The document discusses different types of geological disasters including avalanches, landslides, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions. It provides details on the causes and characteristics of each type of disaster. For avalanches, it describes how they are created from heavy snowfall and their damage such as destroying buildings and forests. For landslides, it lists causes like earthquakes, heavy rainfall, and mining and provides prevention tips. The document also explains earthquake prediction methods and effects on infrastructure. Finally, it discusses volcanic eruptions being caused by rising magma and provides safety guidelines during and after an eruption.