This document discusses various ways to express future tenses in English. It explains the use of will + verb for predictions, decisions, threats, promises and uncertain plans. The future continuous uses will be + verbing to refer to actions in progress at a future time or as a result of arrangements. The future perfect uses will + have + past participle to refer to actions finished before a stated future time. Be going to + verb expresses future plans and intentions. The present simple and present continuous can also be used with future meaning in certain contexts like timetables and fixed near-future arrangements.

1. Future Tenses
Spotlight 10th form

2. Future Simple
will + V
 We use the future simple:
 1) for predictions(предсказаний) about the future( usually with the
verbs: hope (надеяться), think, believe, expect, imagine, etc; with the
expressions: I'm sure, I'm afraid, etc; with the adverbs: probably,
perhaps, etc)
I believe he will have to cancel his trip.
She'll probably be late.
 2) for on-the-spot decisions
I'm so tired. I'll take a break.
 3) for threats.
If you don't study hard, you will fail your exams.
 4) for hopes, fears, offers, promises, warnings, predictions, requests,
comments, etc especially with: expect, hope, believe, I'm sure, I'm
afraid, probably etc.
I promise I won't forget you.
I'm afraid she will be busy tomorrow.
 5) for things we are not yet sure about or we haven't decided to do yet.
Maybe I'll go to the cinema later.

3. Future Simple
will + V
 NOTE: 'Shall' I/we is typically used in the
interrogative form when making suggestions, offers
and asking for advice.
Shall we go out later?
 Time expressions used with the future simple:
tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next
week/ month I year, tonight, soon, in a week!
month/year, etc.

4. Future Continuous
will be + Ving
 We use the future continuous:
 1) for actions(действий) which will be in progress at a stated
future time.
This time next week I'll be sunbathing in Barbados.
 2) for actions which will definitely happen in the future as a
result of a routine or arrangement.
She will be driving to Cheshire tonight.
 3) to ask politely(вежливо) about someone's plans for the
near future.
Will you be watching the show tonight?

5. Future Perfect
will + have + V(3)
 We use the future perfect:
 1) for an action which will be finished before a stated future
time.
She will have written her essay by 7 o'clock.
Time expressions used with the future perfect: before, by, by
then, by the time, until/till.
By the time she gets home, she will have driven for four hours.
 Time words
The future simple is not used after while, before, until, as soon
as, after, if, by the time or as.
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We use the present simple or present perfect instead:
I'll go out after I finish/have finished doing my homework. (NOT: after I will finish)
When (= At what time?) used as a question word can be followed by the future simple.
When (= at the time) used as a time word is followed by the present simple.
When will you go to Japan? (when = question word)
I'll call you when I finish work, (when = time word)

6. Other way to express future
Be (am/is/are)going to + V
 We use be going to:
 for future plans and intentions(намерениях).
She is going to go shopping tomorrow. (she's
planning to...)
Present Simple with future meaning
 Timetables/ programmes:
 The bus arrives at 2 o'clock in the morning.
Present Continuous with future meaning
 Fixed arrangements in the near future
/ am relaxing at home this weekend. (It's planned.)

7. Other way to express future
Be (am/is/are)going to + V
 We use be going to:
 for future plans and intentions(намерениях).
She is going to go shopping tomorrow. (she's
planning to...)
Present Simple with future meaning
 Timetables/ programmes:
 The bus arrives at 2 o'clock in the morning.
Present Continuous with future meaning
 Fixed arrangements in the near future
/ am relaxing at home this weekend. (It's planned.)