From results based payment to the experiences on the ground
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Presentation at the Global Landscapes Forum 2015, in Paris, France alongside COP21. For more information go to: www.landscapes.org.
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From results based payment to the experiences on the ground
- 1. From results-based payment to the experiences on the ground
- 2. Annual Deforestation in the Amazon (1988 – 2014)Annual Deforestation in the Amazon (1988 – 2014) -82%
- 3. Payment for Performance (P4P)Payment for Performance (P4P) Average deforestation rate (2001 - 2010) 16,531 km² Deforested area in the Amazon Biome (km²) Formula Quantity Performance Payments’ Approach Step 1 Step 2
- 4. DonationsDonations R$ 2.52 billion (US$ 1.04 B) 96% 3% 1% • US$ 600 million from Norway new pledge • An announced € 100 million from Germany Plus:
- 5. P4PArrangement Why does it work?Why does it work?
- 6. (1) Country Ownership National Policy Strategy Land-use Planning Sustainable Production Why does it work?Why does it work? Monitoring and Control Scientific and Technological Development US$ 78 MM US$ 130 MM US$ 64 MM US$ 281 MM
- 7. Guidance Committee Technical Committee Year Fundraising limit (US$ bn) 2006 1.0 2007 1.5 2008 1.2 2009 2.2 2010 2.3 2011 2.5 2012 2.9 2013 2014 2.6 2.8 TOTAL 19.0 Participative Governance BNDES is the manager in close coordination with the Ministry of Environment (2) Governance Structure Why does it work?Why does it work?
- 8. (3) Transparency Website: www.fundoamazonia.gov.br 52 News bulletins 75 Portfolio reports 6 Annual Reports 3 Short films 300 messages/year Audits: Annual independent financial and compliance audits Why does it work?Why does it work?
- 9. 77 supported projects On Nov 2015 Current PortfolioCurrent Portfolio R$ 1,184 MM (US$ 553 MM) Federal Government5 21 7 6 37 1 States Municipalities Universities Third Sector International
- 10. Indigenous peoplesIndigenous peoplesHighlights RuralRural EnvironmentalEnvironmental RegistryRegistry Small scale projectsSmall scale projects International ProjectInternational Project
- 11. R$ 106 MM (US$ 44 MM) destined to support indigenous populations Indigenous peoplesIndigenous peoples R$ 90 MM (US$ 37 MM) to seven projects primarily destined to indigenous people R$ 16 MM (US$ 7 MM) will benefit indigenous communities through 10 other projects + Up to R$ 70 MM to PNGATI call-to-submission
- 13. 13 projects comprise CAR implementation More than US$ 95 MM Rural Environmental Registry (CAR)Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) Main instrument to verify compliance with environmental regulation CAR data is paramount to holding groups of people in settlements and/or individuals responsible for illegal deforestation
- 14. 258 partners through call-to-submissions and projects of partner institutions Small Scale ProjectsSmall Scale Projects
- 15. International ProjectInternational Project Monitoring forest coverage in the Amazon region Objective: To improve the capacity to monitor deforestation, changes in the use of land and forest in the countries of the Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO) Amazon Fund support: R$ 23,7 MM (US$ 10,7 MM)
- 16. Some Results
- 17. Land-use Planning 94 protected areas supported 14 MM hectares of protected areas with strengthened management 52% of Indigenous Lands in the Amazon Biome supported
- 18. Monitoring and Control 37 MM hectares of rural properties enrolled in the environmental rural registry (CAR) 138,000 properties enrolled in CAR
- 19. Sustainable Production 1,212 small sized projects supported 65,000 individuals directly benefitted Resident populace mobilized to monitor any deforestation or other illegal activities
- 20. Scientific and Technology Development Improved deforestation monitoring by INPE 198 researchers and technicians in scientific research activities Social mapping of 30 traditional communities in the Amazon Biome Labs structured for biology research
- 22. THANK YOU! OBRIGADA! Brazil protects it. The world supports it. Everybody wins.
- 23. From results-based payment to the experiences on the ground
Editor's Notes
- Good morning, thank you Helmut. Warm thanks to the panelists that are joining us in this session, and also to this distinguish audience that has decided to be with us this morning in our discussion forum. I will briefly present the Amazon Fund, an initiative of the Brazilian government and society to support the implementation of actions to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation.
- In the past years we could observe a dramatic reduction in deforestation rates. Brazil cut deforestation rates by 80% and is now the largest reducer of greenhouse gas emissions.
- As a pioneering initiative to reward the results obtained by Brazil in REDD+, the fund was formally established in 2008, having the government of Norway announcing a commitment to contribute with 1 billion USD to the Fund.
- Today, the Amazon Fund has donations to the tune of US$ 1 billion, having donations from Norway, from the Germany Government, through its KfW, and from Petrobras, a Brazilian Oil and Gas public company. In addition, on this past Monday, Norway annouced a new pledge to the Amazon Fund, of approximately US$ 600 million. And in August, on the occasion of the visit of the chanceller Merkel to Brazil, Germany indicated that it will further support the Amazon Fund with 100 million EUR before 2020.
- In the six years of operation, the Amazon Fund is considered well-positioned in comparison to other climate funds worldwide and as an example to be followed. And very often we listen to the question: WHY DOES IT WORK? Well, we consider these the 3 pilars of the Amazon Fund success.
- The first pillar is Country Ownership. Development does not take place unless it is achieved by the country itself, which requires that the government has sufficient support among stakeholders within and outside of the government to implement its developmental strategy. The turning point in the Brazil’s effort to curb deforestation was the implementation of the National Strategic Plan to Prevent and Combat deforestation in the Amazon. This policy, known by the acronyms PPCDAM, is based in these 3 axis: Land and territory use planning; monitoring and environmental control; and promotion of sustainable production activities. Its worth to mention that the Amazon Fund is additional to a series of national efforts in reducing deforestation. Projects supported by the Amazon Fund have to be connected to at least one of these axis of the National Strategic Plan, with an additional axis of Scientific and Technological Development, which is considered transversal to all.
- The second pillar is the Governance Structure. The dialogue with policy makers and civil society has been a decisive factor in the evolution of the Fund. The fund has a participatory governance structure, through a Guidance Committee that hosts representatives from the federal government, from the governments of the Amazonian states, from civil society and from the scientific community. This committee is responsible for setting the guidelines and priorities of resources’ application, based on deforestation dynamics and priorities to curb deforestation set by the public policies. The Brazilian development bank is the manager of the Fund. Our team is responsible for raising donations, analyzing and approving the projects applications for financial support, tracking and monitoring the implementation of the supported projects, and reporting the results and impacts achieved. Last, the Technical Committee is composed of leading specialists with renowned technical and scientific knowledge and has the mission of verifying carbon emissions avoided by reduced deforestation in the Amazon, and to attest the fundraising limit of the Fund, which has achieved US$19 billion up to 2014 certified results.
- Transparency is the third pillar of the Amazon Fund. We have a very comprehensive website, where stakeholders might find all sort of information about the Fund, including updated information about activities already implemented by the projects, portfolio reports, news bulletins. We also prepare Annual Reports, with a lot of information about results of the Fund. And the fund is submitted to the exam of certified public auditors, who issue reports on the financial information and of the compliance of the projects supported to the rules and regulations of the Fund, including the guidelines established by the Steering Committee. Those auditor reports are public and can also be found in our website.
- And now, our portfolio. Over the last six years, the Amazon Fund has provided support to 77 projects, in the total amount of aprox half billion USD. It is important to mention that those are projects already committed, and does not include the projects still under analysis by our team.
- Now I will share with you some highlights of the projects we support.
- Support for indigenous people is one of the priorities of the Amazon Fund. An important amount of US$ 44 million has already been committed to support indigenous populations plus an extra important budget will be destined to projects that has been selected in a call to submission that took place early this year and that aims to implement the indigenous territorial plans, an important step of the national policy designed to protect and support the indigenous peoples. Those projects involve activities related to planning and territorial control, environmental management, the development of sustainable production activities and protecting uncontacted people.
- This map is very interesting: in brown are all the indigenous lands in the Amazon region. As you can see, each color dot corresponds to a project supported, and we have so far supported projects in a significant number of indigenous lands. The expectation is that in the near future even more areas will be covered, as the map does not include the projects that are still under analysis.
- Under the Brazilian law, 80% of the area of each rural establishment in the Amazon must be protected. However, uncertainty regarding land titles in the Amazon is strongly related to deforestation. An important step for holding individuals accountable for illegal deforestation is to identify who owns or possesses the land. Although the Rural Environmental Registration, know as CAR, does not promote land title regularization, it associates individuals to territories; it is a key instrument to assist in the environmental regularization of rural properties and possessions. The Amazon Fund has a portfolio of 13 projects to support CAR, with approx US$ 100 million earmarked to establish this central policy of environmental governance.
- One of the challenges that we have faced these past years was how the resources may reach the ground and local institutions. The strategy that has been shown appropriate is the support to partner institutions, which have a more robust governance and articulation with local organizations, and also historical and solid presence in working with traditional communities. And through these partners we can reach local entrepreneurs and individuals that live in the forest.
- Although most part of the Amazon in within the Brazilian territory, the forest goes beyond our borders across other South American countries. Up to 20% of the the Amazon Fund resources may support the development of deforestation monitoring capacity of other Brazilian biomes and other tropical-forested countries. So this project has the objective to built the capacity in the other Pan Amazonian countries to monitor their forest cover.
- Talking about results
- The protected areas and the indigenous land are crucial to retain the deforestation pressure. The impact of the Amazon Fund support to these areas and the people that leaves in these territories are significant.
- The Amazon Fund has supported the strength of various institutions that leads important control activities to combat illegal actions, such as the Nationa Environmental Agency, the National Intelligence Force, among others. As a priority established by the Guidance Committee, a significant number of properties have already been enrolled in the Rural Registration System with the support of the Amazon Fund.
- Some of the results verified here are linked to the efforts to focus in activities that reach the ground. The traditional populations are also mobilized to monitor and report any deforestation and/or other illegal activities. Supporting projects that allow a sustainable management of the forest, and create employment and income alternatives to deforestation is crucial to the forest to worth more standing than cut down.
- Some results so far in this branch is the support to research in deforestation dynamics and mapping social technologies, as well as the improvement of deforestation monitoring systems of the National Institute for Space Research. A significant number of researchers are involved in these activities.
- In its first 6 years of operation, the Amazon Fund so far has succeeded to achieve very significant results, a journey with constant challenges and learning gains, where the dialogue with the public and civil society actors has been a decisive factor in the progress of the Fund. But combating deforestation also has to be aligned with simultaneously fostering more efficient use of the land so that rural economic growth also protects the environment. Actions with a territorial perspective are crucial to keep the positive results, it is not possible to consider the territory in a segmented way. It is necessary to understand the differences and how to integrate the positive actions that worked in an indigenous land, in a settlement, in a protected area. So I now leave the floor to our distinguish panelists, who will bring to you some of their experiences in protecting the Amazon with the participatory engagement of the traditional communities that live there.
- Thank you!
- Good morning, thank you Helmut. Warm thanks to the panelists that are joining us in this session, and also to this distinguish audience that has decided to be with us this morning in our discussion forum. I will briefly present the Amazon Fund, an initiative of the Brazilian government and society to support the implementation of actions to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation.