Gender inequality exists in the workplace, particularly in the IT and banking sectors in Pakistan according to a study. The study aimed to compare gender inequality related to the glass ceiling and gender pay gap between the banking and IT sectors through a literature review and survey of 120 employees. While the participation of women is greater in the IT industry, the banking sector workforce has limited female participation. The study found gender inequality and discrimination exist, with some employees feeling they had been denied jobs or opportunities due to their gender. Common factors contributing to the gender pay gap were found to be less education and experience for women as well as family responsibilities limiting women's careers. The study concludes strict laws are needed against gender inequality and discrimination in the workplace.

1. GENDER INEQUALITY IN
WORKPLACE: IT AND BANKING
SECTOR.
By: Hamza Jamshed

2. WHAT IS GENDER?
• Gender describes the role ,rights and responsibilities that society considers
appropriate for men and women.
• It refers to social ,economic and cultural attributes and opportunities associates with
being a male or female.
• Gender roles ,responsibilities inequalities and differences are not the same in
various societies.

3. GENDER INEQUALITY
Gender inequality refers to disparity between individuals due to gender.
Gender is constructed both socially through social interactions as well
as biologically through chromosomes, brain structure, and hormonal
differences.

4. LITERATURE REVIEW
• Impact of stereotypes on educational choices.
• Comparison in different aspects of working environment.
• Decision making, professional development, utilization of resources, academic
affairs and job satisfaction.
• Gender Equality in health and education result in increase in human capital, health
level, welfare and economic growth.
• Gender Discrimination diminishes satisfaction, motivation commitment and
enthusiasm level.

5. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
• Women deprived of their legal Rights.
• 19th century a start for social movements of equality.
• 1960’s second movements tackling gender inequality.
• In 1979, ILO launched the campaign for equal pay for women and all eliminations of
all forms of discrimination against women in the workplace.
• Representation of women in the workplace increased in the 1960s from 3 to 7% and
it was from 30 to 40% at the end of the 1980s.

6. RESEARCH MOTIVATION
• It is important to understand the organizational culture of both the IT and banking
sector for comparison.
• According to global gender gap index Pakistan is on the list of 10 worst nations in
gender equality.
• Pakistan is a male society. I choose the banking sector in Pakistan because the
workforce of women is limited in the banking sector.
• On the other hand, the participation of women in the IT industry is greater.

7. RESEARCH AIM
• The objective of this study is a comparative analysis of gender inequality in relation
to the glass ceiling and gender pay gap and the reasons behind gender inequality in
the banking and IT sector in Pakistan
• This study can help the IT and banking sectors understand what are the main
reasons for gender inequality and how gender inequality in the workplace can be
controlled.

9. QUESTIONS
• Do you think gender inequality exists in workplace?
This question asked from 120 employees. Out of 120 employees of IT and banking
sector (44 male and 28 female) believed that inequality does exist.
• Do you feel you have ever been turned down from a job because of your gender?
30/120 employees felt that they were turned down from a job because of there gender.
• Do you think its right that women should be paid less because they have to take
career breaks?
Very few people believed that women should paid less.

10. CONCLUSION
There are several factors that lead to the gender pay gap. It may be less education for
women or less experience compared to men, after marriage women cannot work
because of family responsibilities or because some husbands do not allow their wives
to work.
The gender wage gap is the main issue in Pakistani organizations. In the Pakistani
baking sector, women employees are still paid less than men and it’s because of
discrimination, unequal opportunities, gender stereotypes, home responsibilities, and
marriage bar. I think that strict laws should be introduced against gender inequality
in the workplace and outside the workplace

11. LIMITATION
• Shortage of time.
• Few questionnaires
• Don’t have access to all organizations.

12. THANK YOU