The document discusses the process for releasing and registering new fruit crop varieties in India. It provides details on:
1) The agencies involved at different levels of the variety release and registration process - including institute, state, central and protection levels.
2) Procedures for registering varieties with the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR) and Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Authority (PPV&FRA).
3) An example of a recent variety proposal submitted for Pusa Swarnika grape at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, including justification, trial results, and disease resistance properties.
Maintenance breeding is the branch of plant breeding that deals with producing and maintaining breeder seed to preserve the genetic purity and identity of plant varieties. It involves continuously producing fresh breeder seed through methods like growing isolated plots and bulk selection to remove off-types. Proper handling and roguing of the breeder seed crop is crucial. The breeder seed is then used to produce foundation seed while maintaining a carry-over stock to safeguard against losses. Maintenance breeding helps purify varieties and parental lines, prevent genetic deterioration, support quality seed production, and prolong the life of varieties.
The document discusses potato breeding, including the origin, botany, genetics, and breeding methods of potato. It provides details on several commercial potato varieties grown in India and their characteristics. The document also covers topics like biotechnology, future prospects, and the development of true potato seeds.
Seed inspectors are appointed by state governments to enforce seed quality control laws. They have various qualifications and duties including integrity, knowledge of seed standards, sampling procedures, and enforcement powers. Inspectors are responsible for drawing representative samples, sending them for analysis, investigating potential offenses, and taking actions like stop sale orders or seizures if standards are not met. They aim to educate industry and ensure compliance with laws to protect seed quality and the industry.
This document provides information on eggplant (Solanum melangena). It discusses the family, scientific name, leading countries of cultivation, origin, botanical classification, varieties, hybridization, morphology, anthesis, pollination, fertilization, and artificial hybridization techniques of eggplant. It summarizes key details on the plant's structure, flowering characteristics and processes, and breeding methods.
This document provides information on the history, breeding methods, and genetic resources of banana. It discusses how banana breeding was started in Trinidad and Jamaica in the 1920s to develop Fusarium wilt resistant varieties. Important breeding programs and achievements are highlighted from India, including the development of hybrid varieties BRS-1 and BRS-2 at Kerala Agricultural University. Mutation breeding has also led to new varieties. The objectives of banana breeding include developing dwarf, disease resistant varieties with good quality fruit suited for different agro-ecological zones.
Single seed descent (SSD) is a method of rapidly inbreeding plant populations by advancing generations through growing individual seeds from each plant in isolation. It separates the inbreeding and selection phases of plant breeding to speed up the process. With SSD, a single seed is harvested from each F2 plant and bulked, then the bulk is planted to produce the F3 generation. This continues for several generations until homozygosity is achieved, at which point lines can be tested. SSD allows for faster generation advancement than pedigree breeding methods while maintaining genetic diversity from the original cross. Some disadvantages are the inability to track superior early generation plants and reduced ability to select through progeny performance.
This document summarizes the inflorescence, flowers, seed formation, and seed parts of pearl millet plants. It describes that pearl millet has a panicle inflorescence that can take different shapes and contains spikelets with 2-4 flowers. Each flower has staminate and hermaphrodite forms. Pollination occurs through the wind and is protogynous. Seeds form in a caryopsis and vary in shape, color, and size depending on their position in the panicle. Seed development progresses through stages until maturity.
Maintenance breeding is the branch of plant breeding that deals with producing and maintaining breeder seed to preserve the genetic purity and identity of plant varieties. It involves continuously producing fresh breeder seed through methods like growing isolated plots and bulk selection to remove off-types. Proper handling and roguing of the breeder seed crop is crucial. The breeder seed is then used to produce foundation seed while maintaining a carry-over stock to safeguard against losses. Maintenance breeding helps purify varieties and parental lines, prevent genetic deterioration, support quality seed production, and prolong the life of varieties.
The document discusses potato breeding, including the origin, botany, genetics, and breeding methods of potato. It provides details on several commercial potato varieties grown in India and their characteristics. The document also covers topics like biotechnology, future prospects, and the development of true potato seeds.
Seed inspectors are appointed by state governments to enforce seed quality control laws. They have various qualifications and duties including integrity, knowledge of seed standards, sampling procedures, and enforcement powers. Inspectors are responsible for drawing representative samples, sending them for analysis, investigating potential offenses, and taking actions like stop sale orders or seizures if standards are not met. They aim to educate industry and ensure compliance with laws to protect seed quality and the industry.
This document provides information on eggplant (Solanum melangena). It discusses the family, scientific name, leading countries of cultivation, origin, botanical classification, varieties, hybridization, morphology, anthesis, pollination, fertilization, and artificial hybridization techniques of eggplant. It summarizes key details on the plant's structure, flowering characteristics and processes, and breeding methods.
This document provides information on the history, breeding methods, and genetic resources of banana. It discusses how banana breeding was started in Trinidad and Jamaica in the 1920s to develop Fusarium wilt resistant varieties. Important breeding programs and achievements are highlighted from India, including the development of hybrid varieties BRS-1 and BRS-2 at Kerala Agricultural University. Mutation breeding has also led to new varieties. The objectives of banana breeding include developing dwarf, disease resistant varieties with good quality fruit suited for different agro-ecological zones.
Single seed descent (SSD) is a method of rapidly inbreeding plant populations by advancing generations through growing individual seeds from each plant in isolation. It separates the inbreeding and selection phases of plant breeding to speed up the process. With SSD, a single seed is harvested from each F2 plant and bulked, then the bulk is planted to produce the F3 generation. This continues for several generations until homozygosity is achieved, at which point lines can be tested. SSD allows for faster generation advancement than pedigree breeding methods while maintaining genetic diversity from the original cross. Some disadvantages are the inability to track superior early generation plants and reduced ability to select through progeny performance.
This document summarizes the inflorescence, flowers, seed formation, and seed parts of pearl millet plants. It describes that pearl millet has a panicle inflorescence that can take different shapes and contains spikelets with 2-4 flowers. Each flower has staminate and hermaphrodite forms. Pollination occurs through the wind and is protogynous. Seeds form in a caryopsis and vary in shape, color, and size depending on their position in the panicle. Seed development progresses through stages until maturity.
GPB 311: Maize- Centre of origin, distribution of species, wild relatives and major breeding objectives and procedures for development of varieties and hybrids for improvement yield, adoptability, stability, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and quality of Maize
CULTIVATION OF OKRA , PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF OKRA ,Arvind Yadav
OKRA
Scientific Name : Abelmoschus esculentus
Family : Malvaceae,
Chromosome number : 2n=72, 108,130
Origin : Asiatic region /Etthiopea/Africa.
Common names : Bhendi, Lady’s FingerEconomic importance and uses :-
Okra is more remunerative than the leafy vegetables.
Tender green fruits are cooked in curry and also used in soups. The root and stem are useful for clearing cane juice in preparation of jaggery.
Okra is rich in vitamins, calcium, potassium and other minerals. 100g consumable unripe bhendi fruits contain 10.4g dry matter, 3,100 calorie energy, 1.8g protein.
The dry seeds contain 13-22% edible oil and 20-24% protein.Area and production:-
India is the largest producer of okra in the world. The major bhendi growing states are Utter Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar and West Bengal.
Popular varieties:-
Pusa Makhmali
Pusa Sawani
Arka Anamika (Selection 10)
Arka Abhay (Selection
Punjab Padmini
Punjab -7
Parbhani Kranti
Varsha Uphar (HRB 9-2)
Gujarat Bhendi 1
The document discusses guidelines for releasing and notifying crop cultivars in India. It explains that releasing a cultivar makes it available for public cultivation and allows farmers to choose varieties, while notification regulates seed quality under the Seeds Act. The process involves variety evaluation through regional trials over multiple locations and years before the State and Central Variety Release Committees decide on release. Notified varieties can then be certified to ensure standard seed quality. Advantages of notification include compulsory certification for seed production and regulation of quality for seed sales. Examples of notified rice, wheat and black gram varieties in different states are also provided.
This document provides information about lentils (Lens culinaris), including:
1. Lentils are an important pulse crop grown mainly in Canada, India, Turkey, US, and Australia, with India producing about 0.6 million tons annually.
2. Lentils have a diploid chromosome number of 2n=2x=14. Their center of origin is the Near East and they were first domesticated there.
3. Breeding objectives for lentils include increasing yield, improving seed size/color/quality for different market classes, and improving resistance to diseases, insects, drought, and lodging.
Floral biology and crossing techniques in groundnutManjappa Ganiger
1) Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is an important oilseed crop grown in tropical and warm regions between 400N to 400S latitude. India is the second largest producer after China.
2) The document discusses the floral biology, crossing techniques, breeding objectives and future thrusts in groundnut improvement. It details the flowering, pollination, peg formation and pod development process.
3) Major breeding objectives are increasing yield, biotic and abiotic stress resistance including drought, diseases, and temperature stresses, and improving quality traits like oil content. Using wild species to enhance the gene pool and transgenic approaches are suggested for future stress resistance.
This document provides information on chilli breeding in India. It discusses the botanical details of chilli and its importance as a crop rich in nutrients and used widely in curries. It presents data on the area and production of chilli in India from 2010-2015. It then outlines some common chilli breeding methods and objectives such as developing early maturity, high yield, and stress resistance. The document concludes by describing several popular chilli varieties developed in India, including Arka Lohit, Arka Sweta, Arka Harita, and Arka Suphal, as well as some chilli hybrids like TNAU Hybrid Chilli CO 1, Arka Meghana, Pusa Jwala, and
1) Sunflower is an important oil crop cultivated worldwide for its edible oil. India introduced sunflower from the Soviet Union in 1969 and it is now grown in states like Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Punjab.
2) Breeding objectives for sunflower include developing short duration varieties, increasing oil content, improving disease resistance, and developing self-fertile lines not requiring hand-pollination.
3) Breeding methods used include introduction, mass selection, hybridization and selection. Popular hybrids developed through heterosis breeding include BSH-1 and KBSH-41.
Seed refers to a fertilized ovule containing an embryo that can develop into a new plant. Scientifically, seed is defined as a fertilized mature ovule covered by a seed coat. There are several types of propagating materials that are also considered seeds, including tubers, bulbs, rhizomes, roots, cuttings, and grafts. Seeds are classified into different categories based on their origin and intended use, including nucleus, breeder, foundation, and certified seeds, with each subsequent category representing a larger scale of multiplication while maintaining genetic and physical purity standards.
Berseem, or Egyptian clover, is an important winter forage crop grown in northern India. It provides nutritious green forage for livestock for 6-7 months each year through multiple cuttings. Berseem originated in Southwest Asia and was introduced to India in the 19th century. It grows best in a cool climate with temperatures between 25-27°C and adequate rainfall or irrigation. Breeding efforts aim to develop varieties with higher yield, better forage quality, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Further genetic improvement of berseem is limited by its narrow genetic base.
This document provides instructions for selfing and crossing techniques in cotton. It describes that cotton is often cross-pollinated at a rate of 75% selfing and 25% crossing. The first flower to open is on the lower side and near the main axis. For selfing, the unopened floral bud is tied with thread or covered with a paper bag. For crossing, the male flower is emasculated in the evening before dehiscence and the pollen is collected and applied to the stigma of the female flower the next morning. Both selfed and crossed plants are labeled with the variety names, dates, and signatures.
This document summarizes the process of hybrid seed production for maize. It discusses selecting appropriate parent lines and maintaining isolation distances between male and female lines. Key steps include planting ratios, detasseling the male plants, roguing undesirable plants, and harvesting when seeds reach proper maturity. Multiple inspections are needed to ensure genetic purity is maintained throughout production. Proper post-harvest handling and storage is also important for high quality hybrid maize seed.
This case study describes a coconut breeding program in Vanuatu that aimed to develop varieties tolerant to Coconut Fatal Disease (CFD). The program crossed the local Vanuatu Tall variety with the introduced Rennell Island Tall variety. Offspring were screened for CFD tolerance and the least susceptible were self-pollinated and backcrossed to Vanuatu Tall to introgress tolerance. Selected self-pollinated Rennell Island Tall were also intercrossed in an effort to build tolerance into the local germplasm. The goal was to genetically determine the mechanism of CFD tolerance and develop varieties tolerant to the disease before it potentially spreads further.
Cotton, origin, Floral structure & biology, Breeding Techniques, ChallengesSrikanth H N
Cotton is an important crop grown in over 80 countries. The document discusses the taxonomy of cotton including its four main cultivated species, centers of origin, and genetic composition. It summarizes India's role as the largest producer and consumer of cotton globally, as well as details on production, state distribution, and high-yielding varieties used. Breeding methods including introduction, selection, hybridization, and biotechnology are outlined. Pests, diseases, and future research priorities are also mentioned.
This document provides information on hybrid seed production techniques for cucurbits. It discusses the floral biology of cucurbits, which are mostly monoecious with male and female flowers on the same plant. It describes the process of hybrid seed production, which involves bagging male and female flowers separately, rubbing pollen from the male parent onto the stigma of the female parent, and rebagging to avoid contamination. It also discusses other techniques like using gynoecious lines in cucumber and chemical induction of sex forms. Key steps in hybrid seed production and processing like field inspection, rouging, harvesting, and seed extraction methods are outlined.
- Hybrid rice is produced by crossing two genetically different rice varieties, with one parent being a cytoplasmic male sterile line used as the female parent. Hybrid rice combines desirable traits from both parent lines.
- China was the first to develop commercial hybrid rice in 1976, and now covers over 50% of its rice area with hybrid varieties. Hybrids on average yield 10% higher than traditional varieties.
- India launched a hybrid rice program in 1989 and by 2008, hybrids occupied 1.4 million hectares and increased production by 1.5-2.5 million tons annually. Major states like West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh have potential to further expand area under hybrid rice.
- Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is the second most consumed vegetable in the world after potatoes. It is cultivated throughout temperate and tropical regions for its nutrient-rich fruit.
- Tomatoes originate from the Andean region of South America but were domesticated in Mexico. They were later spread worldwide by Europeans.
- Tomatoes have chasmogamous flowers that self-pollinate but can also cross-pollinate up to 47% depending on conditions. Manual pollination techniques include emasculation, pollen collection and application.
The document summarizes a study that evaluated 13 haricot bean varieties for yield and other agronomic traits at the Haro Sabu Agricultural Research Center in Ethiopia. The three highest yielding varieties were ICAP-0056 (22.2 qt/ha), Ibado (21.7 qt/ha), and GLP-2 (19.5 qt/ha). ICAP-0056 yielded 24.3% more than the local check variety. The study found significant differences between varieties for traits like days to flowering, days to maturity, seeds per pod, pods per plant, and plant height. ICAP-0056, Ibado and GLP-2 were recommended as promising varieties for the
The document summarizes a study that evaluated 13 haricot bean varieties for yield and other agronomic traits at the Haro Sabu Agricultural Research Center in Ethiopia. The highest yielding varieties were ICAP-0056 (22.2 qt/ha), Ibado (21.7 qt/ha), and GLP-2 (19.5 qt/ha). These three varieties showed significantly higher yields than the local check (5.4 qt/ha) and were recommended for the study area. Significant differences among varieties were found for traits like days to flowering, days to maturity, seeds per pod, pods per plant, and hundred seed weight. The study aims to identify adaptable, high yielding varieties to
GPB 311: Maize- Centre of origin, distribution of species, wild relatives and major breeding objectives and procedures for development of varieties and hybrids for improvement yield, adoptability, stability, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and quality of Maize
CULTIVATION OF OKRA , PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF OKRA ,Arvind Yadav
OKRA
Scientific Name : Abelmoschus esculentus
Family : Malvaceae,
Chromosome number : 2n=72, 108,130
Origin : Asiatic region /Etthiopea/Africa.
Common names : Bhendi, Lady’s FingerEconomic importance and uses :-
Okra is more remunerative than the leafy vegetables.
Tender green fruits are cooked in curry and also used in soups. The root and stem are useful for clearing cane juice in preparation of jaggery.
Okra is rich in vitamins, calcium, potassium and other minerals. 100g consumable unripe bhendi fruits contain 10.4g dry matter, 3,100 calorie energy, 1.8g protein.
The dry seeds contain 13-22% edible oil and 20-24% protein.Area and production:-
India is the largest producer of okra in the world. The major bhendi growing states are Utter Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar and West Bengal.
Popular varieties:-
Pusa Makhmali
Pusa Sawani
Arka Anamika (Selection 10)
Arka Abhay (Selection
Punjab Padmini
Punjab -7
Parbhani Kranti
Varsha Uphar (HRB 9-2)
Gujarat Bhendi 1
The document discusses guidelines for releasing and notifying crop cultivars in India. It explains that releasing a cultivar makes it available for public cultivation and allows farmers to choose varieties, while notification regulates seed quality under the Seeds Act. The process involves variety evaluation through regional trials over multiple locations and years before the State and Central Variety Release Committees decide on release. Notified varieties can then be certified to ensure standard seed quality. Advantages of notification include compulsory certification for seed production and regulation of quality for seed sales. Examples of notified rice, wheat and black gram varieties in different states are also provided.
This document provides information about lentils (Lens culinaris), including:
1. Lentils are an important pulse crop grown mainly in Canada, India, Turkey, US, and Australia, with India producing about 0.6 million tons annually.
2. Lentils have a diploid chromosome number of 2n=2x=14. Their center of origin is the Near East and they were first domesticated there.
3. Breeding objectives for lentils include increasing yield, improving seed size/color/quality for different market classes, and improving resistance to diseases, insects, drought, and lodging.
Floral biology and crossing techniques in groundnutManjappa Ganiger
1) Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is an important oilseed crop grown in tropical and warm regions between 400N to 400S latitude. India is the second largest producer after China.
2) The document discusses the floral biology, crossing techniques, breeding objectives and future thrusts in groundnut improvement. It details the flowering, pollination, peg formation and pod development process.
3) Major breeding objectives are increasing yield, biotic and abiotic stress resistance including drought, diseases, and temperature stresses, and improving quality traits like oil content. Using wild species to enhance the gene pool and transgenic approaches are suggested for future stress resistance.
This document provides information on chilli breeding in India. It discusses the botanical details of chilli and its importance as a crop rich in nutrients and used widely in curries. It presents data on the area and production of chilli in India from 2010-2015. It then outlines some common chilli breeding methods and objectives such as developing early maturity, high yield, and stress resistance. The document concludes by describing several popular chilli varieties developed in India, including Arka Lohit, Arka Sweta, Arka Harita, and Arka Suphal, as well as some chilli hybrids like TNAU Hybrid Chilli CO 1, Arka Meghana, Pusa Jwala, and
1) Sunflower is an important oil crop cultivated worldwide for its edible oil. India introduced sunflower from the Soviet Union in 1969 and it is now grown in states like Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Punjab.
2) Breeding objectives for sunflower include developing short duration varieties, increasing oil content, improving disease resistance, and developing self-fertile lines not requiring hand-pollination.
3) Breeding methods used include introduction, mass selection, hybridization and selection. Popular hybrids developed through heterosis breeding include BSH-1 and KBSH-41.
Seed refers to a fertilized ovule containing an embryo that can develop into a new plant. Scientifically, seed is defined as a fertilized mature ovule covered by a seed coat. There are several types of propagating materials that are also considered seeds, including tubers, bulbs, rhizomes, roots, cuttings, and grafts. Seeds are classified into different categories based on their origin and intended use, including nucleus, breeder, foundation, and certified seeds, with each subsequent category representing a larger scale of multiplication while maintaining genetic and physical purity standards.
Berseem, or Egyptian clover, is an important winter forage crop grown in northern India. It provides nutritious green forage for livestock for 6-7 months each year through multiple cuttings. Berseem originated in Southwest Asia and was introduced to India in the 19th century. It grows best in a cool climate with temperatures between 25-27°C and adequate rainfall or irrigation. Breeding efforts aim to develop varieties with higher yield, better forage quality, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Further genetic improvement of berseem is limited by its narrow genetic base.
This document provides instructions for selfing and crossing techniques in cotton. It describes that cotton is often cross-pollinated at a rate of 75% selfing and 25% crossing. The first flower to open is on the lower side and near the main axis. For selfing, the unopened floral bud is tied with thread or covered with a paper bag. For crossing, the male flower is emasculated in the evening before dehiscence and the pollen is collected and applied to the stigma of the female flower the next morning. Both selfed and crossed plants are labeled with the variety names, dates, and signatures.
This document summarizes the process of hybrid seed production for maize. It discusses selecting appropriate parent lines and maintaining isolation distances between male and female lines. Key steps include planting ratios, detasseling the male plants, roguing undesirable plants, and harvesting when seeds reach proper maturity. Multiple inspections are needed to ensure genetic purity is maintained throughout production. Proper post-harvest handling and storage is also important for high quality hybrid maize seed.
This case study describes a coconut breeding program in Vanuatu that aimed to develop varieties tolerant to Coconut Fatal Disease (CFD). The program crossed the local Vanuatu Tall variety with the introduced Rennell Island Tall variety. Offspring were screened for CFD tolerance and the least susceptible were self-pollinated and backcrossed to Vanuatu Tall to introgress tolerance. Selected self-pollinated Rennell Island Tall were also intercrossed in an effort to build tolerance into the local germplasm. The goal was to genetically determine the mechanism of CFD tolerance and develop varieties tolerant to the disease before it potentially spreads further.
Cotton, origin, Floral structure & biology, Breeding Techniques, ChallengesSrikanth H N
Cotton is an important crop grown in over 80 countries. The document discusses the taxonomy of cotton including its four main cultivated species, centers of origin, and genetic composition. It summarizes India's role as the largest producer and consumer of cotton globally, as well as details on production, state distribution, and high-yielding varieties used. Breeding methods including introduction, selection, hybridization, and biotechnology are outlined. Pests, diseases, and future research priorities are also mentioned.
This document provides information on hybrid seed production techniques for cucurbits. It discusses the floral biology of cucurbits, which are mostly monoecious with male and female flowers on the same plant. It describes the process of hybrid seed production, which involves bagging male and female flowers separately, rubbing pollen from the male parent onto the stigma of the female parent, and rebagging to avoid contamination. It also discusses other techniques like using gynoecious lines in cucumber and chemical induction of sex forms. Key steps in hybrid seed production and processing like field inspection, rouging, harvesting, and seed extraction methods are outlined.
- Hybrid rice is produced by crossing two genetically different rice varieties, with one parent being a cytoplasmic male sterile line used as the female parent. Hybrid rice combines desirable traits from both parent lines.
- China was the first to develop commercial hybrid rice in 1976, and now covers over 50% of its rice area with hybrid varieties. Hybrids on average yield 10% higher than traditional varieties.
- India launched a hybrid rice program in 1989 and by 2008, hybrids occupied 1.4 million hectares and increased production by 1.5-2.5 million tons annually. Major states like West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh have potential to further expand area under hybrid rice.
- Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is the second most consumed vegetable in the world after potatoes. It is cultivated throughout temperate and tropical regions for its nutrient-rich fruit.
- Tomatoes originate from the Andean region of South America but were domesticated in Mexico. They were later spread worldwide by Europeans.
- Tomatoes have chasmogamous flowers that self-pollinate but can also cross-pollinate up to 47% depending on conditions. Manual pollination techniques include emasculation, pollen collection and application.
The document summarizes a study that evaluated 13 haricot bean varieties for yield and other agronomic traits at the Haro Sabu Agricultural Research Center in Ethiopia. The three highest yielding varieties were ICAP-0056 (22.2 qt/ha), Ibado (21.7 qt/ha), and GLP-2 (19.5 qt/ha). ICAP-0056 yielded 24.3% more than the local check variety. The study found significant differences between varieties for traits like days to flowering, days to maturity, seeds per pod, pods per plant, and plant height. ICAP-0056, Ibado and GLP-2 were recommended as promising varieties for the
The document summarizes a study that evaluated 13 haricot bean varieties for yield and other agronomic traits at the Haro Sabu Agricultural Research Center in Ethiopia. The highest yielding varieties were ICAP-0056 (22.2 qt/ha), Ibado (21.7 qt/ha), and GLP-2 (19.5 qt/ha). These three varieties showed significantly higher yields than the local check (5.4 qt/ha) and were recommended for the study area. Significant differences among varieties were found for traits like days to flowering, days to maturity, seeds per pod, pods per plant, and hundred seed weight. The study aims to identify adaptable, high yielding varieties to
Research in sustainable intensification in the sub-humid maize-based cropping...africa-rising
This document summarizes research being conducted in Babati, Tanzania on sustainable intensification of maize-based cropping systems. The research is led by various institutions (IITA, ILRI, CIMMYT, etc.) and has the following objectives: 1) Identify biophysical and socioeconomic constraints to crop and livestock production; 2) Introduce and evaluate improved crop varieties; and 3) Develop postharvest technologies to reduce losses. The status of research deliverables is provided, showing preliminary results on crop yields, variety selection, fertilizer response, and mycotoxin contamination. Lessons learned are discussed, along with proposed research opportunities for 2013/14, such as addressing low yields, maize lethal
The study was conducted in Dholpur district of Rajasthan during 2012-2013 to evaluate the impact of front line demonstrations on productivity of pea variety Azad Pea-1. The variety Azad Pea-1 yielded 69.5 q/ha, which was 27.52% higher than the local variety yield of 54.5 q/ha. The technology gap was 5.5 q/ha and technology index was 7.33%. The demonstration variety had a higher net return of Rs. 114,000/ha and benefit-cost ratio of 5.56 compared to Rs. 89,000/ha and 5.45 for the local variety. The study demonstrated increased yields and profits for farmers through the
The document summarizes the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) approach to rice cultivation. Key points:
- SRI involves simple techniques like transplanting young seedlings with wide spacing to promote root and plant growth without changing rice varieties or increasing external inputs.
- SRI has been shown to increase yields in over 35 countries through improved soil health and plant growth. Yields increases of 50-100% are common.
- SRI benefits small-scale farmers through higher and more stable yields, lower costs, and greater resilience to stresses like drought or floods.
- The basic SRI ideas of young seedlings, wide spacing, and soil management to promote root and plant growth are now being
Communicated by Grzegorz Żurek Volume 73 2016 P L A N T .docxcargillfilberto
Communicated by Grzegorz Żurek
Volume 73 2016
P L A N T B R E E D I N G A N D S E E D S C I E N C E
Fardin Khazaei
1
, Majid AghaAlikhani
1
, Samad Mobasser
2
, Ali Mokhtassi-Bidgoli
1
,
Hesam Asharin
2
, Hossein Sadeghi
2
1
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran;
2
Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Agricultural Research,
Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
EVALUATION OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM, L.) SEED QUALITY
OF CERTIFIED SEED AND FARM- SAVED SEED
IN THREE PROVINCES OF IRAN
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to study the seed quality aspects of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and the
extent of weed seed contamination present in wheat seeds produced in different regions of Iran. Four districts
(cities), each including 12 fields (six certified seed fields and six farm-saved seed fields), were selected in
each regions (provinces). One kilogram of the wheat seed sample was collected from each field for analysis in
the laboratory. Wheat seeding was commonly done by farm-saved seed sourced from within the farm due to
the high costs of certified seeds purchased from outside sources, followed by the low seed quality. The use of
a farm-saved seed resulted in a higher germination rate and a lower mean time to germination compared with
another system. The more positive temperatures experienced by mother plants could decrease the number of
normal seedling and seedling length vigor index. Generally there was virtually no difference about physiologi-
cal quality between certified seed and farm- saved seed sector that is related to lower quality of certified seed.
The certified produced seeds had the lower number of weed seed, species and genus before and after cleaning.
The highest seed purity and 1000 seed weight was obtained from the certified seed production system. The
need for cleaning the farm-saved seed samples before sowing is one of the important findings of this survey.
Keywords: germination indices; seed production system; vigor; weed seed dispersal; winnowing
INTRODUCTION
Importance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as an agricultural crop is punctuated
by the fact that it ranks second after maize in the world cereal output and it is a staple
food for billions of people of the world. It is also the most important winter cereal
DOI: 10.1515/plass-2016-0009
100 Fardin Khazaei et al..
grown in Iran (Zand et al. 2007). A little more than 9 million ha of arable land in Iran
are planted with cereals, of which wheat occupies 6.6 million ha. To grow this plant,
80-85% of the national seed requirements of the country are derived from farm-saved
seeds, so a substantial investment has been made in agricultural research to evaluate
the wheat farm-saved seed performance (Mobasser et al. 2012).
More than 80% of the crops in developing countries are planted from seed stocks
.
Communicated by Grzegorz Żurek Volume 73 2016 P L A N T .docxdrandy1
This document evaluates the seed quality of certified wheat seed and farm-saved wheat seed in three provinces of Iran. Seed samples were collected from certified and farm-saved fields in four districts within each province. The samples were analyzed in the laboratory for various quality attributes including germination rates, weed seed contamination, and physiological measures. The results found that farm-saved seed generally had similar quality to certified seed, with some differences observed between regions. Certified seed had lower weed seed contamination both before and after cleaning compared to farm-saved seed.
Effect of application of “Grinophyll” on Growth and Yield of RiceAI Publications
The present investigation entitled “effect of application of “Grinophyll” on growth and yield of rice was carried out during kharif season of the year 2021 on the field of ASPEE, Agricultural Research and Development Foundation, Tansa farm, At-Nare, Tal-Wada, Dist- Palghar, Maharashtra. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design. The three treatments (Control, Grinophyll @ 4ml, and Grinophyll @6ml per 15 liters of water) were replicated twice times on four varieties of rice namely Dandi, Gurjari, Jaya, and GAR-13. The plant population per meter square (34.5), plant height (105.9 cm), number of tillers per plant (13.7), number of panicles per plant (13), number of panicles per square meter (442) and length of panicle (25.8 cm) was recorded maximum with application of Grinophyll @ 6 ml /15 liters of water on rice cv. “GAR-13”. The highest number of seeds per panicle (203.5), test weight (34.1 g), grain yield (57.45 q/ha) and straw yield (85.08 q/ha) was found with application of Grinophyll @ 6 ml / 15 liters of water.The data clearly revealed that, the yield obtained with treatment Grinophyll @ 6 ml / 15 liters of water on rice cv. “GAR 13” was significantly higher than all other treatments and also for growth parameters.
Analysis of genetic diversity among the different wheat (Triticum aestivum L....Jiban Shrestha
This document analyzes the genetic diversity among 41 wheat genotypes through cluster and principal component analysis based on various agronomic traits. The genotypes were clustered into 4 groups. Cluster 4 and 2 had genotypes with desirable traits like high yield, effective tillers, grain size etc. Cluster 3 had genotypes with late maturity and lower yield. Based on the analysis, genotypes HD 1982 and Pitic 62 were identified as high yielding and suitable for the terai region of Nepal. Principal component analysis supported the cluster analysis results.
Extending Shelf Life of Guava Fruits by Mint oil and UVC TreatmentsIJEAB
A lot of quarantine methods have been developed to replace fumigants in the control of arthropods and microorganisms in post–harvest management of fruits and vegetables. That is, guava fruit is infested in Sudan by a number of hexapods which include Ceratitis capitata Weid., Ceratitis quinaria (Bez.), Certatitis cosyra WLK., Bactrocera invadens Drew, Trusta & White and Bactrocera zonata (Saunders).This study aims at using some uncommonly used treatments in improving the storability of guava fruits in Sudan. That is, UVC (ultraviolet rays type C) and coating with mint oil were used to disinfest guava from fruit flies at ambient temperature. The results, after 9 days bench storage, showed an infestation percentage of 20, 33 and 38% for mint, UVC and the control, respectively. The corresponding data for the range of infestation were 18, 20 and 48 and for the mean number of insects in infested fruits were 8.3, 8.8 and 15.2. The quality indexes studied reflected 9.5, 20.5 and 22.6% weight loss, for the mint oil, UVC and the control lots, respectively. The corresponding data for marketable retention (%) were 100, 10 and 13; the fruit firmness, 1.6, 0.3, and 0.1; acidity (%), 0.2 for all; ascorbic acid (mg/ 100 g pulp), 196, 190, and 194; reducing sugar (g/ 100g), 8.2, 7.6, and 7.6; sensory quality includes appearance (%), 84, 42, and 30; taste (%), 79, 41, and 34; flavor (%), 88, 42, and 40, respectively. These results revealed the edge of mint oil coating over UVC and the untreated lots.
Extending Shelf Life of Guava Fruits by Mint oil and UVC TreatmentsIJEAB
A lot of quarantine methods have been developed to replace fumigants in the control of arthropods and microorganisms in post–harvest management of fruits and vegetables. That is, guava fruit is infested in Sudan by a number of hexapods which include Ceratitis capitata Weid., Ceratitis quinaria (Bez.), Certatitis cosyra WLK., Bactrocera invadens Drew, Trusta & White and Bactrocera zonata (Saunders).This study aims at using some uncommonly used treatments in improving the storability of guava fruits in Sudan. That is, UVC (ultraviolet rays type C) and coating with mint oil were used to disinfest guava from fruit flies at ambient temperature. The results, after 9 days bench storage, showed an infestation percentage of 20, 33 and 38% for mint, UVC and the control, respectively. The corresponding data for the range of infestation were 18, 20 and 48 and for the mean number of insects in infested fruits were 8.3, 8.8 and 15.2. The quality indexes studied reflected 9.5, 20.5 and 22.6% weight loss, for the mint oil, UVC and the control lots, respectively. The corresponding data for marketable retention (%) were 100, 10 and 13; the fruit firmness, 1.6, 0.3, and 0.1; acidity (%), 0.2 for all; ascorbic acid (mg/ 100 g pulp), 196, 190, and 194; reducing sugar (g/ 100g), 8.2, 7.6, and 7.6; sensory quality includes appearance (%), 84, 42, and 30; taste (%), 79, 41, and 34; flavor (%), 88, 42, and 40, respectively. These results revealed the edge of mint oil coating over UVC and the untreated lots.
This document summarizes a credit seminar on plant genetic resource management and future strategies in fruit crops. It discusses plant genetic resources, including landraces, obsolete cultivars, modern cultivars, wild forms, wild relatives, and mutants. It describes gene pools and types of seed collection for conservation. India is highlighted as one of the most biodiverse countries with centers of origin for crop plants. The document outlines genetic resource management activities and provides statistics on genetic resource collections for various horticultural crops in India. Future needs are discussed like increasing in situ conservation and meeting demand for nutrition. Case studies demonstrate in vitro preservation and cryopreservation methods for conserving grapevine genetic resources. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of genetic diversity and
An investigation was undertaken to evaluate the various morpho–physiological traits and yield contributing characters of baichi germplasms (GP) at Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU). A number of baichi seedlings collected from different homesteads of Patuakhali coast were conserved at PSTU Germplasm Centre. Among the five survived germplasms (GP₁˗GP₅), two were male (GP₂ and GP₄) and the remaining three were female (GP₁, GP₃ and GP₅). The longest leaf length (4.45cm) was exhibited in GP₄. Maximum leaf blade width (2.83cm) was observed in GP₅. Although all the studied germplasms flowered at age 7, however, flower bud initiation started in male plants during the first week of February and continued to the last week of March and in female plants, it was started during the second week of February and continued to the mid of March. Length of flower bud was noticed among female genotypes of GP₅ (4.67mm), GP1 (4.65mm) and GP3 (4.62mm). Importantly, the flowers were apetalous in both male and female cases of all five germplasms. The highest fruit set (74.83%) and the fruit retention (80.88%) were recorded in GP₃ while the lowest fruit set (69.51%) and fruit retention (77.16%) were noticed in GP1. GP₅ had the biggest individual fruit size (11.24mm × 12.10mm), maximum edible portion (78.57%) and the highest fruit yield (10.5kg/plant) while the lowest individual fruit weight (1.19 gm) and fruit yield (8.6 10.5kg/plant) were observed in GP3. Based on the morpho–physiological traits among the three fruiting plants it may conclude that GP₅ was superior over other fruiting plants in relation to fruit size, edible part, individual fruit weight and yield. Therefore, a performance grading of the three female plants on the basis of yield can be as follows: GP₅ > GP₁ > GP₃.
Effect of growth and yield of different genotypes of tomato (Solanum lycopers...Nahid Ahmed
From my field of study, I have done One Major project in BARI
(Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute)
Under the supervision of Dr. M. Nazim Uddin (SSO) Senior Scientific Officer.
The project topic was
( Effect of growth and yield of different genotypes of tomato
(Solanum Lycopersicum L.) under organic conditions. )
Evaluation of Soya Bean Varieties at Moisture Stress of Eastern Harerghe Zone...CrimsonpublishersMCDA
Soya bean is a multi-purpose crop. The area of production for soybeans is expected to increase due raised demand of domestic processing industries and boosted demand for use in animal feed. This experiment were conducted with the objective of identify superior genotypes in terms of yield, insect pest & disease tolerance/resistance and with desirable agronomic traits for the last two years of (2014 & 2015). Analysis of variance showed that there were significant difference among the varieties in terms of disease reaction, grain yield and yield related attributes. Korme, Ethio-eugoslavia and Didesa provided about 32.67%, 29.11%, 22.55%, yield advantages over the standard check (Clark), respectively. Therefore, the three high yielding varieties (Korme, Ethio-eugoslavia, and Didesa) were selected and recommended for further production at Fedis and similar agro-ecologies.
For more open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com
For more articles on Agronomy open access journals please click on below link: https://crimsonpublishers.com/mcda/
This document contains an abstract from an issue of the journal HortFlora Research Spectrum.
The abstract summarizes a study that evaluated the financial performance of 60 greenhouses in Guilan Province, Iran using data envelopment analysis. Key findings include 7% of greenhouses had an efficiency rating of 20-40%, 22% were 40-60% efficient, 33% were 60-80% efficient, and 38% had over 80% efficiency.
The document also provides abstracts from other horticulture studies on topics like heterosis in chili peppers, post-harvest treatments to extend the shelf life of aonla fruit, the effects of nutrients on spider lily growth and yield, and a review of turmeric
2 2010-comparison of the functional properties of pea, chickpea and lentil pr...Bảo Dung Phan
This document compares the functional properties of protein concentrates extracted from pea, chickpea, and lentil using two different processing techniques: isoelectric precipitation (IEP) and ultrafiltration (UF). Optimal extraction conditions were determined for each pulse and variety. Protein content, yield, and functional properties including solubility, water holding capacity, emulsifying properties, foam expansion, and gelling ability were evaluated for the concentrates. Results showed that protein content and functional properties varied depending on the pulse type and extraction method. Red and green lentil concentrates generally had the highest solubility, while yellow pea IEP concentrates had the highest water holding capacity. Chickpea concentrates exhibited better emulsifying
16. varietal characterization of tomato cultivars based on rapd markersVishwanath Koti
This study characterized 24 tomato cultivars using RAPD markers. Eleven primers produced 100 bands, of which 89.39% were polymorphic. Each cultivar had unique DNA sequences not found in others. The primers OPC-02, OPC-19, OPD-19, OPD-18 and OPC-08 generated the most unique bands, producing 13 unique bands among 10 cultivars. The combination of OPB-10 with either OPC-19 or OPB-08 was sufficient to identify all 24 tomato cultivars.
The HortFlora Research Spectrum (HRS), is an international-peer reviewed, open access journal that serves as a forum for the exchange and dissemination of R & D advances and innovations in all facets of Horticultural Sciences (Pomology, Olericulture, Floriculture, Post Harvest Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Medicinal & Aromatic Plants etc.) and its allied branches on an international level. HRS is officially published quarterly (March, June, September and December) every year, in English (print & online version), under the keen auspices of Biosciences & Agriculture Advancement Society (BAAS), Meerut (India) www.hortflorajournal.com
Similar to Fruit variety registration and variety release procedures (20)
The document discusses challenges and opportunities for temperate fruits in India. It provides global and Indian data on production, area and yield for various temperate fruits like apple, grapes, pears, and walnuts. It highlights that India's share of global production is low for most fruits compared to countries like the US, Italy and China. There is significant potential to increase yields for all temperate fruits in India to reduce the current deficit and meet growing demand.
The document summarizes the current status and future prospects of breeding grapes for subtropical regions in India. It provides information on the world and India's grape production statistics. It discusses three main grape growing regions in India and highlights the prospects and challenges of growing grapes in subtropical areas. The objectives of grape breeding include developing early ripening varieties with high yields, quality fruits, and resistance to diseases. Materials and methods used in breeding like hybridization, introduction of varieties from other countries, and clonal selection are outlined. Some key results of past and current breeding programs are early maturing varieties developed that are suitable for subtropical growing conditions.
Apple scab is the most economically important disease of apples worldwide. In India, it causes up to 70% crop loss in some years. The fungus Venturia inaequalis overwinters in fallen leaves and produces spores that are spread by wind and rain to infect young apple leaves and fruits. Symptoms include olive green spots that later turn black on leaves and corky brown spots on fruit. Resistance breeding and forecasting models are used to manage the disease, but conventional breeding is slow. Introducing resistance genes from wild crabapples through biotechnology may enable faster development of resistant varieties.
The presentation highlighted about its impact on temperate fruit production and also the suggestion to mitigate its effect. It was presented in a National Seminar on Climate change held at Amity University, Noida, India
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The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
Fruit variety registration and variety release procedures
1. 22nd June, 2021
“Varietal Release and
Registration in Fruit Crops”
Dr M. K. Verma
Ph.D., ARS (1995), FHSI, FISNS, FSHD, FISHD
Principal Scientist (Hort.)
Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology
ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute,
New Delhi, India
Email: mahenicar10@gmail.com
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
2. Objectives
• Procedure to release a fruit crop variety.
• Procedure to register a fruit crop variety.
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
3. • Genetic resource in Horticultural crops
include germplasm collection of
– 2194 accessions of fruits,
– 11,229 accessions of vegetables,
– 10,184 accessions in tuber crops,
– 6336 accessions of spices,
– 1304 accessions in plantation crops,
– 1327 accessions in medicinal and aromatic
plants.
(comes under the domain of National
Biodiversity Authority)
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
4. Agencies involved in the process of variety
release and registration
1. Agencies for variety release
– Institute/ University (IVRC, IVIC)
– SVRC
– CVRC
2. Agencies for variety registration
– NBPGR (IC No./ EC No.)
– PPV FRA
3. Agencies for variety notification
– DAC, MoA & FW
4. Other Agencies
– AICRP (Fruits, Arid Fruits, Temperate Fruits)
– NAGC
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
5. Mechanism
• To meet the need of ever-increasing population, the breeders are
continuously making the efforts by developing the new varieties.
• Registration: To recognize the contribution of
breeders/researchers, ICAR operates the mechanism for
identification and recommendation for release of new crop varieties.
• Release: The DAC, MoA & FW, provides the mechanism for
notification of released varieties by Central Sub-Committee on Crop
Standards, Notification and Release of Varieties (CVRC) of
agricultural crops.
• Protection: Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights Act
(2001) ensures the protection of the IPRs of breeders and farmers
involved in developing the new varieties to be notified and released
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
8. • To take care of the ownership through
Registration of the varieties the
Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmer’s
Rights Authority was established on
11thNovember 2005
• by the Central Government
• vide Gazette Notification No. S.O. 1589(E).
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
9. Germplasm registration at NBPGR
Source: Tyagi and Tak, 2012. IJAS, 82(8): 651-9
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
10. Variety Release Procedure
• Levels
– Institute level (IVRC, IVIC): Chairman:
Director/ Jt. Director (Research)
– Sate Level: State Seed Sub-Committee on
Release of Crop Varieties (Chairman:
Development Commissioner/ Financial
Commissioner).
– Central level: Central Sub-Committee on Crop
Standards, Notification and Release of
Varieties for Horticultural Crops (Chairman,
DDG, Horticulture).
– Apex Level: PPV & FRA (Chairman: Registrar)
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
11. Institute Level Variety Release Committee
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
12. Institute level Proposal
Recently proposed proposal at IARI, New
Delhi
On
PUSA SWRNIKA GRAPE
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
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110012
13. VARIETY IDENTIFICATION PROPOSAL OF
GRAPE HYBRID (Vitis vinifera L.)
Proposed by
Dr S.K. Singh
Division of Fruits & Horticultural Technology
ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute
New Delhi - 110012
GRAPE (Vitis vinifera L.): Pusa Swarnika (Hy. 76-1, Hur x Cardinal)
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
14. Justification of Release
• There are very few commercial varieties of grape
growing under sub-tropical climate of north India.
• These suffers with occurrence of shot berries,
compact bunch with moderate fruit quality traits
and maturity coincides with pre-monsoon showers
results in berry cracking due to delicate berries.
• Therefore, it was demand of farmers/growers to
have a better variety with traits of:-
– Early maturing of berries,
– Loose bunch
– Bold berry
– Uniform berry size,
– Higher yield,
– Suitable for juice and Munakka purpose with
ideal TSS/acid ratio,
• The growers would like this variety (Pusa Purple
Seedless) because of its early maturity, seedless
berries, uniform berry size, higher yield, firm
texture, GA responsive etc.
Pusa Aditi
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
15. Salient Features of Grape Hybrid
Hy. 76-1 (Pusa Swarnika)
• It is a unique grape hybrid having
– Early berry ripening habit,
– Loose bunch
– Golden yellow coloured bold berries,
– High TSS with good blend of TSS and acid ratio.
• Early maturing (75-78 DAFB) and suitable for
subtropical climate.
• Bunches loose and medium to large in size
(317 g).
• Berries are bold, large in size (4.14 g), round
golden-yellow colour, seeded with firm pulp.
High TSS (20.71°Brix), mild acidity and ideal
TSS/acid ratio.
• Moderately rich in nutraceutical properties
like total phenolics (91.29 mg/100 g), total
flavonoids (91.80 mg/100 g), and antioxidant
properties assessed by DPPH, FRAP and
CUPRAC assay.
• Suitable for table purpose, juice making and
Munnakka preparation.
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
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New
Delhi
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110012
16. TRIAL RESULTS OF GRAPE HY. 76-1
Division
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Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
Table 1a. Comparison of grape Hybrid 76-1 (Hur x Cardinal) with
‘Perlette’ a early-maturing commercial cultivar of North India.
Parameter Pusa Swarnika
(Candidate variety)
Perlette
(Check
variety)
%
advantage
Bearing behaviour Basal bearing Basal bearing -
Vine vigour Moderate Moderate -
Av. bunch wt. (g) 317.25 300.25 5.7
Av. berry wt. (g) 4.14 1.82 127.5
Seed no. Seeded Seedless -
Bunch length (cm) 18.25 18.05 1.10
Bunch width (cm) 13.90 10.65 30.52
Bunch compactness Very loose Very
compact
Extremely
good
Berry length (mm) 19.86 12.99 52.89
Berry diameter (mm) 18.25 12.70 43.70
TSS (0Brix) 20.71 18.88 9.70
Acidity (%) 0.63 0.64 -
TSS/Acid ratio 33.17 29.50 12.44
pH 3.68 4.10 -
17. TRIAL RESULTS OF GRAPE HY. 76-1
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
Table 1b. Comparison of grape Hybrid 76-1 (Hur x Cardinal) with
‘Perlette’ a early-maturing commercial cultivar of North India.
Parameter Pusa Swarnika
(Candidate variety)
Perlette
(Check variety)
%
advantage
Vitamin C (mg/100 ml juice) 6.20 6.24 -
Total Phenolics (GAE, mg 100 g-1) 91.29 147.00 (-) 37.90
Total Flavonoids (QE, mg 100 g-1) 91.80 36.25 153.24
DPPH AOX activity (TE, µmol g-1) 7.11 5.80 22.59
CUPRAC AOX activity (µmol TE g-1) 1.08 2.13 (-) 49.30
FRAP AOX activity (TE, µmol g-1) 2.14 2.13 0.50
ABTS AOX activity (TE, µmol g-1) 3.15 1.56 101.92
Juice recovery (%) 66.33 68.24 (-) 2.80
Date of bud burst 3rd week Feb 4th Week Feb -
Date of full bloom 4th week March 3rd week March -
Date of harvest
(days after full bloom)
2nd week June 1st week June -
Days to maturity 76 71 -
Yield (MT/ha) on Bower system (3.0 m x
3.0 m)
16.71 14.50 15.24
18. Table 2a. Average physico-chemical parameters of hybrid 76-1 during last five
years (2015-19)
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Horticultural
Technology
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Agricultural
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Delhi
-
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Parameters Year Mean
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Av. bunch wt. (g) 327.00 306.00 352.00 256.00 345.2
5
317.25
Av. berry wt. (g) 4.50 4.20 4.00 3.80 4.20 4.14
Seed No. 2.00 3.00 3.00 2.00 3.00 2.60
Bunch length (cm) 19.00 20.00 15.00 19.00 18.25 18.25
Bunch width (cm) 14.00 13.00 15.00 14.00 13.50 13.90
Bunch compactness Very
loose
Very
loose
Very
loose
Very
loose
Very
loose
Very
loose
Berry length (mm) 19.50 19.00 20.39 19.92 20.50 19.86
Berry diameter (mm) 17.21 18.68 19.16 17.93 18.25 18.25
TSS (0Brix) 20.00 21.20 20.15 21.40 20.80 20.71
Acidity (%) 0.60 0.70 0.56 0.60 0.68 0.63
TSS/Acid Ratio 33.33 30.28 35.98 35.66 30.58 33.17
pH 3.70 3.88 3.61 3.61 3.62 3.68
19. Table 2. Average physico-chemical parameters of hybrid 76-1 during last five
years (2015-19)
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
Parameters Year Mean
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Vitamin C (mg 100 ml -1 juice) 6.44 6.54 6.45 6.33 5.24 6.20
Total monomeric anthocyanins
(C3GE, mg kg-1)
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total Phenolics (GAE, mg 100 g-1) 92.75 93.22 93.70 91.32 85.45 91.29
Total Flavonoids (QE, mg /100 g-1) 92.40 92.67 91.74 92.79 89.42 91.80
DPPH AOX activity (TE, µmol g-1) 7.14 7.20 7.14 7.07 7.00 7.11
CUPRAC AOX activity (µmol TE
g-1)
1.05 1.10 1.03 1.08 1.15 1.08
FRAPAOX activity (TE, µmol g-1) 2.05 2.01 2.06 2.08 2.51 2.14
ABTS AOX activity (TE, µmol g-1) 2.95 3.20 3.02 3.06 3.50 3.15
Juice recovery (%) 65.24 64.25 68.45 67.24 66.45 66.33
Date of bud burst 20-22 Feb 18-20 Feb 19-20 Feb 18-20
Feb
17-20
Feb
3rd
week
Feb
Date of full bloom 25-28
March
24-26
March
25-28
March
28-30
March
26-28
March
4th
week
March
Date of harvest
(days after full bloom)
8-10 June 10-12 June 8-11 June 10-13
June
9-12
June
2nd
week
June
Days to maturity 75-77 77-79 75-78 74-77 75-78 76
Yield (MT/ha) on Bower System
(3.0 x 3.0 m)
16.52 17.50 15.80 17.50 16.24 16.71
20. Disease severity index and disease reaction to powdery mildew in
natural conditions as well as in artificial inoculation of leaves
Parameters Pusa Swarnika
(Hyb. 76-1)
Perlette
(Check)
DSI under natural conditions 52.25% 79.75%
Disease reaction under natural
conditions
Moderately
susceptible
Highly
Susceptible
DSI under artificial conditions 54.44 84.15
Disease reaction under artificial
conditions
Moderately
susceptible
Highly
Susceptible
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
21. Disease severity index and disease reaction to
anthracnose in natural conditions as well as in artificial
inoculation of leaves
Parameters Pusa
Swarnika
(Hyb. 76-1)
Perlette
(Check)
DSI under natural conditions 41.70% 83.78%
Disease reaction under natural
conditions
Moderately
susceptible
Extremely Susceptible
Culture filtrate concentration
under ex situ condition ((1:1)
+++ +++
Culture filtrate concentration
under ex situ condition ((1:2)
++ +++
Culture filtrate concentration
under ex situ condition ((1:3)
+ ++
Culture filtrate concentration
under ex situ condition ((1:4)
+ ++
+++ = necrosis over 3 mm from wounded spot, ++ =
necrosis over 2-3 mm from wounded spot, + = necrosis
over wounded spot, + = slight necrosis - = no necrosis
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
22. Fig. 1. Gel Image of profile of Pusa Swarnika (Hyb. 76-1) and its parents ‘Hur’ and Cardinal
using SSR marker VVIh54.
Fig. 2. Gel Image profile of Pusa Swarnika (Hyb. 76-1) and its parents ‘Hur’ and ‘Cardinal’
using SSR marker VVMD24.
23. Plate 1. A fully mature vine laden with bunches trained on
Bower system
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
24. Grape (Pusa Swarnika) vineyard on
Bower system
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
25. Breeders
1. Late Dr. P.C. Jindal, Ex. Principal Scientist.
2. Sh. Kashmir Singh (Retd.), Ex. Principal Scientist.
3. Dr S.K. Singh, Head and Principal Scientist,
4. Dr M.K. Verma, Principal Scientist,
5. Dr V.B. Patel, Principal Scientist
6. Dr Jai Prakash, Principal Scientist
7. Late Dr Laxman Singh, Ex. Technical Officer
8. Sh. Surendra Pal (Retd.), Ex. Technical Officer
9. Dr Parimal Sinha, Principal Scientist, Plant
Pathology
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
27. Variety Release Proposal for
Delhi State Seed Sub Committee for Agricultural and Horticultural
Crops
Proposed by
Dr S.K. Singh
Division of Fruits & Horticultural Technology
ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute
New Delhi - 110012
Grape: Pusa Aditi
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
28. Justification of Release
• There was very few varieties of grape i.e.,
predominantly ‘Perlette’ growing under
subtropical climate of north India. ‘Perlette’
suffers with occurrence of shot berries,
compact bunch with moderate fruit quality
traits and maturity coincides with
premonsoon showers results in berry
cracking due to delicate berries. Therefore,
therefore, it was demand of
farmers/growers to have a better variety
with traits of:-
• Early maturing,
• Uniform berry size,
• Higher yield
• Firm texture
• Moderate bunch texture
• Bold berries
• The growers would like this variety (Pusa
Aditi) because of its uniform berry size,
early maturity, higher yield, firm texture,
GA responsive etc.
Perlette
Pusa Aditi
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
29. Salient Features of Grape Variety
(BA x Perlette) Hy. 75-32 (Pusa Aditi)
• It is a unique hybrid having early
maturing habit (80-85 DAFB) , large
bunch (440 g), large berry (2.8 g),
round yellowish-green in colour, firm
pulp (6N), good TSS (19.3oBrix), higher
yield (12.5 t/ha). Bunches free from
shot berries and compactness.
• The vine is moderately vigorous, and
is a spur pruned variety.
• The hybrid has good traits for making
juice and is best for table purpose.
• The hybrid is moderately tolerant to
anthracnose and powdery mildew.
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
30. Grape vine of Pusa Aditi laden with bunches
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
32. 1. Name of the Crop and
species
Grape (Vitis vinifera L.)
2.a Name of the variety under
which tested
Hy. 75-32
b. Proposed name of the variety Pusa Aditi
3. Sponsored by Head, Division of Fruits and Horticultural
Technology, IARI, New Delhi-110012
4.a Division/Regional Station or
agency responsible for
developing variety (with
address)
Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology,
IARI, New Delhi-110012
b Name of the persons who
helped in the development of
variety
1. Late Dr. P.C. Jindal, Ex. Principal Scientist.
2.Sh. Kashmir Singh (Retd.), Ex. Principal
Scientist.
3. Dr S.K. Singh, Head and Principal Scientist,
4. Dr M.K. Verma, Principal Scientist,
5. Dr V.B. Patel, Ex. Scientist
6. Dr Jai Prakash, Sr. Scientist
7. Late Dr Laxman Singh, Ex. Technical Officer
8. Sh. Surendra Pal (Retd.), Ex. Technical Officer
9. Dr Parimal Sinha, Principal Scientist, Plant
Pathology
33. 5.a Parentage with details of its pedigree
It is a hybrid between ‘Banqui Abyad’ x ‘Perlette’
from the cross made in 1975.
b Source of material in case of
introduction
NA
c Breeding method The hybrid was made through conventional
crossing made between ‘Banqui Abyad’ and
‘Perlette’ and individual plant was further
propagated vegetatively for multiplication.
d Breeding objectives To develop high yielding, early maturing and
seedless variety for subtropical climate with
superior fruit quality traits.
e
Plant height Semi-vigorous, suitable for both head and bower
systems of training.
Distinguishing morphological
characters
1. Vegetative characters
2.Flower characters
3.Fruit characters
Vines are perennial, semi-vigorous, produces
profuse vegetative and reproductive wood.
Hermaphrodite; self fruitful, panicles emerge 20-25
days after bud burst.
Elongated bunch (440 g), yellowish seedless berry
suitable for table grape. Responsive to GA3 and
matures by 1st week of June (before onset of
monsoon). TSS 19.3 0Brix.
34. Table 1. Comparison of grape Hybrid BA x Per-75-32 with ‘Perlette’ a
commercial cultivar of north India
Sl. No. Characteristics Hybrid BA x Per-75-32 Perlette
1. Bearing of behavior Basal bearing Basal bearing
2. Vine vigour Moderate Moderate
3. Av. Berry weight (g) 2.77 1.81
4. Av Bunch weight (g) 440.14 410.6
5 Peel colour Yellowish-green Greenish-yellow
6 Reaction to Powdery
mildew
Moderately tolerant Susceptible
7 Reaction to Downy
mildew
Moderately tolerant Susceptible
8 Reaction to
Anthracnose
Moderately tolerant Susceptible
9 Reaction to termite Moderately tolerant Highly susceptible
10 Average yield (kg/vine)
on Head system
10-13 7-8
11. No. of bunches per
plant (Head system)
31.67 18.45
12 TSS (0Brix) 19.31 18.23
13. Acidity (%) 0.56 0.44
14 Date of bud burst 22th Feb 21st Feb
15 Date of full bloom 19rd March 17th March
16 Date of harvest 10th June 2nd June
17 Days to maturity 80-85 75-80 days
35. Table 2. Average physico-chemical parameters of hybrid BA x
Per-75-32 for five years (2012-16)
Character Year Mean
‘Pusa
Aditi’
Mean for
‘Perlette’
5 yrs
CD at 5%
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Av. bunch wt.
(g)
524.69 481.76 505.27 313.75 375.2 440.14 410.6 NS
Av. berry wt. (g) 3.02 2.70 2.75 2.72 2.68 2.77 1.81 0.21
Bunch length
(cm)
22.15 23.80 24.52 19.6 21.11 22.24 18.51 1.60
Bunch width
(cm)
14.12 11.30 12.11 12.6 16.45 13.32 16.78 1.69
Bunch volume
(ml)
459 460 472 268 351 402 399 NS
Berry length
(mm)
15.21 15.99 15.87 15.5 15.44 15.60 13.21 0.36
Berry diameter
(mm)
16.97 16.12 16.56 15.1 16.78 16.31 13.32 0.57
TSS (0Brix) 20.12 19.60 18.72 18.6 19.51 19.31 18.23 0.90
Acidity (%) 0.49 0.66 0.62 0.49 0.54 0.56 0.44 0.10
Juice (%) 64.25 64.85 65.25 65.68 66.45 65.30 69.42 1.22
Berry firmness
(N)
6.45 6.12 5.32 6.33 5.76 6.00 4.23 0.37
Date of bud
burst
21.2.12 23.2.13 22.2.14 23.2.15 20.2.16 25th Feb - -
Date of full
bloom
19.3.12 20.3.13 18.3.14 19.3.15 18.3.16 23rd
March
- -
Date of harvest 10.6.12 9.6.13 9.6.14 8.6.15 11.6.16 10th June - -
Days to maturity 84 83 83 84 85 83 80 3.44
40. Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology VARIETY RELEASE PROPOSAL
Pusa Shreshth (H 1-6) (Amrapali x Sensation)
Name of the crop
with Latin name
Mango (Mangifera indicia L.)
Parents ♀ Amrapali x ♂ Sensation
Year of cross 1994
Breeding method Hybridization followed by Selection
Year of planting 1996
Hybrid code Hybrid H-1-6
National identity IC634475
State Variety
Release Committee
22.07.2011 Vide-No.F.10/SI/TA/2011-12/PO/2534
Dated 17.02.2012
Breeder’s/
Contributors
Dr. S. N. Pandey, Principal Scientist (Retd.); Late Dr.
Room Singh, Principal Scientist (Retd.); Sh. S. K.
Bhagat, Scientist(SG) (Retd.); Dr. R. R. Sharma,
Principal Scientist; Dr. A. K. Singh, DDG (Hort. Sci.,
ICAR, Former Head & Principal Scientist; Dr. A. K.
Dubey, Principal Scientist; Dr. Manish Srivastav,
Principal Scientist .
41. Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology Pusa Shreshth (Amrapali x Sensation)
Salient features
• Trees are semi-vigorous and suitable for medium density planting
(6 m x 6 m = 278 trees per hectare).
• Regular bearing habit.
• Suitable for export as well as domestic markets.
• On per tree basis, it yields 50.2 kg. Estimated yield is 14.0 t/ha.
• Fruits are elongated in shape and uniform in size.
• Fruits are having attractive red purple peel colour on yellow
background, which makes it very appealing to the buyers.
• It is medium maturing (140 days from flowering).
• Suitable for North, Central and Peninsular India.
• Fruits are medium in size (230-250 g) with high pulp content
(71.88%), moderate total soluble solids (20.33oBrix), ascorbic acid
content (40.26 mg/100 g pulp) and β-carotene content (10,857 µg/
100 g of pulp). Shelf-life is of 7-8 days at room temperature.
43. Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology Molecular profiling of Pusa Shreshth along
with parents
M Amrapali Sensation Pusa Pratibha
M A S Pusa Pratibha
SSR profile of Pusa Shreshth and its parents Amrapali and Sensation
with SSR markers M73, M109 and M178.
Mango SSR M178
M A S Pusa Shreshth
100 bp
200 bp
300 bp
100 bp
200 bp
300 bp
Mango SSR M73
M Amrapali Sensation Pusa Shreshth
Mango SSR M109
M Amrapali Sensation Pusa Shreshth
44. Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology Detailed description of Pusa Shreshth and parents
M Amrapali Sensation Pusa Pratibha
M A S Pusa Pratibha
S.N. Trait Pusa Shreshth
(H-1-6)
Amrapali Sensation
1. Bearing behaviour Regular Regular Regular
2. Tree vigour Semi-vigorous Dwarf Vigorous
3. Recommended spacing (m) 6 x 6 5 x 5 10 x 10
4. No. of plants / ha 278 400 100
5. Average fruit weight (g) 228 165 186
6. Average yield tree (kg/ tree) 50.2 37.5 82.6
7. Average yield per ha (t/ ha) 14.0 15.0 8.26
8. Peel colour Attractive red purple
colour on yellow
background
Green Red/ purple
9. Peel thickness Medium Thin Thick
10. Reaction to major mango
pests like hoppers, mealy
bugs etc.
Moderately tolerant Moderately
susceptible
Susceptible
11. TSS (%) 20.3 22.5 16.5
12. Pulp (%) 71.8 72.4 60.2
13. Fiber in pulp Fibreless Fibreless Slight fiber
14. β-carotene (µg/100 g pulp) 10,964 14,615 6,453
15. Acidity (%) 0.21 0.12 0.38
16. Ascorbic acid content
(mg/100 g pulp)
40.26 30.23 35.7
17. Shelf-life (days) 7 to 8 7 to 8 9.66
45. Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology Yield data of Pusa Shreshth
M Amrapali Sensation Pusa Pratibha
M A S Pusa Pratibha
Trait
Year Mean
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Average fruit weight (g) 230 240 232 241 192 236 211 237 228.2
Pulp (%) 71.5 71.5 72.5 72.6 71.8 72.1 70.9 71.7 71.8
TSS (%) 19.6 19.5 18.5 19.7 21.3 21.6 20.8 21.6 20.3
Acidity (%) 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.27 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.20 0.205
β- carotene (µg/100 g
pulp)
12,200 12,600 13,200 12,485 9,510 8,375 8,456 10,883 10,964
Ascorbic acid content
(mg/100 g pulp)
40.5 40.0 42.1 38.79 39.44 40.53 41.2 39.55 40.26
Trait
Year Mean
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Fruit weight (g) 206.3 222.2 212.4 220.9 205.9 213.54
Pulp (%) 69.3 71.6 68.9 69.5 70.4 69.94
TSS (%) 20.5 19.8 19.6 19.7 20.2 19.96
Acidity (%) 0.24 0.23 0.26 0.18 0.20 0.222
β- carotene (µg/100g pulp) 9,887 11,008 10,986 11,239 11,165 10,857
Ascorbic acid content (mg/100 g pulp) 42.1 42.6 45.4 39.6 42.4 42.42
Shelf-life (days) after ripening 7.33 7.06 6.60 7.00 6.33 6.80
Pre-release
Post-release
AICRP center Fruit weight (g)
Sabour, Bihar 260
Pantnagar, UK 215
PAU, Ludhiana 240
Farmer/ Govt. Nursery Fruit weight (g)
Sri PD Singh, Srawasti 310
Sri DK Sharma, Bijnore 225
Sri Harish Kumar, Bijnore 280
Dr Brijesh Gupta, Kashipur 260
49. Salient features of acid lime cultivar ‘Pusa
Abhinav’ (Accession No. IC-0611371)
• Improved clonal selection for commercial cultivation in
subtropical region of India
• Distinct advantage in harvesting season, yield and quality
characters over available commercial lime cultivars
• Yield and fruiting density are 60% and 208% higher than
check
• Average fruit weight- 39.1 g; juice recovery- 47.9%; TSS-7.90B
and ascorbic acid content 43.9 mg/100 ml juice.
• Higher acidity (6.9%) than check (5.81%).
Breeders: Dr. A. K. Dubey, Principal Scientist , Dr. Manish Srivastav, Principal
Scientist, Dr R. M. Sharma, Principal Scientist, Dr. O. P. Awasthi, Principal Scientist,
Dr. M. K. Verma, Principal Scientist , Dr. (Mrs.) Charanjit Kaur, Principal Scientist, Dr
Dinesh Singh, Principal Scientist
50. Mean performance of acid lime cultivar ‘Pusa Abhinav’
and check variety from 2015-2019 at I.A.R.I, New Delhi
Variety Pusa Abhinav
(AlC-40)*
Purbi lime (Local
Check)
Per cent
change over
check
Yield/tree (kg) 20.69 12.87 60.76
Fruiting density (Fruits/m3 CV) 4.84 1.57 208.28
Fruit weight (g) 39.1 36.65 6.66
Juice recovery (%) 47.9 36.82 30.06
Seed number/fruit 8.4 9.56 -12.55
Rind thickness (mm) 1.0 1.46 -32.47
TSS (0B) 7.9 7.86 -0.13
Acidity (% citric acid) 6.9 5.81 18.94
Ascorbic acid (mg/100 g juice) 43.9 33.45 31.30
*yields twice in a year but included yield of one season (rainy season), because
check bears once in a year.
51. Performance of acid lime variety ‘Pusa Abhinav’ at
different farmer’s field (planted during 2017-2019).
Plant height (m)
Genotype Pusa Abhinav Pusa Udit Local type
Hissar (Haryana) 1.45 1.33 2.56
Sonipat (Haryana) 1.56 1.75 4.23
Etawah (UP) 2.30 2.45 3.4
Bijnor (UP) 3.1 3.5 -
Gautam Budh Nagar UP) 3.1 3.3 -
Fruit/tree
Genotype Pusa Abhinav Pusa Udit Local type
Hissar (Haryana) - - -
Sonipat (Haryana) 256 211 -
Etawah (UP) 65 54 -
Bijnor (UP) - - -
Gautam Budh Nagar UP) 350 365 -
52. Description of acid lime cultivar ‘Pusa Abhinav’
S. No Character Description
01 Tree growth habit Spreading
02 Canopy dense
03 Spine: Density of spines on the adult tree
(one year old shoot 30 cm
Medium and dense (<10 nos/30 cm)
04 Leaf
Shape of leaf blade Elliptic
Shape of leaf apex Acute
Shape of leaf margin Denate
Shape of leaf base Obtuse
04 Fruit character
Fruit shape Round to ovoid
Fruit surface colour at ripening Yellow
Fruit core Solid
Neck Absent
Fruit surface texture Smooth
Juice colour yellow Light yellow
Fruit juiciness High
05 Seed per fruit (<10) Low seeded
06 Fruit quality
Acidity (>6.5% citric acid) High
07 Bearing habit Twice in a year under subtropical
semi-arid conditions
54. SALIENT FEATURES OF SWEET ORANGE SELECTION
Pusa Round (MS-13) (Accession No. 274693)
• Improved selection for commercial cultivation under
Subtropical conditions as well lower mid hills of
Uttarakhand
• Distinct advantage in yield and quality characters over
available commercial sweet orange cultivars
Average fruit weight- 242.18 g; juice content-48.47%;
Yield/tree-3.78-fold higher and yield efficiency (kg/m3
CV)-1.69-fold higher than Jaffa (check).
• High TSS (12.000B) with moderate acidity (1.00%).
• Early maturity (15th October).
Breeders: Dr A. K. Dubey, Principal Scientist, Dr Manish Srivastav, Principal
Scientist, Dr O. P. Awasthi, Principal Scientist, Dr M. K. Verma, Principal
Scientist, Dr (Mrs.) Charanjit Kaur, Principal Scientist
55. Average performance of MS-13 (Pusa Round) during
2012-13 to 2016-17 at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi against check
Variety Pusa Round
(MS-13)
Jaffa
(Local Check)
Per cent change
Yield (kg/tree) 34.20 9.03 278.74
Yield Efficiency ((kg/ m3 CV) 0.56 0.33 69.70
Fruiting Density (Fruits/m3
CV) 2.88 2.69 7.06
Fruit weight (g) 242.18 152.44 58.87
Juice (%) 48.47 50.64 -4.29
Seeds/fruit 22.16 9.91 123.61
Peel thickness (mm) 3.99 2.93 36.18
TSS (0B) 11.98 8.07 48.45
Acidity (% citric acid) 1.00 0.67 49.25
Ascorbic Acid (mg/100 ml
juice) 43.74 37.85 15.56
57. Description of sweet orange cultivar ‘Pusa
Round’ (MS-13)
Characters Pusa Round (MS-13)
Fruit shape Round
Fruit core Semi solid
Fruit surface texture Rough
Fruit Weight (g) >240 g
Fruit diameter (mm) >75
Fruit length (mm) >75
Shape of fruit apex Flat
Fruit rind (epicarp) colour Light Orange
Fruit rind thickness (mm) >4
Fruit juiciness (%) High
Juice colour Yellow
Titratable acidity (% citric acid) <1.0
Remark Early maturity
58. Bearing tree of Pusa Round
Fruits of Pusa Round
Fruits of Pusa Round
59. Out of these 26 primers, TAA45 able to distinguish among
sweet orange variety Malta clone
P1; Pusa Sharad, P2; MS-1, P3-; MS-2, P4; MS-3, P5; MS-
8, P6-Jaffa, P7: Pusa Round
60. Scion Bank Establishment
• SKUAST, Jammu
• IARI Regional Station, Karnal, Haryana
• PAU, Kudhiana, Punjab
• CAU, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh
• NRC for Agro-forestry, Jhansi Uttar Pradesh
• CAU, Pashighat, Arunachal Pradesh
• Fruit Research Station, MPUAT, Sriganganagar,
Rajasthan.
• RVSUA, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh
• Dr BSKKV, Dapoli, Maharashtra
• ICAR- CCRI, Nagpur, Maharashtra
• Fruit Research Station, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh
62. Salient Features of ‘Pusa Navrang’
(Accession No. IC- 616658 )
• Developed through hybridization between ‘Madeleine Angevine’ and
‘Rubired’.
• Early maturing (90-95 days after full bloom) under sub-tropical
conditions of New Delhi.
• Highly fruitful and wider adaptability (temperate, tropical and
subtropical).
• Heavy cropping with medium berry size, seeded, suitable for juice
making.
• Medium size of bunch & berry dark purple in colour, tenturier (pulp
and peel both coloured), TSS 18-20°Brix, moderate acidity (0.60 to
0.72%), higher content of total monomeric anthocyanin contents
(791.04 to 900 C3GE, mg kg-1 of juice), total phenolics (284.25 GAE,
mg/100 g) and total flavonoids (127.75 QE, mg/100 g).
• Field resistance to anthracnose, powdery mildew and downy mildew.
• Average yield on trellis system is 14-15 t/ha under subtropical climate
of north India.
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
63. Comparison of ‘Pusa Navrang’ with check varieties (‘Punjab Purple’ and
‘Black Muscat’) based on pooled data of 5 years (2015-19).
Characteristics Pusa
Navrang
Punjab Purple
(Check 1)
Black Muscat
(Check 2)
Bunch wt. (g) 144.16 171.00 249.00
Berry wt. (g) 1.60 4.48 3.38
Berry length (mm) 13.77 13.65 16.62
Berry diameter (mm) 14.02 13.58 15.68
TSS (°Brix) 18.77 20.90 16.75
Total titratable acidity (%) 0.76 0.73 0.59
TSS/Acid Ratio 24.69 28.63 28.38
pH 3.95 3.90 3.60
Vitamin C (mg/100 ml juice) 3.56 6.24 6.24
Total monomeric
anthocyanins (C3GE, mg kg-
1)
824.88 576.21 52.77
Total Phenolics (GAE, mg
/100 g)
287.12 177.00 258.00
Juice recovery (%) 67.45 64.05 62.45
Date of bud burst 24-29 Feb 25-28 Feb, 24-29 Feb
Date of full bloom 14-18
March
15-18 March 15-20 March
Date of harvest 8-10 June 12-20 June 12-20 June
Days to maturity 92 100 102
Yield (t/ha) on Extended Y
(2.5 x 3.0 m)
15.30 12.0 13.5
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
64. Average yield (kg/vine)
Variety Yield per vine
(3 yr old)
Pusa Navrang 12.20 kg/vine
Arka Neelamani 4.70 kg/vine
Arka Krishna 0.43 kg/vine
Arka Chitra 0.95 kg/vine
Variety Yield (kg/vine)
Pusa Navrang 22.5
Cardinal 8.26
Paschim Midnapore, WB
Pusa Navrang 17.8 kg
Bangalore Blue 6.1
Cab. Savig. 4.2
Merlot 3.5
Gulabi x BB 13.4
Variety TSS%
Pusa
Navrang
18.60
Arka
Neelamani
20.2
Arka Krishna 18.60
Arka Chitra 18.6
Pusa
Navrang
64.6
Bangalore
Blue
57.9
Cab. Savign. 62.8
Merlot 55.40
Shiraz 62.6
Variety Juice %
Pusa
Navrang
69.10
Arka
Neelamani
70.0
Arka Krishna 64.9
Arka Chitra 64.5
Variety TSS%
Pusa
Navrang
16.05
Cardinal 16.65
Juice % TSS%
Paschim
Midnapore, WB
Paschim
Midnapore, WB
Lucknow, UP
Lucknow, UP
Hyderabad,
Telengana
Hyderabad, Telengana
Performance of ‘Pusa Navrang’ at different locations
65. Pusa Navrang
Points for
release
• Nutraceutically
rich.
• Highly tolerant
to pest and
diseases.
• High yielding
• Tolerant to
high
temperature
and rain
induced
cracking.
• Early maturing.
• Suitable for
juice and
coloured wine
making
Indents received and material
supplied:
1. Champhai, Mizoram
2. Jammu and Kashmir
3. Dehradun, Uttarakhand
4. Kota, Rajasthan
5. Ludhiana, Amritsar,
Bhatinda, Punjab
6. Hissar,
Mahendergarh,Haryana
Indents received and material
supplied:
7. Koraput, Odisha
8. Bankura, Mednapore, WB
9. Mandsour, MP
10. Theni- Tamilnadu
11. Ratlam, MP
12. Muzaffarnagar, UP
Indents received and material
supplied:
13. Raipur, Chhattisgarh
14. Meerut, UP
15. Lucknow, UP
16. Pune, Maharastra
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
66. Fig. 1. Gel Image of SSR marker VVIh54 for Pusa Navrang and parents
Fig. 2. Gel Image for SSR marker VVMD24 for Pusa Navrang and parents
MA
Rubired
MA
Rubired
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
67. Breeders
Developers
(Breeders)
1. Late Dr P.C. Jindal, Principal
Scientist, F&HT
2. Sh. Kashmir Singh, Scientist (SG)
(Retd.).
3. Dr Shyam Nagina Pandey, Former
ADG (Hort. Sci.), ICAR & Principal
Scientist, F&HT (Retd.)
Collaborators
name, who are
involved in
multiplication
and promoting
the variety
1. Dr S.K. Singh, Principal Scientist,
F&HT
2. Dr M.K. Verma, Principal
Scientist, F&HT
3. Dr V.B. Patel, Principal Scientist,
F&HT
4. Dr Chavlesh Kumar, Scientist,
F&HT
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
68. Salient Features of ‘Pusa Urvashi’
(Accession No. IC- 612129)
• It is a hybrid between ‘Hur’ x ‘Beauty Seedless’ released by
IARI in 1996.
• It is early maturing (97 days after full bloom), particularly
suitable for sub-tropical conditions.
• Bunches are semi-compact, large in size (326 g), uniformly
round, seedless berries (2.68 g), greenish-yellow in colour
and is GA responsive.
• Moderate TSS (17.34°Brix) and acidity with ideal TSS:acid
ratio.
• Moderately rich in nutraceutical properties like total
phenolics (54.79 mg/100 g), total flavonoids (35.25 mg/100
g), and moderate antioxidant properties assessed by DPPH,
FRAP and CUPRAC assay.
• Suitable for table purpose and juice making.
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
69. Comparison of ‘Pusa Urvashi’ with ‘Perlette’ a commercial
cultivar of north India based on pooled data of 5 years (2015-19).
Parameters Pusa Urvashi
(Candidate variety)
Perlette
(Check variety)
Vine vigour Moderate Moderate
Bunch wt. (g) 323.60 320.25
Berry wt. (g) 2.68 1.82
Peel colour Greenish-yellow Greenish-yellow
Number of seeds per berry Seedless Seedless
Berry diameter (mm) 15.55 12.70
TSS (°Brix) 17.34 18.88
Total titratable acidity (%) 0.70 0.64
TSS/Acid ratio 24.93 29.50
Vitamin C (mg/100 ml juice) 8.80 6.24
Juice recovery (%) 70.15 68.24
Reaction to Powdery mildew Moderately tolerant Susceptible
Reaction to Downy mildew Moderately tolerant Susceptible
Reaction to Anthracnose Moderately tolerant Susceptible
Date of harvest 2nd week June 1st week June
Days to maturity (days after full
bloom)
97 88
Yield (t/ha) on Bower (3.0 x 3.0 m) 20.60 14.50
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
70. Performance of ‘Pusa Urvashi’ at different
locations
Variety Yield
(kg/vine)
Juice (%) TSS %)
Perlette 0.58 76.1 19.8
Pusa
Urvashi
2.90 69.3 19.1
West Bengal, 3 yrs old vine
Variety Yield
(kg/vine)
Berry
weight (g)
TSS %)
Pusa
Urvashi
1.2-2.89 1.61 16.07
Perlette 2.69-9.84 1.52 17.37
New
Perlette
2.25-4.80 1.38 18.35
Lucknow, 3 yrs old vine
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
71. Description of ‘Pusa Urvashi’
Plant height /
Vine length
Moderately vigorous
Plant type
Leaf characters
Flower
characters
Fruit characters
Vines are semi-vigorous.
Medium leaf blade size, pentagonal in shape, 3 number of lobes,
self-fruitful, male and female flowers fully developed.
Bunch size large (326.6 g), berry size medium, berry shape
round, seedless, berry skin colour greenish-yellow, juicy flesh.
Responsive to GA3.
Maturity Ready for first harvesting in 95-100 days after full bloom.
Maturity Group Early maturing
Reaction to
major diseases
Moderately field tolerance against powdery mildew (Uncinula
necator), downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) and anthracnose
(Elsinoë ampelina), the important diseases of grapes prevalent
in northern plains.
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
72. Pusa Urvashi
Points for
release
• Seedless.
• High yielding
• Early
maturing.
• High bud
fruitfulness
• Suitable for
table and
juice making
• Suitable for
sub-tropical
climate
Indents received and
material supplied:
1. Jammu and Kashmir
2. Dehradun, Uttarakhand
3. Kota, Rajasthan
4. Punjab: Amritsar,
Bhatinda, Ludhiana
5. Haryana: Hissar,
Sonipat,
Indents received and
material supplied:
6. Bankura, W.B.
7. Mandsour, MP
8. Muzaffarnagar, UP
Indents received and
material supplied:
13. Raipur, Chhattisgarh
14. Meerut, UP
15. Lucknow, UP
16. Pune, Maharashtra
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
73. Fig. 1. Gel Image of SSR marker VVIh54 for Pusa Urvashi and parents
Fig. 2. Gel Image for SSR marker VVMD24 for Pusa Urvashi and parents
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
74. Breeders
Developers 1. Late Dr P.C. Jindal, Principal Scientist,
F&HT
2. Sh. Kashmir Singh, Scientist (SG)
(Retd.).
3. Dr Shyam Nagina Pandey, Former ADG
(Hort. Sci.), ICAR & Principal Scientist,
F&HT (Retd.)
Collaborators
name, who are
involved in
multiplication
and promoting
the variety
Dr S.K. Singh, Principal Scientist, F&HT
Dr M.K. Verma, Principal Scientist, F&HT
Dr V.B. Patel, Principal Scientist, F&HT
Dr Chavlesh Kumar, Scientist, F&HT
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
75. Salient Features of ‘Pusa Aditi’
(Accession No. IC- 0628795)
• It is a hybrid between ‘Banqui Abyad’ and ‘Perlette’
released by the State Seed-Committee for Agricultural
and Horticultural Crops, Government of N.C.T. of Delhi
on 19th December, 2017.
• Early maturing (82-85 days after full bloom), suitable
for sub-tropical conditions, escape damage by pre-
monsoon showers.
• Bunches semi-compact, large in size (440 g),
uniformly round, seedless berries (2.77 g), greenish-
yellow in colour and is GA (30-45 ppm) responsive.
• Moderate TSS (19.31°Brix) and low acidity (0.56%).
• Suitable for table purpose and juice making.
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
76. Comparison of ‘Pusa Aditi’ with ‘Perlette’ a commercial cultivar on
pooled data of 5 years (2015-19).
Characteristics Pusa Aditi Perlette (Check)
Bearing of behavior Basal bearing Basal bearing
Vine vigour Moderate Moderate
Av. berry weight (g) 2.77 1.82
Av. bunch weight (g) 440.14 411.1
Peel colour Greenish-yellow Greenish-yellow
Reaction to Powdery
mildew
Moderately tolerant Susceptible
Reaction to Downy
mildew
Moderately tolerant Susceptible
Reaction to Anthracnose Moderately tolerant Susceptible
Reaction to termite Moderately tolerant Highly susceptible
Average yield (kg/vine) 10-12 (Head system)
17-18 (Bower system)
7-8 (Head system)
12-14 (Bower system)
TSS (0Brix) 19.31 17.88
Date of harvest 10th June 2nd June
Days to maturity 80-85 DAFB 75-80 DAFB
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
77. Performance of ‘Pusa Aditi’ at different
locations
Variety Yield
(kg/vine)
TSS
Perlette 0.58 17.34
Pusa
Aditi
1.69 16.17
CISH Lucknow, 5 yrs old
vine
Variety Yield (kg/vine)
Pusa
Aditi
15.50 kg/vine
Perlette 10.20 kg/vine
New
Perlette
2.25-4.80
Rajnandgaon, Chhatisgarh
Variety Yield
(kg/vine)
TSS
Pusa
Aditi
2.90 18.17
Perlette 0.58 19.8
Bankura, WB, 3 yrs old vine
Ratlam, Madhya Pradesh &
Kota, Rajasthan
Farmers feedback:
Early maturing grape varieties like
Perlette, Pusa Aditi, Pusa
Navrang, are doing well in the region
78. Description of ‘Pusa Aditi’
Plant height / Vine
length
Moderately vigorous
1.Plant type
2. Leaf characters
3.Flower
characters
4.Fruit characters
Vines are semi-vigorous.
Medium leaf blade size, pentagonal in shape, 5
number of lobes.
Hermaphrodite, self-fruitful, male and female
flowers fully developed, green in colour, and
medium in size.
Bunch size large (440 g), berry size medium, berry
shape round, seedless, berry peel colour green-
yellow, TSS 19.30Brix.
Maturity Ready for first harvesting in 82-85 days after full
bloom.
Maturity Group Early maturing
Reaction to major Moderately field tolerance against powdery
mildew, downy mildew and anthracnose, the
important diseases of grapes prevalent in northern
plains.
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
79. Pusa Aditi
Points for
release
• Seedless.
• Firm and bold
berries.
• High yielding
• Early maturing.
• High bud
fruitfulness
• Suitable for table
and juice making.
• Suitable for sub-
tropical climate
Indents received and
material supplied:
1. Jammu and Kashmir
2. Uttarakhand
3. Kota
4. Punjab: Amritsar,
Bhatinda
5. Haryana: Hissar,
Sonipat,
Indents received and
material supplied:
6. Bankura, W.B.
7. Mandsour, MP
8. Muzaffarnagar, UP
Indents received and
material supplied:
13. Raipur, Chhattisgarh
14. Meerut, UP
15. Lucknow, UP
16. Pune, Maharastra
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
80. Fig. 1. Gel Image of SSR marker VVIh54 for Pusa Aditi and parents
Fig. 2. Gel Image for SSR marker VVMD24 for Pusa Aditi and parents
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
81. Breeders
Developers 1. Late Dr P.C. Jindal, Principal Scientist,
F&HT
2. Sh. Kashmir Singh, Scientist (SG) (Retd.).
Collaborators
name, who are
involved in
multiplication and
promoting the
variety
1. Dr S.K. Singh, Principal Scientist, F&HT
2. Dr M.K. Verma, Principal Scientist, F&HT
3. Dr V.B. Patel, Principal Scientist, F&HT
4. Dr Jai Prakash, Principal Scientist, F&HT
5. Dr Jai Prakash, Principal Scientist
6.Dr Laxman Singh, Ex. ACTO (Expired)
8. Sh. Surendra Pal, Ex. ACTO (Retired)
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
82. Proceedings of CVRC/ Gazette Notification
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012
83. Variety Protection
PPV & FRA
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84. PPV&FR Authority
• The enactment and establishment of the
Authority was based on the sui generis
system adopted in harmonization with
UPOV system of Novelty, Distinctness,
Uniformity and Stability.
• Farmers’ Rights Section was an unique
feature of the Act, which gave the much
needed importance to the Farmers.
Division
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85. Objectives of the PPV&FR Authority
• To provide an effective system for protection
of Plant varieties and rights of farmers and
plant breeders
• To recognize the farmers in respect of their
contribution made at conserving , improving
and making available plant genetic resources
(in light of FAO and CBD Agenda 21) for
development of new plant varieties
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86. • To protect plant breeders’ rights to
stimulate investment for R&D and
develop new varieties (essence of UPOV
convention)
• To facilitate the growth of seed industry
to ensure production and availability of
high quality seed/planting material
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87. Implementation of PPV&FR Act 2001
• PPV&FR rules notified in 2003, Authority
established on 11th November, 2005, Regulations
notified in 2006.
• Publication of Plant Variety Journal of India
started from February-March 2007.
• General guidelines for DUS testing and Crop
specific DUS test guidelines for 12 crops were
published and released on 20th February, 2007
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88. Process of registration
Development of DUS Guideline
Gazette Notification
Application by Breeder/Farmers
Application Accepted/Rejected
DUS Test for accepted entry
+ DUS test Fee
Analysis of DUS data
Acceptance/Rejection for claim
For Novelty & DUS
Registration Grant in
National Plant Variety Register
Marketing of Registered variety
Internal Scrutiny PV 1, TQ, NORV,
IINDUS
Seed Deposit (National Gene Bank)
Two independent growing season
Test for Special characters
Payment of Registration Fee
Annual/Renewal Fee during
Protection period24
Compulsory Licensing/Benefit
sharing /denomination alter
Surrender/Revocation of
Registration
90. Fees payable Amount of Fee Form
No
Conducting Tests Max 35,000/-per entry -----
Notice of oppositions Rs 1500/- PV 3
Extension of Time Rs 1500/-per month PV 5
Fees for registration of EDVs Individual -5000/-
Educational –7000/-
Commercial–10000/- ---
Renewal Fee as above PV 6
Application for Benefit Sharing Rs 5000/- PV 7
Application for Registering as Agent/License Rs10000/- PV 9
Application for variation/cancellation Individual -3000/-
of the terms of Registration Educational –5000/-
Commercial–7000/- PV 10
Notice of opposition to application Rs 1500/- PV
11
for variation/cancellation of terms of
registration
Fees to be paid
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91. Registration
• 18 years for trees and vines, from the date of Registration.
• Certificate of registration will be reviewed and renewed
after six years for annual crops and nine years for
trees/vines on payment of prescribed fees;
• For extant varieties, 15 years from date of notification of
that variety by the Central Government under section 5 of
the Seeds Act, 1966 and in other cases, 15years from the
date of registration of the variety. Sec24(6)
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92. Benefit Sharing
• Section 26 deals with the Benefit Sharing.
• The claims under benefit sharing can be
submitted by Citizens of India or Firms /
NGOs formed or established in India.
• Such claims after due examination and after
receiving counter-claims will be disposed by
the Authority.
• The amount thus determined shall be
deposited by the breeder in the manner
referred to in clause(a) of sub-section(1) of
section 45 in the National Gene Fund.
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93. • Sec 26(1) –upon grant of Registration certificate, authority
will advertise and invite claims of benefit sharing to the
variety
• Sec 26(2)-any person/community (Govt/Non Govt) can
claim and Authority shall inform breeder to submit
opposition under Sec 26(3)
• Authority will hear the parties Sec 26(4) and decide
amount of benefit sharing, if any, under 26(5) considering
the extent/nature of use of genetic material in
development of the variety and commercial utility and
demand in the market of the variety
• Benefit sharing to be deposited in the National Gene Fund
[Sec 26(6)]
• Amount of benefit sharing is recoverable as an arrear of
land revenue by DM within jurisdiction of local limits [Sec
26(7)]
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94. What about Breeders?
• Breeder shall be required to deposit seeds or
propagating material including parental line seeds of
registered varieties in the National Gene Bank
(Sec27).
• A certificate of registration for a variety issued under
this Act shall confer an exclusive right on the breeder
or his success or, his agent or licensee, to produce,
sell, market, distribute, import or export the variety
[Sec28(1)]
• Breeders can appoint agent/ licensee and can opt for
civil remedy in case of infringement of his rights.
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95. Researcher’s Rights (Sec 30)Section 30 states that:
• Nothing contained in this Act shall prevent-
✓ (a)The use of any variety registered under this Act by
any person using such variety for conducting
experiment or research
✓ (b)The use of a variety as an initial source of variety
for the purpose of creating of other varieties:
• Provided that the authorization of the breeder of
a registered variety is required where the
repeated use of such variety as a parental line is
necessary for commercial production of such
other newly developed variety.
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96. Farmers’ Rights (Sec 39)
• A new variety bred/developed by farmer will be
registered in like manner as a breeder of a variety.
• Farmer engaged in conservation of genetic
resources of land races and wild relatives of
economic plants, improvement through selection
and preservation shall be entitled for recognition
and reward from Gene Fund provided that the
said material has been used as donors of genes in
varieties registrable under this Act.
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97. • Farmers can save, use, sow, re-sow, exchange,
share or sell farm produce including seed of a
protected variety but can not sell branded
seed of a variety protected under this Act.
• Breeder shall disclose expected performance
of the protected variety under given
conditions and farmers can claim
compensation if variety fails.
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98. Farmers’ variety
• Sec 2(l) states:
– Farmers’ variety means a variety which has
been traditionally cultivated and evolved by
farmers in their fields; or
• is a wild relative or land race of a
variety about which the farmers
possess the common knowledge
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99. Crop Species for Registration
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100. Species notified:
• Bread wheatRice
• Pearl milletSorghum
• MaizePigeon pea
• ChickpeaGreen gram
• Black gram Kidney bean/ French bean
• LentilField pea / Garden pea
• Cotton (4 species viz. Gossypiumhirsutum, G.
barbadense, G. arboretumand G. herbaceumL.)
• Jute (2 species viz. Corchorusolitoriusand C.
capsularis)
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101. • Sugar caneGinger
• Turmeric Black pepper
• Small CardamomSunflower
• Safflower Castor
• SesameLinseed
• GroundnutSoybean
• Indian Mustard [Sarso(BrassicajunceaL.
Czern& Coss) and Karan Rai(B. carinataA.
Braun)]
• Rapeseed [Toria(B. rapaL.) and
GobhiSarson(B. napusL.)
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102. Crops under notification:
• PotatoTomato
• BrinjalGarlic
• OnionOkra
• CabbageCauliflower
• RoseMango
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103. New crops for which DUS Testing Guideline
Development is under process:
• Coconut Cashew
• Plantago (Isabgol) Coriander
• Rubber Tea
• Coffee Eucalyptus
• Casurina (02 species) Neem
• Jatropha Karanj
• Walnut Almond
• Apple Pear
• Cherry Apricot
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104. • Bamboo (2 species) Sweet potato
• Cassava Orchids (3 genera)
• Mentha Brahmi
• Periwinkle Ashwagandha
• Rosa damascena Chrysanthemum
• Cucurbits (8 species) Citrus (3 species)
• Papaya Guava
• Banana Litchi
Division
of
Fruits
and
Horticultural
Technology
ICAR-
Indian
Agricultural
Research
Institute,
New
Delhi
-
110012