The document discusses Atos' use of functional point analysis (FPA) for software estimation within its Global Delivery Platform (GDP). It describes how Atos uses FPA to estimate project size, calculate standard effort, and convert effort into cost. FPA is integrated into GDP's processes and phases to enable estimation of main build effort and full lifecycle effort. Historical FPA data collected within GDP is used to determine productivity ratios for estimation.

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Best practises and standards
for estimation and measuring
of software size within the
Atos Gobal Delivery Platform
Atos Team
Gerd Peters, Janusz Marcinkowski,
Janusz Charczuk, Karol Nowosielski

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Function Points in GDP
For external useAgenda
• Atos is …
• For what purpose Atos uses Functional Points?
• Functional Points support from Atos Global Delivery Platform
• Experiences and conclusions

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▶ The Atos Story – delivering the Global
Experience
▶ Over 20 years relationship with the
International Olympic Committee
▶ Turning the Games into a fully connected
global experience
▶ Bringing together people, process and
technology
▶ Embracing digital transformation
through the use of disruptive technologies
3

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Atos is …
Global Digital Services Leader that powers progress
for the firms of the future by uniting people, business
and technology.
€ 9,051 bn 2014 revenue~93,000 headcount 66 countries

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Atos, a global player

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Atos addressing the Digital Transformation
along the whole value chain
Big Data:
transforming
data into
customer
tangible
business value
Customer
usage
DATA
MODELLING
MASSIVE
DATA
REAL-TIME
DATA
COMPLEX
ANALYTICS
IoT DATA
AGILE DATA
Consulting
Business
App
integration
Finance
Telco & OTT
Retail
Healthcare
Energy
Aerospace
Automotive
Weather
Research
Medias
Defence…
IT Platforms
& appliances
High Power
Computing
In
memory
Open
commute
Delivery &
Operations
MANAGED
SERVICES
IaaS/SaaS

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Atos Global Delivery Platform
General Description
▶ Software estimation process is part of the global quality management system Atos Global
Delivery Platform [GDP].
▶ GDP is a set of processes, standards and control tools in conjunction with a process
supporting the software manufacturing.

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Atos has used FP for many years
▶ Sizing methods: IPPUG, COSMIC, NESMA, UoW, …
▶ Sizing objects: constantly expanded Estimation Service Catalogues
▶ Sizing metrics: IT Service metrics depend on FP have been collected since 2008
▶ More than 1500 measurements from over 200 projects
▶ Statistics from over a dozen key technologies
▶ Statistics from over a dozen variants of nature of the projets
3GL 4GL Cobol EAI Tibco Java Microsoft .Net Oracle ….
New development Enhancement Migration ….

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ATOS USES
FUNCTION POINTS METHOD
For what purpose?

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Dilemmas during estimation
Customer
Supplier
1. Number of FP
2. Workload of the project
3. Risks
4. Activity unmeasurable in FP
5. Total project cost
6. FP rate
1. Really needed functionalities
2. Minimum of TOC
3. Total FP
4. FP rate
5. Risks
6. Supplier activity
unmeasurable in FP

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Quantifying customer
requirements - Sizing
Converting product
size into standard effort
Applying adjustments
Converting effort into cost
Sizing methods:
FP (IFPUG), COSMIC, UoW, LoC, TC …
Standard productivity published on
Service catalogue.
System Characteristics (IFPUG)
+ context/tech adjustments
Cost rates (Service Cat),
FO/BO distribution (bid decision)
1
2
3
4
Principles of estimation
* The productivity rates may depend on the technology, tools, processes as well as skill and experience
of the resources. The productivity rates are arrived from the historical data in organization database.

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1. Estimation is an approximation, not a project plan.
2. We don’t know and can’t control all factors that affects productivity but we can
mitigate the risks using history.
3. Analyze the data to identify patterns, strengths, weaknesses.
Key points during estimation
Estimations Risk Mitigation Methods:
• Use a size and a productivity ranges: the worst, the best and the most likely.
• Incorporate size growth into the baseline estimation (x%): normally projects are
more complex that they seem to be at a very early stage.
• Increase the main drivers: schedule or effort. Increase of staff has limited
effectiveness and is costly.

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FPA method
FP Lifecycle in Atos
1. FP estimation
of application
size
2. Main-build estimation
3. Dependent
metrics
calculation
4. Project
plan/re-plan
5. Progress of the project,
used resources, earned
deliverables monitoring
6. Atos’s
knowledge
base updating

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FPA method
Information flows
Historical
information
Track &
Forecast
Benchmark
& Analyze
Estimate
& Plan

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We use three types of counts to be distinguished:
Indicative count +/- 50% (mostly performed during the RFI phase);
Rough count +/- 20% (RFP, a quick estimate made from data models
with some assumptions, e.g., medium complexity);
Detailed count +/- 5% (RFP, clean order, consumes more time to
count).
A Detailed count should be done using IFPUG version provided in the Estimation
Techniques/IFPUG’ folder.
• Experience shows that a detailed count does not add much to the accuracy of the count but it
is much extra effort to do compared to a rough count.
• Recommendation is to stick to rough counts, as the uncertainty of this count after delivery is
+/- 10%. The 20% in earlier phases is 10% higher due to uncertainties in the specifications
A Rough count is a count in which all FPA functions are identified conform the IFPUG guidelines
but are classified as average for the functions (EI, EO, EQ) and simple for the logical files (ILF
and EIF).
An Indicative count is a quick estimate made from the data model, based solely on the present
logical files (ILFs and EIFs) and, assuming that there will be about three EIs (to add, change,
and delete information in the ILF), two EOs, and one EQ on average for every ILF, and about
one EO and one EQ for every EIF.
FPA method
Types of measurements

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Quantitative Software Metrics (QSM) SLIM Estimate tool uses the following
parameters to estimate the effort needed:
• Effective Lines of Code (Elocs)
• Man Month
• Elapsed Time
• PI - Productivity Index (measures Team efficiency)
• MBI - Manpower Buildup Index (measures Time Pressure)
Productivity in Hrs/FP
Productivity measure (hours/FP) is not linear in software development:
Development is not Manufacturing.
When time span is decreased, the hours/FP increase
FPA method
QSM SLIM tools

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ATOS GLOBAL
DELIVERY PLATFORM
Functional Points support from

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Atos Global Delivery Platform
General Description
▶ Software estimation process is part of the global quality management system Atos Global
Delivery Platform [GDP].
▶ GDP is a set of processes, standards and control tools in conjunction with a process
supporting the software manufacturing.

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Atos Global Delivery Platform
S5 - Estimation Management
▶ S5 Estimation Management process is defined within GDP. It is an integral part of activities
whose goal is the planning of software deliveries according to the binding schedule, within
the foreseen budget and applying the due diligence.

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Atos Global Delivery Platform
Integrated Software Delivery
▶ Atos Global Delivery Platform E0-E4 engineering processes enable Atos Integrated
Software Development Process encompassing L1-L11 phases, which form the complete
software manufacturing cycle.

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Atos Global Delivery Platform
Rough/detailed estimation after Req Dev
▶ The amount of functional points, relevant to the considered functional area of application,
is calculated through activities of GDP L2 Requirements Development phase. `

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FPA method
Productivity ratio
Requirement
assessment and
detailed technical
design
Build and
unit test
Integration
System
testing
Documentation
preparation
L4 L5 L6 L7 L8
Construction and development of software
GDP phases
DCUT (design, Construct
and Unit Test)
Main Build effort
Function Points :
functionality delivered
▶ Productivity is the measure of an effort invested vs. output
▶ Productivity is obtained by measuring the number of hours needed to execute
one FP by a certain team

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Atos Global Delivery Platform
Main Build & Full Lifecycle estimation
▶ The estimation of the workload necessary for manufacturing of the software presenting the
required quality levels is done on the basis of estimations performed during L2 phase
coupled with an analysis of available past data addressing the productivity of the considered
technology.
Above values are example values chosen for presentation purposes only

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Atos Global Delivery Platform
Main Build & Full Lifecycle estimation
▶ The phases from L4 up to L8, defined as „main build”, are distinguished within GDP AISD
through percentage parameters, which define the share of each phase in the total software
manufacturing workload.

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Atos Global Delivery Platform
Main Build & Full Lifecycle estimation
▶ The GDP methodology allows the estimation of the total workload of the global software
manufacturing process (including the final transition into production) on the base of the
ratio of workload regarding L1-L11 phases to the workload regarding L4-L8 phases.

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FPA method
FP dependent metrics calculation
FP
complexity
Main-build
effort
Non-Main
Build effort
Adjustment
factors
Project
Teams
calculation
Main Build covers activities:
• L4 Requirement assessment + Detailed technical design
• L5 Build + Unit Tests
• L6 Integration
• L7 System Testing
• installation manual in L8 Documentation preparation
• related Management and support tasks

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Atos Global Delivery Platform
S3-Measurement Management

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Atos Global Delivery Platform
S3-Measurement Management
▶ After the completion of L8 phase, the actual workload (i.e. the workload used in the real
software manufacturing process) is reported.
▶ Additionally are generated statistics regarding the amount of defects detected during the
performed quality verifications.
▶ The measures performed within S3 process are then processed by Atos Global Metrics Office
in order to update the global productivity database with regard to the technology used in
the creation of the considered system.
▶ The obtained statistics help to perform more accurate workload estimations of the
subsequent projects delivered according to the Atos Global Delivery Platform.

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EXPERIENCES
& CONCLUSIONS
FP Lifecycle in Atos

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• Simplification of procurement
process
• Focus on contracting principles
• Requirements qualification
• Budget prediction
• Scope2Value analysis
• Progress control based on
standard metrics
• Time to market reduction
• Focus on business needs
• Limited non business related
waste activities
• Common understanding of
scope complexity
• Agile change and risk
management
• Continuous improvement based
on KPIs (quality and quantity)
based on knowledge and
experience reuse
• Lower presales effort
• Governance simplification
• Resource allocation prediction
• Quantitative and qualitative
resource evaluation
• Maintenance effort prediction
• Overall cost reduction
• Customer Satisfaction
improvement
EXPERIENCES & CONCLUSIONS
Key benefits of using FP in contracts
AtosCommonCustomer
Using complexity metrics we have achieved in 2 years contract:
~30% time to market reduction
~20% defects reduction
~25% efficiency improvement
~35% Customer Satisfaction
improvement

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Thank you
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Atos Cloud and Atos WorldGrid
are registered trademarks of Atos SA. June 2011
© 2011 Atos. Confidential information owned by Atos, to be used by
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