Colic -medical information |management | diagnosis | a brief study martinshaji
Colic is commonly described as a #behavioral #syndrome characterized by excessive, paroxysmal #crying. Colic is most likely to occur in the #evenings, and it occurs without any #identifiable cause. During episodes of colic, an otherwise #healthy #neonate or #infant aged 2 weeks to 4 months is difficult to #console. They stiffen, draw up their legs, and pass #flatus. Colic is one of the common reasons #parents seek the advice of a #pediatrician or #family #practitioner during their child’s first 3 months of life.
please comment
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constipation in children , pediatric constipation , management of constipation in children , understanding constipation , causes of constipation in children , functional constipation in children , treatment of constipation ,approach to constipation in children ,constipation in infants
Colic -medical information |management | diagnosis | a brief study martinshaji
Colic is commonly described as a #behavioral #syndrome characterized by excessive, paroxysmal #crying. Colic is most likely to occur in the #evenings, and it occurs without any #identifiable cause. During episodes of colic, an otherwise #healthy #neonate or #infant aged 2 weeks to 4 months is difficult to #console. They stiffen, draw up their legs, and pass #flatus. Colic is one of the common reasons #parents seek the advice of a #pediatrician or #family #practitioner during their child’s first 3 months of life.
please comment
thank you
constipation in children , pediatric constipation , management of constipation in children , understanding constipation , causes of constipation in children , functional constipation in children , treatment of constipation ,approach to constipation in children ,constipation in infants
PYLORIC STENOSIS
Pyloric stenosis is a medical condition in which the pylorus, the muscular valve between the stomach and the small intestine, becomes abnormally narrowed or obstructed, leading to the obstruction of the gastric outlet. This narrowing of the pylorus prevents the proper passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine.
The exact cause of pyloric stenosis is still unknown, but it is believed to have a multifactorial etiology.
Genetic factors are thought to play a role, as there is a higher incidence of pyloric stenosis among siblings and family members.
Environmental factors may also contribute to the development of the condition, but specific triggers remain unidentified.
The hallmark symptom of pyloric stenosis is projectile vomiting, which occurs shortly after feeding.
Vomitus is often non-bilious and may resemble curdled milk.
Forceful vomiting that may project several feet away from the infant.
Signs of hunger and irritability despite frequent feeding attempts.
Weight loss or poor weight gain.
Dehydration and electrolyte imbalances due to excessive vomiting.
Palpable “olive-shaped” mass in the epigastric region.
Infants appear hungry, irritable, and unsatisfied after feeds.
Physical Examination:
Palpation of the abdomen may reveal a palpable “olive-shaped” mass in the epigastric region, which represents the hypertrophied pylorus.
The “olive” can often be felt when the infant is in a relaxed state and the stomach is empty.
Abdominal Ultrasound:
Abdominal ultrasound is the primary diagnostic tool for confirming pyloric stenosis.
Fluid and Electrolyte Management:
Prior to surgery, infants with pyloric stenosis often require fluid resuscitation and correction of electrolyte imbalances caused by excessive vomiting.
Intravenous hydration and electrolyte replacement may be necessary to restore the infant’s fluid and electrolyte balance.
Atropine Therapy:
In some cases, medical management with intravenous atropine may be attempted as a temporary measure to relieve pyloric spasm and improve the passage of food.
Surgical management of pyloric stenosis involves performing a pyloromyotomy.
This procedure is typically done under general anaesthesia and can be performed as an open surgery or laparoscopically.
Postoperative Nursing Care:
Monitor vital signs, surgical site, and signs of infection, such as fever, redness, swelling, or discharge.
Administer prescribed pain medications and antibiotics.
Observe for complications, such as bleeding or infection, and report any abnormalities to the healthcare team.
Encourage early feeding and monitor for successful feeding tolerance, ensuring the infant is retaining and digesting food properly.
Educate parents about postoperative care, including incision care, feeding techniques, and signs of potential complications, emphasizing the importance of follow-up visits and ongoing care.
Functional gastrointestinal disorders in chn of early agePaul Cudjoe Sakpaku
Many parents are worried about behavioral and physical changes in their children. Some of these changes are normal accompaniments of the child's development as symptoms disappear later in life. Some of these changes can be reversed by careful and constant monitory on the part of the mother or care-giver.
PYLORIC STENOSIS
Pyloric stenosis is a medical condition in which the pylorus, the muscular valve between the stomach and the small intestine, becomes abnormally narrowed or obstructed, leading to the obstruction of the gastric outlet. This narrowing of the pylorus prevents the proper passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine.
The exact cause of pyloric stenosis is still unknown, but it is believed to have a multifactorial etiology.
Genetic factors are thought to play a role, as there is a higher incidence of pyloric stenosis among siblings and family members.
Environmental factors may also contribute to the development of the condition, but specific triggers remain unidentified.
The hallmark symptom of pyloric stenosis is projectile vomiting, which occurs shortly after feeding.
Vomitus is often non-bilious and may resemble curdled milk.
Forceful vomiting that may project several feet away from the infant.
Signs of hunger and irritability despite frequent feeding attempts.
Weight loss or poor weight gain.
Dehydration and electrolyte imbalances due to excessive vomiting.
Palpable “olive-shaped” mass in the epigastric region.
Infants appear hungry, irritable, and unsatisfied after feeds.
Physical Examination:
Palpation of the abdomen may reveal a palpable “olive-shaped” mass in the epigastric region, which represents the hypertrophied pylorus.
The “olive” can often be felt when the infant is in a relaxed state and the stomach is empty.
Abdominal Ultrasound:
Abdominal ultrasound is the primary diagnostic tool for confirming pyloric stenosis.
Fluid and Electrolyte Management:
Prior to surgery, infants with pyloric stenosis often require fluid resuscitation and correction of electrolyte imbalances caused by excessive vomiting.
Intravenous hydration and electrolyte replacement may be necessary to restore the infant’s fluid and electrolyte balance.
Atropine Therapy:
In some cases, medical management with intravenous atropine may be attempted as a temporary measure to relieve pyloric spasm and improve the passage of food.
Surgical management of pyloric stenosis involves performing a pyloromyotomy.
This procedure is typically done under general anaesthesia and can be performed as an open surgery or laparoscopically.
Postoperative Nursing Care:
Monitor vital signs, surgical site, and signs of infection, such as fever, redness, swelling, or discharge.
Administer prescribed pain medications and antibiotics.
Observe for complications, such as bleeding or infection, and report any abnormalities to the healthcare team.
Encourage early feeding and monitor for successful feeding tolerance, ensuring the infant is retaining and digesting food properly.
Educate parents about postoperative care, including incision care, feeding techniques, and signs of potential complications, emphasizing the importance of follow-up visits and ongoing care.
Functional gastrointestinal disorders in chn of early agePaul Cudjoe Sakpaku
Many parents are worried about behavioral and physical changes in their children. Some of these changes are normal accompaniments of the child's development as symptoms disappear later in life. Some of these changes can be reversed by careful and constant monitory on the part of the mother or care-giver.
Similar to Gastric discomfort in children and herbal remedies MANUAL.pdf (20)
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
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5. Infantile Colic (Baby colic)
• A condition where a healthy, well-fed infant cries
for more than 3 hours a day, more than 3 days a
week, for more than 3 weeks.
• Does diagnosis require lab test or imaging?
• Doesn't require lab test or imaging
• Time taken for recovery
• Can last several months
• Common for babies from wee
• almost always goes away on its own by 3 or 4
months of age
6. SYMPTOMS
• The condition is characterized by:
• Episodes of crying especially at night
• Legs pulled up to the stomach
• Flushed face
• Clenched hands
• Wrinkled brow
• Complications
• Frustration for the parents
• Depression following delivery
• Child abuse
• Excess visits to the doctor
7. Causes
• Main cause for baby colic is unknown but
it is associated with underlying organic
diseases like:
• A growing digestive system with muscles
that often spasm
• Gas
• Gastrointestinal discomfort like intestinal
cramping
• Constipation
• Lactose intolerance
• Anal fissures
• Subdural haematoma
• Development of antibodies responses to
the bovine protein in cow milk
8. TREATMENT
• Conservative treatment It includes
reassuring the child by calming methods
• Nutrition
• Foods to eat:
• Use hydrolysed formula to bottle fed
babies
• Foods to avoid:
• Avoid cow milk
• High sugar foods such as undiluted juices by
mothers
• Mothers should avoid too many milk products
9. What is flatulence?
• Also known as farting, passing wind, or having
gas, flatulence is a medical term for releasing
gas from the digestive system through the
anus. It happens when gas collects inside the
digestive system and is a normal process.
• Gas collects in the digestive tract when your
body breaks down food. It can also happen
when you swallow air while eating or drinking.
Gas is usually made up of oxygen, nitrogen,
hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and occasionally
methane
10. Infant Gas
• Babies can be pretty gassy. It's common for them to pass gas 13-21 times
each day! Why so much? Infants have plenty of chances to swallow air, like
when they:
• Eat, whether food comes from a breast or bottle
• Suck a pacifier
• Cry
11. Bloating
• Bloating: a swollen state caused by retention of fluid or gas.
• When air gets trapped in a baby's belly, you may notice that they:
• Burp
• Get fussy
• Are bloated
• Cry
• Fart
• Have a hard tummy
12. How to
Help a
Baby Feel
Better
• Check feeding position. "When you're nursing or bottle-
feeding, try to keep the baby's head higher than her
stomach,“
• Burp your baby. One of the easiest ways to ease gas
pains is to burp them during and after they nurse. If
they don't belch right away, lay them down on their
back for a few minutes and then try again.
• Change equipment. "If you're bottle-feeding, switch to a
slower-flow nipple," says Joel Lavine, MD, PhD, professor of
pediatrics at Columbia University.
• Work it out. Gently massage your baby, pump their legs back
and forth (like riding a bike) while they are on their back, or
give their tummy time (watch them while they lie on their
stomach). A warm bath can also help them get rid of extra
gas.
• Take a closer look at foods.
• Over-the-Counter (OTC) Treatments You can
try simethicone gas drops for infant gas, or Gripe water
13. Pediatric Constipation
• Constipation in children has reported prevalence rates between 1% and 30%. [1] It is the
principal complaint in 3-5% of all visits to pediatric outpatient clinics and as many as 35% of all
visits to pediatric gastroenterologists
• Definition
• The North American Society of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) defines
constipation as "a delay or difficulty in defecation, present for 2 weeks or more, and sufficient to
cause significant distress to the patient.
• The Paris Consensus on Childhood Constipation Terminology (PACCT) defines constipation as "a
period of 8 weeks with at least 2 of the following symptoms: defecation frequency less than 3
times per week, passage of large stools that clog the toilet, palpable abdominal or rectal fecal
mass, stool withholding behavior, or painful defecation.
14. Anatomy
• Bowel motility is one of the most complex and sophisticated functions in the human
body. The colon absorbs water and functions as a reservoir. Liquid waste delivered by the
small bowel into the cecum becomes solid stool in the descending and sigmoid colon.
The colon has a slow motility; its peristalsis seems to be less active in the distal portions
of the colon. Every 24-48 hours, the rectosigmoid develops active peristaltic waves that
indicate that it must be emptied. This is perceived by the individual, who then has the
capacity to voluntarily retain the stool or to empty it, depending on social circumstances.
15. Epidemiology
• In the United States, constipation is extremely common among infants and young children. In a
1987 report, Issenman et al found that 16% of parents reported that their 2-year-old children
had constipation [5] ; 2 decades later, Loening-Baucke reported that the prevalence of
constipation was 22.6% among 482 children aged 4-17 years. [6] In a longitudinal study of
children aged 9-11 years, Saps et al reported an 18% overall prevalence of constipation. [7]
• In a European study, Yong and Beattie found that 34% of parents in the United Kingdom
reported their children aged 4-7 years had at least intermittent difficulties with constipation, [8]
and a South American study by de Araujo Sant'Anna and Calcado found that 28% of Brazilian
children aged 8-10 years were constipated. [9]
• Constipation occurs in all pediatric age groups from infancy to young adulthood. Typically,
childhood constipation develops during 3 stages of childhood: in infants during weaning, in
toddlers during toilet training, and in school-aged children
16. Pathophysiology
• Most children suffering from constipation have no underlying medical condition. They
are often labeled as having functional constipation or acquired megacolon. In most
cases, childhood constipation develops when the child begins to associate pain with
defecation. Once pain is associated with the passage of bowel movements, the child
begins to withhold stools in an attempt to avoid discomfort. As stool withholding
continues, the rectum gradually accommodates, and the normal urge to defecate
gradually disappears. The infrequent passage of very large and hard stools reinforces the
child's association of pain with defecation, resulting in worsening stool retention and
progressively more abnormal defecation dynamics with anal sphincter spasm. Chronic
rectal distention ultimately results in both loss of rectal sensitivity, and loss of the urge to
defecate, which can lead to fecal incontinence (ie, encopresis).
17. Dietary
Modification
• Dietary changes, such as increasing the child's intake of fluids and
carbohydrates, are commonly recommended as part of the
treatment of constipation.[23]
• Balanced diet
• Complex carbohydrates and unabsorbable sugars (eg, sorbitol) are
found in many fruit juices (eg, prune, pear, apple). These
carbohydrates increase stool frequency by increasing fecal water
content. Although randomized controlled trials have not been
conducted to examine the effects of increasing the intake of
fluids, nonabsorbable carbohydrates, or fiber on childhood
constipation, recommending a balanced diet that includes whole
grains, fruits, vegetables, and an abundance of fluids seems
appropriate. Because data are limited, forceful implementation of
a particular diet does not seem warranted.
• Cow milk avoidance
• In infants and young children, it is appropriate to consider
removing cow-milk protein from the diet for a period is
appropriate, because chronic constipation may be precipitated by
ingestion of cow-milk proteins
18. Medication
Summary
• In several randomized trials, laxatives have been
shown to be beneficial in the treatment of chronic
childhood constipation. Studies have also shown
that polyethylene glycol, mineral oil, magnesium
hydroxide, , lactulose and Sorbitol are effective
and can be used for prolonged time periods
without risk(Osmotic Laxatives). And other types of
laxatives, lubricants, stool softeners and other
agents that increase motility.
•
.
19. Constipation in babies
• Babies can become constipated a times, although it’s far less common in breastfed
babies. Constipation can be caused by several different things including dehydration,
minor illnesses such as a cold and changes in diet, including change in formula milk
or going on to formula milk after breastfeeding.
• Constipation symptoms
• Symptoms of constipation in babies include:
• A baby is passing hard stools less often than what is normal for them
• A baby seems to be straining or in pain
• A baby seems unhappy, angry, irritated or lacking in energy
20. Constipation
treatment
The symptoms of constipation can be eased by the following:
Offer your baby cooled, boiled water between milk feeds.
If your baby a little older and is eating some solids, encouraging the baby to
eat more fruit or vegetables that are rich in fiber may help.
For babies established on solids, apples, pears and prunes all help bowel
movements.
Massaging the baby’s tummy very gently or moving their legs in a cycling
motion while they are lying on their back will help.
Make sure that the formula milk feds are made up correctly if your baby is
bottle fed. Too much milk powder can make the feed too concentrated.
O.T.C
21. Reflux in babies
• Babies are prone to reflux, as they have small stomachs and the lower
oesophagus valve (which opens to let milk into the stomach and then
tightens to prevent it from moving back up) may not be fully developed.
• About 50 per cent of babies get reflux up to the age of three months. For most
babies the oesophagus valve will strengthen by the time the baby is 10 months
old. Generally reflux usually first starts before the age of 8 weeks and is resolved
by the age of one year.
22. Reflux
symptoms
Symptoms of reflux in babies
include:
Bringing up milk or being sick
during or after feeding
Coughing/hiccuping/being
unsettled during feeding
Gulping after burping or feeding
23. Lactose intolerance in babies
• lactose is a natural sugar found in milk including breast, formula and
cow’s milk. It’s an important source of carbohydrate – but for our bodies
to use it properly, it has to be broken down by an enzyme called lactase. If
there is no enough lactase produced, this is referred to as lactose
intolerance, because the lactose can’t be digested
• Babies can develop a temporary form of lactose intolerance called
secondary lactose intolerance after an illness such as gastroenteritis.
Symptoms of this normally disappear after a few weeks, when the lining
of the gut heals, and the cells start to product lactase again.
25. Indigestion
What Is Indigestion?
Indigestion (say: in-dih-JES-chun) is just
another name for an upset stomach.
It's also called dyspepsia (say: dis-PEP-
shuh).
his refers to an uncomfortable feeling
kids feel in their stomachs, usually after
a heavy meal. Clinically, this condition
is referred to as dyspepsia.
26. Symptoms
• upper abdominal pain, fullness, heartburn,
nausea, belching, bloating ,early satiety.
• Indigestion is a diagnosis related to a
combination of symptoms that can be
attributed to "organic" or "functional"
causes. Organic dyspepsia should have
pathological findings upon endoscopy, like
an ulcer in the stomach lining in peptic
ulcer disease.
• Functional dyspepsia is unlikely to be
detected on endoscopy but can be broken
down into two subtypes, epigastric pain
syndrome (EPS) and post-prandial distress
syndrome (PDS). In addition, indigestion
could be caused by medications, food, or
other disease processes.
28. Gripe water
• Gripe water is a non-prescription product sold in many countries around
the world to relieve colic and other gastrointestinal ailments and
discomforts of infants.
• Gripe water has sweetener which makes it pleasing in taste for the
babies. The quantity of sugar and different other sweeteners in gripe
water can cause cavities and other tooth problems.
• Gripe water can make a few babies very sick because it gathers their
wind so well that they can burp quite violently and bring their milk up
with it.
• Gripe water is known to convert the tiny bubbles of gas into one whole
gas bubble, which becomes easier to burp out and leads to relief. That is
how gripe water aids in digestion.
29. Simethicone
• This anti-gas (anti-flatulence) medication
acts in the stomach and intestines to
change the surface tension of gas bubbles
enabling smaller bubbles to join together
into bigger bubbles. It results elimination
of gas more easily by belching or passing
flatus.
• Indications for Simethicone
• 1. Abdominal pain which is due to
excessive gas in the digestive tract
• 2. Before gastroscopy or radiography of
the bowel
30. dimeticone
• work by helping to release trapped wind.
This helps to relieve tummy pain and
indigestion. Dentinox Infant Colic Drops
are for the gentle relief of wind and
griping pains in babies. This medicine can
be used from birth onwards
34. What is Ginger Root?
• Ginger Root
• Drug class: Herbal products
• Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a plant native to
Asia and it’s closely related to turmeric,
cardamom, and galangal.. The ginger spice
comes from the roots of the plant. It's used as
a food flavoring and medicine.
• Ginger contains chemicals that might
reduce nausea and swelling. These
chemicals seem to work in the stomach
and intestines, but they might also
help the brain and nervous system to
control nausea
36. Nutrition
• As mentioned above, ginger is full of
protective compounds, most notably
gingerol, but also:
• shogaol
• paradol
• zingerone
• terpenes
• polysaccharides
• lipids
• organic acids
• raw fibers
37. The health benefits
The health benefits of ginger include relief from digestive issues,
relief from cough and cold, remedy from other respiratory diseases
like influenza, bronchitis, whooping cough, relief from nausea,
stomach ache, motion sickness and seasickness, healing of gastric
ulcers and protection of liver.
38. What is the health benefits
of ginger
• Contains gingerol, which has powerful
medicinal properties
• Gingerol is the main bioactive compound
in ginger. It’s responsible for much of
ginger’s medicinal properties.
• Gingerol has powerful anti-inflammatory
and antioxidant effects, according to
research. For instance, it may help
reduce oxidative stress, which is the
result of having an excess amount of
free radicals in the body.
39. Can help
treat chronic
indigestion
• chronic indigestion is characterized by recurrent pain
and discomfort in the upper part of the stomach.
• It’s believed that delayed emptying of the stomach is
a major driver of indigestion. Interestingly, ginger has
been shown to speed up emptying of the stomach .
• People with functional dyspepsia, which is indigestion
with no known cause, were given either ginger
capsules or a placebo in a small 2011 study. One hour
later, they were all given soup.
It took 12.3 minutes for the stomach to empty in
people who received ginger. It took 16.1 minutes in
those who received the placebo.
• These effects have also been seen in people without
indigestion. In a 2008 study by some members of the
same research team, 24 healthy individuals were
given ginger capsules or a placebo. They were all
given soup an hour later. Consuming ginger as
opposed to a placebo significantly accelerated
emptying of the stomach. It took 13.1 minutes for
people who received ginger and 26.7 minutes for
people who received the placebo.
40. Promotes
Proper
Digestion
• One of the most powerful ginger
benefits is its ability to support
digestive health and prevent
problems like dyspepsia, a common
condition of impaired digestion
characterized by symptoms like pain,
heartburn, fullness and discomfort.
• According to a study in the World
Journal of Gastroenterology, ginger
helps speed up the emptying of the
stomach by 25 percent compared to
a placebo in people with indigestion.
Another study even found that
taking ginger capsules with a meal
actually doubled the speed of gastric
emptying.
41. Can treat
many forms
of nausea,
especially
morning
sickness
• Ginger appears to be highly effective
against nausea.
• It may help relieve nausea and vomiting
for people undergoing certain types of
surgery. Ginger may also
help chemotherapy-related nausea, but
larger human studies are needed
• However, it may be the most effective when
it comes to pregnancy-related nausea, such
as morning sickness.
• According to a review of 12 studies that
included a total of 1,278 pregnant women,
1.1–1.5 grams of ginger can
significantly reduce symptoms of nausea.
• However, this review concluded that ginger
had no effect on vomiting episodes .
42. Fights
Fungal
Infections
• Fungal infections cause a wide
variety of conditions, from yeast
infections to jock itch and athlete’s
foot. Fortunately, ginger helps kill
off disease-causing fungi due to its
powerful antifungal properties.
• A 2016 test-tube study found ginger
extract to be effective against two
types of yeast that commonly cause
fungal infections in the mouth.
Another test-tube study measured
the antifungal effects of 29 plant
species and found that ginger was
among the most effective at killing
off fungus.
43. Helps Fight
Bacterial
Infections
• In addition to its antifungal
properties, ginger boasts the ability
to fight off bacterial infections as
well, such as urinary tract infections,
pneumonia and bronchitis.
• According to one test-tube study, the
compounds found in this spice could
help inhibit the growth of certain
strains of bacteria that cause gum
disease. Another test-tube study
showed that ginger extract was
effective against several strains of
drug-resistant bacteria as well.
44. Eases
Inflammation
• Although inflammation can be a normal,
healthy immune response to injury and
infection, chronic inflammation is believed
to be a major contributor to conditions like
heart disease, obesity, diabetes and cancer.
• One review in the International Journal of
Preventive Medicine noted that ginger extract
may help inhibit the synthesis of certain
markers of inflammation. According to a 2020
meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials,
there’s evidence demonstrating a significant
impact of ginger in lowering circulating
inflammatory mediators, including C-reactive
protein (CRP), hs-CRP and TNF-α levels.
• There is also a possibility that ginger benefits
include preventing blood clots (thus reducing
risk of heart attack) due to its natural acids
that thin the blood, but studies so far are
inconclusive.
45. Health
Benefits of
Ginger for
Infants
• Although ginger is most commonly used to relieve cough in babies,
it has other benefits, too.
• 1. Reduces Gas
• Flatulence or gas problems can be both irritating and
uncomfortable for babies. The use of ginger for treating stomach
issues, primarily the presence of gas in the intestine, has existed
for ages. Giving it to the baby can help reduce the passing of gas
by a considerable amount.
• 2. Makes the Liver Strong
• The human liver is one of the strongest organs in the body as it
can digest almost anything. However, when a baby’s liver is still
developing, food poisoning could quickly become complicated.
Ginger extracts increase the tolerance of the liver.
• 3. Boosts Immunity
• As the season changes, babies become more prone to seasonal
ailments like flu, and cold and cough. Ginger helps provide the first
line of defence in this regard. Of all the respiratory issues, parents
dread bronchitis the most. In this, the mucous membrane gets
inflamed, causing problems in breathing. Give a mixture of dry
ginger powder, pepper, long clove powder, and honey thrice a day
to boost immunity.
46. Health
Benefits of
Ginger for
Infants
• Alleviates Stomach Pain
• Be it intestinal gas, colic spasms, or
other stomach issues, there’s
nothing that a small dose of ginger
can’t fix. Mix some ginger juice with
a little lemon juice to help set the
stomach right. A couple of doses
every day can reduce these
problems substantially.
• Aids Digestion
• Ginger has the ability to battle
digestive problems in infants
effectively. Indigestion, bloating, and
constipation can all be prevented by
using ginger in your baby’s food.
47. Health
Benefits of
Ginger for
Infants
• Relieves Whooping Cough
• Whooping cough is contagious, and
prolonged coughing can cause abrasion in
the lungs. Your baby’s respiratory system
is delicate and needs something to give it a
boost. A mixture of ginger juice and honey,
given in small quantities, can help your
infant recover from the cough.
• Relieves Nausea and Motion Sickness
• Motion sickness can even happen to babies
when they travel onboard a car or plane. If
your baby faces nausea and motion
sickness, giving a small amount of ginger
can help keep the food down, and reduce
the chances of vomiting and acid reflux.
48. Health
Benefits of
Ginger
• Effectively treats cold and cough
• For many centuries, ginger has been
one of the prominent medicines for
treating cold and cough. It has been
proved due to the fact that the
biochemicals found in ginger control
the spread of rhinoviruses which are
responsible for spreading cold and
cough. So, you can give ginger
boiled in water when your baby is
suffering from cold and cough.
49. Fennel
• Fennel is a flowering plant species
in the carrot family. It is a hardy,
perennial herb with yellow flowers
and feathery leaves. It is indigenous
to the shores of the Mediterranean
but has become widely naturalized
in many parts of the world,
especially on dry soils near the sea-
coast and on riverbanks.
50.
51. Science-Based Benefits of
Fennel and Fennel Seeds
• 1. Highly nutritious
• Both fennel and its seeds are packed with
nutrients. Here’s the nutrition for 1 cup (87
grams) of raw fennel bulb and 1
tablespoon (6 grams) of dried fennel
seeds
53. 2. Contain
powerful
plant
compounds
• Perhaps the most impressive benefits
of fennel and fennel seeds come from
the antioxidants and potent plant
compounds they contain.
• Essential oil of the plant has been
shown to contain more than 87 volatile
compounds, including the polyphenol
antioxidants rosmarinic acid,
chlorogenic acid, quercetin, and
apigenin.
• Polyphenol antioxidants are potent
anti-inflammatory agents that have
powerful effects on your health.
54. 2. Contain
powerful
plant
compounds
• What’s more, over 28 compounds have
been identified in fennel seeds,
including anethole, fenchone, methyl
chavicol, and limonene.
• Animal and test-tube studies note that
the organic compoundanethole has
anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, and
anti-inflammatory properties .
• Finally, the plant compound limonene
helps combat free radicals and has been
shown to protect rat cells from damage
caused by certain chronic diseases .
55. Health
Benefits of
Fennel for
Infants
• 1. Protection From Microbes
• Infants always face the risk of infection from different
bacteria and fungi. Fennel seeds have been known to
contain various properties that are antimicrobial. These
provide protection from multiple pathogens and help keep
infants healthy.
• 2. Treating Disorders of the Digestive System
• Your baby might be constantly farting or suffering from a
bloating sensation in the stomach, which are all indicative
of the digestive system working incorrectly. Instead of
opting for any medication, give your child some fennel
water by boiling the seeds in it and straining them out. The
effects are instantaneous and quite effective
• 3. Remedying Any Colic Issues
• When any gas remains present in the stomach, it can start
causing painful cramps in the child. If a baby cannot pass a
fart, he might start crying uncontrollably. In such a case,
fennel water or fennel oil can be quite effective in reducing
the instances of such colic problems from occurring.
56. Health
benefits of
giving fennel
to your baby
• 4.Natural laxative: Fennel tea is
also beneficial for constipation.
Giving your baby, fennel tea
relieves from constipation.
Constipation is known to occur in
babies who are bottle-fed. In
bottle-fed babies, bacteria start
breeding and stops friendly
bacteria from growing, which help
in peristaltic movements in the
colon. Fennel tea is helpful in
clearing constipation resulting in a
healthy digestive system and
healthy baby. (A McIntyre, Herbal
Treatment of Children).
57. Health
benefits of
giving
fennel to
your baby
Again……
• Remedy for respiratory diseases: Fennel seeds are
also helpful in relieving from respiratory disorders
such as cough, asthma, bronchitis and lung
abscesses. Juice of fennel leaves is beneficial for these
respiratory diseases. If fennel leaves are not
available, then tea of fennel seeds can also be used.
(Bakhru, Herbs That Heal).
• Antimicrobial properties: Fennel seeds contain
antimicrobial properties. The antimicrobial properties
control bacteria as well as fungal species. Most
importantly, pathogenic microbes were controlled by
fennel. (Rather et al, 2012)
• Supply of anti-oxidants: The importance of anti-
oxidants is perhaps under estimated in babies. Babies
have a good appetite and eat relatively heavier for
their size. The reason being fast growth. Because of
the heavy appetite, babies release lot of free radicals.
These free radicals have to be countered with anti-
oxidants as they can damage the surrounding tissues
and cells. Fennel with its antioxidant properties can be
given on a regularly in the form of fennel tea to
babies. (Rather et al, 2012).
59. THE COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
• ANTIFLATULENTS + OTHERS
PRODUCT INGREDIENTS PACK PRICE COMPANY REMARKS
MAT
Mar
2022
Units
MAT Mar
2022
LC Value
MAT Mar
2022
growth%
Nono water Caraway oil+dill
oil+sodium bicarbonate
120ml
Git distrbuances
16.75 dbk
OTHER GI COMBINATIONS 592,568 8,217,837 -17.12%
Gripe water
smile syrup
Terpene less dill
seed oil + sodium
bicarbonate
120 ml 23.5 napco 1-6 months 5ml
6-12 months 2*5ml to be taken
during or after feed up not more
than 6 times in a day ..launch in
2021
225,753 5,305,208 100.00%
Calma king dill seed oil +
sodium bicarbonae+
Caraway oil
120ml 30 pharmanet Antispsmodic carminative and
mild sedative effect +antacid
effect
For infant &children:
Up to 6 months 5ml 3 times. 6-12
months 10 ml 3 times over 12 months
15 ml 3 times .
Given directly or in the baby bottle.
134,983 2,785,194 -3.84%
61. PLAIN ANTIFLATULENTS
PRODUCT INGREDIENTS PACK
&PRICE
PRICE COMPANY MAT Mar
2022
Units
MAT Mar
2022
LC Value
MAT Mar
2022
growth%
Dentinox infant
colic drops
dimeticone 100ml 50 interpharma
1,100,297 33,834,141 -49.89%
Simethicone
2% oral drops
simethicone 30ml 10 Amriya
2,694,123 22,946,434 14.44%
Simedill
emulsion
dill seed oil +
simethicone
120ml 18 saja
564,070 10,153,260 14.54%
62. RX Analysis
RX (Thousands) Ped % of total RX Gp
% of total RX
DENTINOX 701.621 (682.622) 97% (18.999) 3%
SIMETHICONE 484.215 (450.262) 93% (27.723) 7%
SIMEDILL 295.901 (295.901) 100% ………….
NONOO WATER 130.021 (126.801) 98% (3.220) 2%
SANSO BABY WATER 85.049 (79.060) 93% (5.989) 7%
GRIPE WATER 15.536 (15.536) 100%
63. OUR PLAN OF ACTIONS
• Targeting : Pediatricians ,segments ( all
stages from infancy to children).
• Positioning: powerful natural remedy for
digestive issues (From gas and colic in
babies to indigestion and constipation in
children).
• Our slogan
No more crying
for little tummies
64.
65.
66.
67.
68. Thank you &
Good luck
By: Dr. Mohamad Gaber
Phone: 01022133330
E mail: mohamadgabber@gmail.com