This document outlines the FracaFlow workflow for modeling fractured reservoirs. It involves characterizing fractures from static and dynamic data, building a discrete fracture network model consistent with the conceptual model, calibrating the model using well test and production data, and upscaling the fracture network to reservoir grid blocks for simulation. The goal is to generate a fractured reservoir model with a high level of confidence that accurately captures the geology and fluid behavior.

1. FracaFlow
Fracture Network Modeler
Andi Anriansyah
Géologies Support
anriansyah@opacbarata.co.id
Jakarta, Septembre 2nd 2010
@ Beicip-Franlab
232, avenue Napoléon Bonaparte
PB 213 - 92502 Rueil-Malmaison France
Phone: +33 1 47 08 80 00 Fax: + 33 1 47 08 41 85 - info@beicip.com – www.beicip.com

2. OUTLINE OVERVIEW
Introduction
FracaFlow Workflow
Fracture Characterization
Fracture Network Modeling
Model Calibration
Upscaling
Summary
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3. @ Beicip-Franlab
Introduction
Problematic & Importance of Fractured Reservoirs

4. Introduction: importance of fractured reservoirs
of carbonate reservoirs are fractured
of oil is reserved in fractured reservoirs
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5. Evidence of a Fractured Reservoir
Well test signature show double
porosity / flow barrier
Core permeability different from
well test permeability
Heterogeneous distribution of well
productivity / injectivity
Difficult history match with
conventional models
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Early water/gas breakthrough

6. Evidence of a Fractured Reservoir
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7. Fractured Reservoirs Challenges
Various structural objects: heterogeneity
joints – corridors – faults
Various scales:
well – cell size – reservoir scale
The properties to model are poorly observed
Objectives
Characterize fracture organisation
Locate fractured zone in the reservoir
Generate a fracture model that can be used in flow simulations
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8. Different types of Fractures
Fractured reservoir in Morocco Fractured reservoir in Algeria
2m
Joint sets with homogeneous Fracture swarms
fracture density: (corridors/sub-seismic faults):
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diffuse small-scale fracturing discrete large-scale fracturing
Date Presentation Title 8 / 000

9. FracaFlow
Kz
Ky
c
Kx
a b
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10. @ Beicip-Franlab
FracaFlow Workflow
Date Presentation Title 10 / 000

11. General Workflow
Conceptual model DFN model
(Discrete fracture model)
? Locally connected fractures
Lo g-Lo g plot
Regional diffuse fractures
Static & dynamic calibration
HOW TO MODEL
FRACTURED
RESERVOIRS ?
1 2 Fracture Up-scaling
Transient well tests
Core data
Outcrops
Equivalent parameters
(Kfx, Kfy, Kfz, a, b, c, φf)
3
Flowmeter
Seismic attributes
Image Logs
analysis
Mud Losses
Full field simulation
Production data
Drilling reports,
Pressure data,
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Geomechanical
Wireline Logs Tracer tests, etc
analysis
Well data Inter-well data 4
Dynamic analysis
Static analysis
Simulation grid Block

12. @ Beicip-Franlab
Fracture Reservoir Characterization
Dynamic Data Analysis & Static Data Analysis

13. Fracture Reservoir Characterization
Dynamic Data Analysis
Mud Loss Analysis
Production Data Analysis
Productivity Index Analysis
Permeability Analysis
Flowmeter Analysis
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14. Fracture Reservoir Characterization
Dynamic Data Analysis
Mud Loss Analysis
Production Data Analysis
Productivity Index Analysis
Permeability Analysis
Flowmeter Analysis
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15. Fracture Reservoir Characterization
Dynamic Data Analysis
Mud Loss Analysis
Production Data Analysis
Productivity Index Analysis
Permeability Analysis
Flowmeter Analysis
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16. Fracture Reservoir Characterization
Dynamic Data Analysis
Mud Loss Analysis
Production Data Analysis
Productivity Index Analysis
Permeability Analysis
Flowmeter Analysis
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17. Fracture Reservoir Characterization
Static Data Analysis
Structural Analysis
Fault Analysis
Fracture Analysis
Fracture density log computation
Fracture driver computation
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18. Fracture Reservoir Characterization
Static Data Analysis
Structural Analysis
Fault Analysis
Fracture Analysis
Fracture density log computation
Fracture driver computation
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19. Fracture Reservoir Characterization
Static Data Analysis
Structural Analysis
Fault Analysis
Fracture Analysis
Fracture density log computation
Fracture driver computation
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20. Fracture Reservoir Characterization
Static Data Analysis
Structural Analysis
Fault Analysis
Fracture Analysis
Fracture density log computation
Fracture driver computation
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21. Fracture Reservoir Characterization
Static Data Analysis
Structural Analysis
Fault Analysis
Fracture Analysis
Fracture density log computation
Fracture driver computation
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22. Fracture Reservoir Characterization
Static Data Analysis
Structural Analysis
Fault Analysis
Fracture Analysis
Fracture density log computation
Fracture driver computation
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23. Fracture Network Characterization
Fractures cluster in a Well
All Wells Analyses Example Orientation: N030, dip80°E
Fracture types and density:
• Diffuse fractures
• Cluster of fractures
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Per Well Analyses

24. @ Beicip-Franlab
Fracture Network Modeling
Build the fracture network consistant with your conceptual model
Date Presentation Title 24 / 000

25. Fracture Network Modeling
Deterministic
Full-Field Discrete Fracture
Network
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26. Fracture Network Modeling
For Each Fracture set:
Statistical orientation
Statistical size
Statistical aperture
Statistical conductivity
Statistical Spatial distribution
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27. Fracture Network Modeling
For Each Fracture set:
Statistical orientation
Statistical size
Statistical aperture
Statistical conductivity
Statistical Spatial distribution
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28. Fracture Network Modeling
For Each Fracture set:
Statistical orientation
Statistical size
Statistical aperture
Statistical conductivity
Statistical Spatial distribution
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29. Fracture Network Modeling
For Each Fracture set:
Statistical orientation
Statistical size
Statistical aperture
Statistical conductivity
Statistical Spatial distribution
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30. Fracture Network Modeling
For Each Fracture set:
Statistical orientation
Statistical size
Statistical aperture
Statistical conductivity
Statistical Spatial distribution
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31. Fracture Modeling
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32. @ Beicip-Franlab
Model Calibration
Adjust uncertain parameters

33. Model Calibration
Automated KH Calibration
Automated Dynamic Calibration
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34. Model Calibration
Assisted KH Matching Flowmeter Simulation
Assisted DFN Simplification Well Test Simulation
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35. Model Calibration
[psia]
[Mscf/D]
Log-Log plot History plot
Integration of dynamic data to attempt for calibration of the DFN
• Well test signature for pressure buildup
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• Flowmeter for the permeability/conductivity of the fractures

36. @ Beicip-Franlab
Upscaling
Date Presentation Title 36 / 000

37. Fracture Network equivalent parameters
Analytical
FlowBased
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38. Upscalling at Reservoir Grid Scale (1)
Exemple of fracture equiv.
Permeability in An Area
From DFN to Grid:
• Upscalling creates a grid of
fracture attributes:
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Permeability, porosity, etc…
for the Reservoir Simulation

39. Summary
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40. Summary
Openness to other applications
Accurate and realistic geological model with high level of
confidence
Fracture Data Analysis involving static and dynamic data,
give their characteristic and the relation between them
Fracture modeling give better geometry, characteristic and
fluid behavior fractured reservoir model
Dynamic Calibration adjusting characteristic and fractured
reservoir model
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41. @ Beicip-Franlab