The document provides background information on Gandhi's leadership of the Indian independence movement through non-violent civil disobedience. It discusses how Gandhi advocated for satyagraha (non-violent direct action) and led campaigns such as the salt march to protest British salt taxes and gain independence for India. The document also explains key events that grew nationalist sentiment in India such as the Rowlatt Act and Amritsar Massacre, and how Gandhi's approach ultimately helped India achieve self-rule and independence from Britain.