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Giardia lamblia
Giardia lamblia is a protozoan parasite that infects the small intestine. It exists in two forms - a trophozoite, which is the vegetative form, and a cyst, which is the infective form. The cyst is passed in feces and can remain viable in soil and water for weeks. Infection occurs when cysts are ingested through contaminated food or water. In the small intestine, cysts hatch into trophozoites which colonize the duodenum and jejunum. Symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and malabsorption. Diagnosis is made by identifying cysts or trophozoites in stool samples or small intestine samples. Treatment involves antibiotics like metronidaz
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