, expected outcomes, characteristics) Comments on the slide: Expected outcomes reveal that countries expect NUPs to work as instruments to define a national vision for urban development and to facilitate sectoral coordination and territorial integration. Additional information: Explicit NUPs effectively fulfil this desired role characteristics of explicit NUPs: vision (91%), integrated sectoral policies and integrated territorial perspective (85%), coordination mechanisms across government level and engagement of subnational governments and stakeholders (78%) Some national definitions of NUPs emphasize the need for collaborative governance: Many OECD countries focused on their role as processes and platforms for coordinated and collaborative action. (e.g. Finland, Germany, Portugal) From previous notes: Context: Diverse global urban challenges (e.g. need for long-term prosperity/well-being, social and environmental concerns) call for an effective NUP. More and more actors are working on urban policy, which increase the need for multi-level coordination. Coordination with supra-national agendas (e.g. new Leipzig charter)
- Intro: The GSNUP 2020 set out on a more substantial analysis of what constitutes an NUP (through additional questions on: national definition, expected outcomes, characteristics) Comments on the slide: Expected outcomes reveal that countries expect NUPs to work as instruments to define a national vision for urban development and to facilitate sectoral coordination and territorial integration. Additional information: Explicit NUPs effectively fulfil this desired role characteristics of explicit NUPs: vision (91%), integrated sectoral policies and integrated territorial perspective (85%), coordination mechanisms across government level and engagement of subnational governments and stakeholders (78%) Some national definitions of NUPs emphasize the need for collaborative governance: Many OECD countries focused on their role as processes and platforms for coordinated and collaborative action. (e.g. Finland, Germany, Portugal) From previous notes: Context: Diverse global urban challenges (e.g. need for long-term prosperity/well-being, social and environmental concerns) call for an effective NUP. More and more actors are working on urban policy, which increase the need for multi-level coordination. Coordination with supra-national agendas (e.g. new Leipzig charter)
- Intro: The GSNUP 2020 set out on a more substantial analysis of what constitutes an NUP (through additional questions on: national definition, expected outcomes, characteristics) Comments on the slide: Expected outcomes reveal that countries expect NUPs to work as instruments to define a national vision for urban development and to facilitate sectoral coordination and territorial integration. Additional information: Explicit NUPs effectively fulfil this desired role characteristics of explicit NUPs: vision (91%), integrated sectoral policies and integrated territorial perspective (85%), coordination mechanisms across government level and engagement of subnational governments and stakeholders (78%) Some national definitions of NUPs emphasize the need for collaborative governance: Many OECD countries focused on their role as processes and platforms for coordinated and collaborative action. (e.g. Finland, Germany, Portugal) From previous notes: Context: Diverse global urban challenges (e.g. need for long-term prosperity/well-being, social and environmental concerns) call for an effective NUP. More and more actors are working on urban policy, which increase the need for multi-level coordination. Coordination with supra-national agendas (e.g. new Leipzig charter)
- Intro: The GSNUP 2020 set out on a more substantial analysis of what constitutes an NUP (through additional questions on: national definition, expected outcomes, characteristics) Comments on the slide: Expected outcomes reveal that countries expect NUPs to work as instruments to define a national vision for urban development and to facilitate sectoral coordination and territorial integration. Additional information: Explicit NUPs effectively fulfil this desired role characteristics of explicit NUPs: vision (91%), integrated sectoral policies and integrated territorial perspective (85%), coordination mechanisms across government level and engagement of subnational governments and stakeholders (78%) Some national definitions of NUPs emphasize the need for collaborative governance: Many OECD countries focused on their role as processes and platforms for coordinated and collaborative action. (e.g. Finland, Germany, Portugal) From previous notes: Context: Diverse global urban challenges (e.g. need for long-term prosperity/well-being, social and environmental concerns) call for an effective NUP. More and more actors are working on urban policy, which increase the need for multi-level coordination. Coordination with supra-national agendas (e.g. new Leipzig charter)