Fsekeping serendah final (f)11

DESIGN WITH CLIMATE :
Bioclimatic design approach in Sekeping Serendah
NAME : LOW JIA CHENG
STUDENT ID : 0314883
TUTOR : Ms Sharrianne
SEMESTER : July 2015

DESIGN WITH CLIMATE :
Bioclimatic design approach in Sekeping Serendah
Contents
Abstract ...........................................................................................................................................................1
1.0 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................2
2.0 Principles and definition of Bioclimatic Architecture ...............................................................................5
2.1 Principles of Bioclimatic Design Architecture ..................................................................................... 5
2.1.1 Passive Solar Heat Protection........................................................................................................ 6
2.1.2 Passive Cooling Techniques.......................................................................................................... 6
2.1.3 Day lighting techniques................................................................................................................. 6
3.0 Bioclimatic design concepts and techniques .............................................................................................7
3.1.1 Sustainable Concepts & Techniques.................................................................................................. 7
3.1.2 Location............................................................................................................................................. 7
3.1.3 Reflectivity ........................................................................................................................................ 7
3.1.4 Orientation......................................................................................................................................... 8
3.1.5 Windbreaks........................................................................................................................................ 8
3.1.6 Green roofs........................................................................................................................................ 9
3.1.7 Solar Shading and External Protection .............................................................................................. 9
4.0 Principles of Building Comfort ...............................................................................................................10
5.0 Site Contexts and Local Climate Considerations of sekeping serendah..........................................11
5.1 Shading................................................................................................................................................11
5.2 Ventilation...........................................................................................................................................11
5.3 Humidity..............................................................................................................................................11
5.4 Poetic feeling.......................................................................................................................................11
5.5 Local Climate ......................................................................................................................................12
6.0 Bioclimatic Design Features Adopted in Sekeping Serendah and its Relation to Building Comfort15
6.1 Shading and daylighting ......................................................................................................................15
6.2. Material Selection...............................................................................................................................16
6.3 Ventilation...........................................................................................................................................18
7.0 Conclusion...............................................................................................................................................27
8.0 References ...............................................................................................................................................28

DESIGN WITH CLIMATE : Bioclimatic design approach in Sekeping Serendah
1
Abstract
This paper will study and investigate on the concepts and techniques of
design with climate, the definition and principles of bioclimatic approach in
building design and how Sekeping Serendah through the basic principles of
design with climate was able to fulfill comfortable building environment.
From the site analysis, it appeared that the sustainable and bioclimatic
design approach of Sekeping Serendah draws from the local vernacular of
simple structures sitting lightly on stilts. It demonstrated that we can build
and live harmoniously with the land even on very steep forested terrain
without the need to destroy too much. Further investigation and analysis
shows that sekeping serendah has incorporated principles of sustainable
design by using suitable and sustainable local materials , construction
technique and labours as much as possible. Bioclimatic design approach of
Sekeping Serendah capitalizes on the characteristics of the site (climate,
vegetation, topography and geology of the soil) in order to minimize the
energy needs of the building and to create a more comfortable environment
(hygro-thermal, acoustic, natural day-lighting, passive ventilation, space
layout and orientation, openness, etc) adapted to the ways and lifestyles of
the inhabitants and achieving building comfort without relying on mechanical
equipment .In addition, special attention is paid to respect the existing
landscape and integrate the building within it. The positioning and
orientation of the building as well as the interior distribution are calculated to
profit as much as possible from the solar gain but not interfere with building
comfort. In conclusion, Sekeping Serendah through the basic principles of
design with climate was able to fulfill comfortable building environment and
merge into a harmonious and aesthetically sound design product.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION
Located in Rawang, Selangor, Sekeping Serendah is a private retreat
sheds built on a forest site with hot and humid climate, roughly 45
minutes drive north from Kuala Lumpur. The site, largely consisting of
a steep valley, stream and remnant rainforest. The retreat consists of
10 different uniquely designed sheds and one characteristic that
distinguish themselves from each other is the distinctive choice of
materials. Some of the sheds use recycled timber as the main
materials, some are constructed using local laterite and concrete, while
others utilize glass and steel in design. The sheds are intentionally
kept basic and free from extravagances, aim to incur least disruption to
the forest and reduce long term maintenance. The sheds were
designed to respect and harmoniously intergrate into its natural
surroundings without neglecting the importance of human comfort. This
paper will investigate bioclimatic design approach of Sekeping
Serendah and its effectiveness in maintaining building comfort, energy
efficiency as it celebrates the forest and natural landscape within local
climate and successfully maintains the integrity and beauty of the land
and at the same time responding to the following research questions:
Question 1: What is the definition and principles of bioclimatic design
architecture
Question 2: what are the bioclimatic design concepts and techniques
commonly applied to achieve a more comfortable building
environment?
Question 3: what are the principles of building comfort and how do we
achieve sustainable comfortable environment through
bioclimatic design approach
Question 4: How Sekeping Serendah demonstrates an analytical
approach to site context and local climate management
can merge into a harmonious and aesthetically sound
design concept.
Question 5: What are the design features, local materials adapted and
how do they act as solution in achieving bioclimatic design
in Sekeping Serendah?

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Fig 1.0 Site plan of Sekeping Serendah.

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Fig 2.0 Location Plan Of Sekeping Serendah

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2.0 Principles and definition of Bioclimatic Architecture
Bio climate basically deals with the relationship between living things
and climate. The term "bioclimatic design" implies design which aims
to protect the environment and natural resources. Bioclimatic
Architecture is defined as an architecture which has a connection with
nature, it is about a building that takes into account the climate and
environmental conditions to favor optimal thermal comfort and visual
comfort of users as it establishes bonds with nature. This architecture
seeks perfect cohesion between design and natural elements (such as
the sun, wind, rain and vegetation), leading us to an optimization of
resources, avoiding complete dependence on mechanical systems,
which are regarded as support. Bioclimatic is a sector of architecture
that dominated by the principles of ecology and sustainability. The aim
of bioclimatic architecture is to create buildings that are designed in
order to fully cover their energy requirements without inducing
undesirable environmental impact.
2.1 Principles of Bioclimatic Design Architecture
The main principles of this architecture are:
- The reduction of energy consumption for heating, cooling, lighting
and equipment.
- The minimization of the building overall energy balance, covering
the design, construction, use and end of its life.
- The fulfillment of requirements of thermal comfort, safety, lighting
and occupancy of buildings.
Key elements of bioclimatic building design are passive systems,
which are the components of a building. Passive systems operate
with minimum or without mechanical components or additional
external power supply and naturally warm and cool buildings. Bio-
climatic architecture deals exclusively with building design
concepts, techniques and localized materials to achieve energy
efficiency and comfortable microclimate.
In a tropical country like Malaysia, bioclimatic design generally
can be divided into three categories:
 passive solar heat protection
 passive cooling techniques and
 Systems and day lighting techniques

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2.1.1 Passive Solar Heat Protection
In this approach, the location, site context, sun path and
orientation of the building is important to provide maximum solar
protection and minimum heat gain. The presence of surrounding
trees, landscaping features will be exploited to provide effective
shading against the overheating. Materials with good insulating
property like earth blocks, stones, timber logs used to clad the
exposed external façade facing the sun path provide effective
protection against significant amount of incident solar heat and
radiation. Vertical plantings, carefully designed and positioned
gardens with suitable selection of trees and green roof can also be
used to reduce the heat gain.
2.1.2 Passive Cooling Techniques
There are many passive cooling techniques and strategies that
can be applied in a warm climate like Malaysia. Using different
heat sinks: air, water, earth, high atmosphere, etc. Natural day and
night ventilation is the most applied technique in order to obtain
passive cooling; good ventilation design with appropriate
placement of openings based on the direction of wind will
effectively help to reduce indoor temperature when it is higher than
the external one and to cool the overall building during the night
time to improve Indoor thermal comfort. Other techniques for
passive cooling includes night flush cooling, direct and indirect
evaporative cooling, radiant cooling, as well as earth cooling.
2.1.3 Day lighting techniques
Day lighting or using sunlight to illuminate your building, is an
effective way to both decrease your building’s energy use and
make the interior environment more comfortable. The sun is
predictable and daylight can be a very reliable source of light, with
properly designed openings, windows, skylights and reflective
surfaces at strategic locations of the building usually at the north
and south facing facades along the sun path in Malaysia. This
provides sufficient diffused natural light and ensures effective
internal lighting, maximizes visual comfort during the day while
avoiding the problem of glare

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3.0 Bioclimatic design concepts and techniques
3.1.1 Sustainable Concepts & Techniques
The purpose of bioclimatic design is to create a favorable microclimate
both inside and outside of a building through Architectural Techniques.
Bioclimatic Architecture has become increasingly popular to the
general public due to its sustainability. In all types of climates and
regions across the world, bioclimatic homes and buildings are energy
efficient and cost effective. The reduction of the energy consumption
not only represents lower economic cost, but also cuts down on
pollution cause by production and reproduction of fuels.
The main point of bioclimatic design is to build with the climate and its
surroundings. Nature has a good way of mixing up the climatic
conditions (difference in air temperature, solar radiation, different air
directions, wind speed, and variation in humidity), which all can be
turned into some kind of energy source through multiple kinds of
Bioclimatic Architectural Techniques.
Bioclimatic design provides not only a large reduction of the
environmental impacts but also a reduction of operational costs. In the
end sustainable bioclimatic design is much smarter, money saving,
environmentally safe way to design buildings, and would have a huge
impact on the economy.
3.1.2 Location
The location of the building is a very important factor to the overall
layout of the design. Proper design of the building should utilize solar
radiation during the winter time and at the same time protect the
building from overheating in the summer time. The suitable location of
the building construction depends on the climate, the direction of the
winds, the presence of trees or other landscaping features, uses and
the internal layout of the building.
3.1.3 Reflectivity
When designing the exposed surface near the building, should take
special care to avoid the use of high-reflectivity materials (cement
slabs, asphalt, etc.) and to prefer vegetation with grass or other ground
cover plant species which absorb a significant proportion of solar
radiation and heat.

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The proper utilization of pervious flooring is important as it
reduces the runoff from paved areas, which reduces the need for
separate storm water retention ponds and also naturally filters
storm water and can reduce pollutant loads entering
into streams, ponds and rivers.
Pervious flooring functions like a storm water infiltration
basin and allows the storm water to infiltrate the soil over a large
area, thus facilitating recharge of precious groundwater supplies
locally. All of these benefits lead to more effective land use.
Pervious flooring can also reduce the impact of development
on trees. A previous flooring allows the transfer of both water and
air to root systems allowing trees to flourish even in highly
developed areas.
3.1.4 Orientation
It is important to provide maximum protection against western
sun. The west side of a building can be made with small
openings, protected by appropriate blind and shading (deciduous
trees, awnings, plant hedges, etc.).
The choice of plant species, the size at maturity, the way of
pruning and the exact sitting of solar light trajectory is important
for effective protection.
Evergreen vegetation layout can be designed, with a preference
for trees with dense foliage in combination with deciduous trees,
in order to provide effective cross ventilation and thermal comfort.
3.1.5 Windbreaks
Besides structural materials, plant hedges can be used to control
air flow. Shrubs, trees, and the combination of fences with other
materials can be used as windbreaks, creating zones of relative
calm on the leeward side. The open barriers, such as trees and
shrubs provide maximum reduction of wind speed in ratio of their
height. The size and shape of the barrier significantly affect the
effectiveness of protection. The thinner the element of protection
is; the greater the protected zone will be on the leeward side. A
key element of the obstacles is the density. Full windbreaks
provide an area of calm, but only very close to them, due to the
fact that after the obstacle, the wind quickly regains its
characteristics. Open windbreaks that consist of trees and
shrubs are crossing a part of the wind, which reduces turbulence
and create a broader zone of calm.

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3.1.6 Green roofs
Green Roofs - converting roofs into a garden, which is grown in
controlled conditions with environmental, energy and economic
benefits. By implementing a green roof on the roof of a building
reduces significantly the cost of cooling the building, the multi
layered roof and the vegetation acts as extra insulation
depending on the coverage and density of foliage.
Implementing green roofs at the urban web, improves the
balance of the ecosystem within cities, creating an excellent
microclimate and absorbs a large amount of dust and pollutants.
Through photosynthesis, plants produce more oxygen in the
atmosphere and reduce carbon dioxide. In this way, the wider
ecosystem enhances by helping reduce the "Heat island"
phenomenon and the "Greenhouse effect".
Some additional benefits of green roofs are the relief of the
sewerage network, the protection of the insulation from
mechanical stresses and temperature changes, the aesthetic
improvement, the increase of functional areas, the possibility of
farming into the urban web, the improved quality of life and the
protection of the ecosystem.
3.1.7 Solar Shading and External Protection
Proper design and location of a pergola or other shading
systems can provide the protection for the building against
overheating during the summer. In some climates the shading
devices may also be used to control wind driven airflows around
a building facade.
The choice of bioclimatic design for the building and its
surroundings can likely increase the total construction cost, but
that can be depreciated by the limited use of units of
conventional heating and air conditioning units. Furthermore, the
indicators of fertility and living standards will be optimized.

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4.0 Principles of Building Comfort
Buildings are designed to accomplish a task –to keep people
comfortable, efficient, healthy, and safe. Bioclimatic design seeks to
create buildings that keep people comfortable while minimizing
negative environmental impacts.
To keep people comfortable you need to provide the right mixture of
temperature, humidity, radiant temperature and air speed. The right
level of these variables depends on what activity is occurring, how
active the people are, and what they are wearing. Everyone has
slightly different criteria for comfort, so comfort is often measured by
the percentage of occupants who report they’re satisfied with the
conditions. Uncomfortable conditions in buildings - too hot, too cold,
too noisy, too dark, too light, too much glare-restrict the ability of
workers to function to full capacity and can lead to lowered job
satisfaction and increases in illness symptoms
To ensure comfortable environments, building design must have
comprehensive, integrated perspective that seeks to achieve:
Thermal Comfort - Maintain optimal thermal comfort
Visual Comfort - Create a high quality visual environment
Auditory Comfort - Provide a superior acoustic environment
Olfactory & - Maintain acceptable indoor air quality
Hygienic Comfort

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5.0 Site Contexts and Local Climate Considerations of
sekeping serendah
For the site contexts, the main characteristics are shading, ventilation,
humidity and poetic feeling.
5.1 Shading
The major characteristic of the site is the large number of trees.
Due to the site being a tropical forest area, the species of trees
that can be found there has long trunk and huge span of crown
area that provide excellent shading from the sun. Surrounded by
dense vegetation and with most of the sunlight obstructed by
heavy foliage, UV radiation and heat do not penetrate into the
forest and reach Sekeping Serendah, lowering the temperature
compared to an exposed site, both of which are under hot and
humid climate. Therefore, the temperature in the forest is
relatively low even during daytime and lower after nightfall.
5.2 Ventilation
Despite the benefits of reduced sunlight penetration and heat
gain of a dense vegetation, they contribute to the screening
effect that blocks most of the natural breezes from entering the
site, resulting in limited natural ventilation. Experience on the site
verified that minimum to no natural breezes can be felt during the
site visit.
5.3 Humidity
The humidity level on site is high as there is a high concentration
of water vapour in the air and moisture can be found on the
ground. Transpiration process of plants release moisture from
the pores on the leaves into outer atmosphere and contributes to
the water vapour concentration. Moreover, since the ventilation
on site is limited, the damp air cannot be easily replaced. These
two factors result in a high humidity level.
5.4 Poetic feeling
Although the shading effect on site is excellent, they do not
obstruct all of the natural light. What little sunlight that does
penetrate is actually welcomed as it creates a warm and poetic
experience in the forest. In addition, the sound of bugs buzzing
and birds chirping can be heard clearly throughout the
experience on site, resonating with the essence of nature on the
site.

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5.5 Local Climate
Sekeping Serendah, is located within Selangor, Malaysia, it is
important to understand its geography and nature of the
environment. Local climate is defined as equatorial or tropical,
having hot and humid throughout the year, with its temperature
ranging from 23 to 32°C and has a humidity level between 70
and 90%. Malaysia has two monsoon seasons; the Southwest
Monsoon (May - September) and the Northeast Monsoon
(November-March). When designing buildings with Malaysian
climate, the indoor temperature should remain at a range 23 to
26°C and the humidity level at 55-70% to ensure thermal comfort.
The building design should focus on reducing heat gain and
maximizing heat loss, at the same time optimize the use of
natural ventilation to reduce excess moisture present within the
space.
Fig 3. Walking towards the sheds

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Fig 4. The front entrance of Sekeping Serendah

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Fig 5. Vegetation and winding paths of Sekeping Serendah

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6.0 Bioclimatic Design Features Adopted in Sekeping
Serendah and its Relation to Building Comfort
Bioclimatic design features adopted in sekeping serendah can be
divided into three basic categories: shading and daylighting, material
selection and ventilation
6.1 Shading and daylighting
In Sekeping Serendah, shading is one of the main bioclimatic
design feature used to achieve thermal comfort, various types of
shading can be seen ranging from corrugated metal roof as well
as off form concrete slab. The sheds are placed deep in the
forest area with most of the sunlight and heat that associates
with it obstructed by the excellent shading provided by the dense
vegetation, the heat gain in the interior of the sheds are reduced.
Therefore, only minimum mechanical ventilation such as
mechanical fans is required to achieve thermal comfort and
ensure comfortable user experience. Without the need of air-
conditioning, the active energy usage is reduced and the sheds
becomes more sustainable. Corrugated polycarbonate plastic
and circular slab openings covered with glass panels are used as
roofing as well as skylights to shelter sheds from the heated sun
and also to maximize natural daylighting. These ‘skylights’ were
placed thoughtfully, which are in areas whereby most light is
needed such as the kitchen, living area and foyer. Furthermore,
the surrounding vegetation provide additional shading effect so
mostly only allow the diffuse light coming through the “skylights”
into the internal spaces with minimum glare and therefore
enhances users’ visual comfort. Large overhangs were also used
as passive heat protection; minimize direct solar radiation onto
the glass façade to maintain thermal comfort. Others shading
devices such as louvers, wooden planks, solar netting together
with surrounding vegetation were also used for the same
purpose.
In addition to the sufficient shading effect on site, the sheds are
orientated with their entrances facing south and away from direct
sunlight coming along the east-west axis. However, sunlight that
does penetrate is still welcomed into the interior by the openness
in design to create poetic feeling of the space. The overall spatial
experience of the interior created by the natural light is warm with
a sense of elegancy.

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6.2. Material Selection
A combination of basic localized sustainable materials consisting
of recycled timber, exposed bricks, laterite blocks, granite stones,
off form concrete, glass, steel and various metals were used in
designing the sheds’ envelope. Most of the materials were kept
raw with minimum or no coating/paint finish so v.o.c. emission is
kept to the minimum. The sheds required minimum maintenance.
Design of Sekeping serendah has incorporated principles of
sustainable design by using local materials as much as possible.
The approach is sustainable as the use of imported materials will
be too expensive given the cost of transportation.
Natural materials like laterite blocks, exposed bricks are porous
materials, they have the ability to absorb moisture and release
the moisture thru evaporation and thus help to regulate the
temperature and humidity in the sheds.
Timber is another commonly used material in Sekeping
Serendah retreat, Wood is the oldest material used by humans
for construction after stone. It is readily and economically
available; easily machinable; amenable to fabrication into an
infinite variety of sizes and shapes using simple on-site building
techniques; timber is exceptionally strong relative to its weight,
an excellent heat and electrical insulator as well.
It is a reusable, recyclable, renewable and biodegradable
resource. Timber is the most environmentally responsible
building material. Timber has low production energy
requirements and is a net carbon absorber. Well-managed
forests produce timber on a sustained continuous basis, with
minimal adverse effects on soil and water values.
The use of these natural materials help to provide thermal and
hygienic comfort of the sheds and their natural and rustic
appearance has resulted in an architectural masterpiece that
perfectly blended into the nature.
The primary building materials that are used to construct the
glass sheds are steel and glass. Steel is highly durable and
performs excellently either in compression or tension, as its
tensile strength and compressive strength are both very high.
Steel also has a high strength-to-weight ratio, thus it is
considered as a lightweight material. it is able to be recycled and
reused.

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The design draws from the local vernacular of simple structures
sitting lightly on the landscape, so the sheds are raised on stilts
within audible range of the stream. It was primarily to
demonstrate that we can build and live harmoniously with the
land even on very steep forested terrain without the need to
destroy too much. Steel and glass were chosen to celebrate the
context and cause least disruption, enabling the buildings to
disappear among the trees and blurring boundaries between
internal and external space. Use of steel and glass as the main
materials for the facade also maximize natural lighting and visual
comfort in the space.
In addition, the high strength of steel enables long span to create
large opening at the entrance. This helps to facilitate maximum
natural ventilation, even though it is limited on site. Together with
the reduced heat gain and enhanced ventilation, no air-
conditioning is needed to achieve thermal comfort, only minimum
mechanical ventilation such as fan, is used.
Glass is a transparent material that does not obstruct views
exchanged between the interior and the exterior. Unless
laminated or with proper shading devices installed, it has little to
no effect on blocking incoming heat and UV radiation from
entering the building that contributes to the heat gain. The
common problem of a building with curtain walls, façades that is
made up entirely with glass, is that it needs air-conditioning to
maintain interior thermal comfort. However, in the case of the
glass shed of Sekeping Serendah, due to the site itself having
such heavy foliage that provides excellent shading, glass can be
used to create the openness and transparency required by the
concept without compromising its sustainability, as most of the
heat is obstructed already. This is a good example of how the
site context influences the design in terms of the choice of
material. This openness and transparency resonate with the
concept of embracing the nature and blurring the line between
interior and exterior, in doing so creates a comfortable user
experience in terms of thermal comfort and spatial experience.
Concrete is widely used in all of the sheds, mainly due to its
durability. Concrete is an active component of a building’s energy
system. Its high thermal mass allows it to store heat from the sun,
helps moderate indoor temperatures, which reduces peak
heating and cooling loads, making building occupants more
comfortable.concrete can minimize the in-use energy demands
of a structure over its service life.

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The concrete elements used in sekeping serendah are all off-
formed without external plastering which has a much lower
lifespan and usually contain unwanted chemical in the mix. No
paint or coating as well.
Pervious materials like stone aggregate, compacted soil, mortar
bricks are used instead of usual concrete and tarmac for the
roads and walkways.
The use of pervious materials help to reduce the runoff from
paved areas, which reduces the need for separate storm
water retention ponds and also naturally filters storm water and
reduce pollutant loads entering into streams, ponds and rivers.
Pervious materials function like a storm water infiltration
basin and allows the storm water to infiltrate the soil over a large
area, thus facilitating recharge of precious groundwater supplies
locally allowing the transfer of both water and air to root systems
helping trees to flourish.
Landscape walls are of gabion walls of locally quarried stones
and dry wall construction, using locally available construction
techniques. Laterite walls and soil plaster are also a common
features in sekeping serendah, both are natural safe materials
that provide functional needs and at the same time blending
perfectly with the vegetations and natural surroundings.
6.3 Ventilation
Unlike Passive house design approach that seeks primarily to
insulate the building from its environment in order to protect it
from its nuisances and to rely on a highly technological
ventilation system, bioclimatic design approach of sekeping
serendah encourages direct contributions between the
environment and the natural airflow. The objectives are more or
less the same and it is the bioclimatic context that makes the
difference.
The sustainable and bioclimatic design approach of Sekeping
Serendah draws from the local vernacular of simple structures
sitting lightly on stilts taking advantage of the natural breeze and
wind passing through the retreat. Therefore, natural ventilation
can be integrated for passive cooling. The sheds were designed
with large, open double volume spaces, walls are minimum and
limited to specific private areas only. Special designed gaps and
holes together with openings such as louvers, windows allow the
prevailing wind to pass through.

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The warm air inside the shed is thus being replaced with fresh
cool air from the outside, and moisture that trapped within the
spaces can also be reduced and thus preventing stagnant
odours and mold or bacteria from forming. The buildings can
then maintain the thermal comfort and at the same time hygienic
and olfactory comfort as well.
The sheds in Sekeping Serendah are strategically and
individually placed so they are integrated into the natural
surroundings and dense vegetation. In doing so, each shed is
isolated from each other and buffered from the potential noise
sources for maximum auditory comfort. The sheds are carefully
orientated to receive maximum cross ventilation.
Fig 6. Front Porch of glass shed

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Fig 7. Traditional Malay Architecture & Modern Glass Shed

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Fig 8. Skylight used for natural day lighting and building protection

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Fig 9. Built on stilt to suit the terrain and provide effective cross ventilation

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Fig 10. Louvres, screen, pergola, for ventilation and thermal control

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Fig 11. Concrete roof, metal corrugated with spectacular cantilever

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Fig 12. Use of loose aggregate as pervious materials

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Fig 13. Materials – laterite block, granie stone, recycled pallet wood ,
exposed bricks , fairface concrete

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7.0 Conclusion
In conclusion, Sekeping Serendah has demonstrated how an analytical
approach to climate management can merge into a harmonious and
aesthetically sound design concept. Bioclimatic and sustainable passive
design approach of sekeping serendah capitalizes on the
characteristics of the site context in order to minimize the energy needs
of the building and to create a more comfortable environment adapted
to the ways and lifestyles of the inhabitants. The retreat has
successfully establish a connection with nature and at the same time
achieve the building comfort for the internal as well as exterior spaces
for the visitors through the bioclimatic design approach. Bioclimatic
design approach is able to achieve passive building comfort and
economically viable as well without spending too much on mechanical
cost. Last but not least, Sustainability and practicality of bioclimatic
approach is gaining popularity as logical alternative when designing a
building.

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