The document discusses expanding the view of sustainability from software products to services. It proposes hybridizing software and service management models to leverage value management. The goals are to take a broader view of sustainability as an ISO standard characteristic and lower project costs by applying the same standards to both software and services, which often only differ in name. While software and services sometimes compete, they can also work together toward value through outcomes. Future work includes measuring sustainability systematically for both domains and benchmarking through hybrid models.

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25°International Workshop on Software
Measurement (IWSM) and 10th International
Conference on Software Process and Product
Measurement (MENSURA)
Cracow (Poland) - October 5-7, 2015
Luigi Buglione
Giuseppe Lami
Measurement and Metrics for Green
and Sustainable Software
(MeGSuS ’15)
A Still Broader PerspectiveFrom Software to Service Sustainability

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© 2015 Buglione & Lami
Goals of the presentation
1. Propose an approach to enlarge the view from software
(products) to services from an Asset Management
perspective
 2. Hybridize typical software and service management
models and frameworks for leveraging Value Management
in organizations and lower project(s) TCO
Sw vs Svc Sustainability

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ISTI-CNR At a glance
www.isti.cnr.it

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Engineering At a glance
www.eng.it

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Introduction Sustainability – Definition & Concept
Sustainability (originating from the Latin
word sustenere that means: ‘to hold up’)
shows the capability of enduring over time.
In the last years sustainability is more and
more intended as the responsible use of the
heart resources in order to “meet the needs
of the present without compromising the
ability of future generations to meet their
own needs”
Rome, Teatro di Marcello (I century BC)

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Introduction Sustainability – Extending ISO 25010
• Moving from the ISO (product) quality model proposed in 25010:2011
standard, ‘sustainability’ could be a further characteristic to be included into
the model
• The model has been produced by a WG within the SC7 (Systems &
Software) domain, but could it be applicable also to an (ICT) service or not?

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Introduction Product vs Service? ISO Glossary
• Service is the result of at least one activity necessarily performed at the interface
between the supplier and customer and is generally intangible” (ISO
9000:2005,§3.4.2, note 2).
• Product is the result of a process, and that “there are four generic product categories,
as follows: services, software, hardware, processed materials”. Again, “many products
comprise elements belonging to different product categories[…] For example, the offered
product ‘automobile’ consists of hardware (e.g. tyres), processed materials (e.g. fuel,
cooling liquid), software (e.g. engine control software, driver’s manual) and service (e.g.
operating explanations given by the salesman)”. (ISO 9000:2005,§3.4.2, note 1).

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Introduction (IT) Service Management – Value
• Value  Utility + Warranty
• Service is a means of delivering value to customers by facilitating outcomes
customers want to achieve without the ownership of specific costs and risks. (ITIL v3
Glossary, 2011)

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Sw or Svc? The Entity question
• Is the ‘project scope’ a software or a service project?
• If a service has a wider scope than a strictly software project, why don’t using
such representation where a service can include 2+ sub-projects (Sw+Svc)?
• BTW, maintenance…is a service!
• Thus…isn’t only a wording (more than a content) issue?
• Looking at MCMs, CMMI-DEV and CMMI-SVC share 16 out of 22 processes

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Svc Sustainability Quality Models: only for Software?
• Substituting “System/Software Product” with “Service”, couldn’t ISO/IEC
25010:2011 be applied to a service or not? Only to ICT services or to a
generic service?
• Direct consequences
 right now different ISO WG for software and services, with the risk to duplicate
models and efforts (e.g. maturity models for services from WG10 and WG25-
40) with possible confusions for adopters
 the adoption of the same standards for Software and Service communities
could make lower the TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) for ICT projects

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Conclusions & Future Works
• Software and Service: friends or foes?
 Often there is a ‘wording’ barrier more than a real difference between the 2 worlds
 E.g. ‘product’ in the ISO glossary can be referred both to products and services
 E.g. ISO 20000-1 is a service-oriented specification of ISO 9001
 A service can manage a software, a software can be used by a service
• Models and Methods
 Many models, taxonomies and frameworks can be valid for both domains
 The value in better define points of contacts besides in a lower TCO for projects
 E.g. ITIL is not only for IT services and can be a good framework for strategy and
design suggestions not valid
• Sustainability and Maintainability
 Value should be the sum of Utility+Warranty, both for a product and a service
 Thus, Value is the final goal to achieve in order to really improve our activities
 Sustainability becomes the way to create and maintain value over time
 Next Steps
 Identify systematic approaches for measuring sustainability, both for products and
services
 Hybridize more models and techniques (e.g. EAM analysis) between the two
communities for benchmarking purposes
All models are wrong. Some models are useful.
(George Box, Mathematician, 1919-2013)
Sw vs Svc Sustainability

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Lessons Learned...
URL:www.dilbert.com
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Q & A
Dziękuję za uwagę!
Thanks for your attention!
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Our Contact Data
Giuseppe
Lami
ISTI/CNR
giuseppe.lami@isti.cnr.it
Luigi
Buglione
Engineering Ingegneria Informatica/ETS
luigi.buglione@eng.it
Sw vs Svc Sustainability