The document is a zoology laboratory guide outlining key features and characteristics of various animal phyla, particularly focusing on sponges (Porifera). It describes the anatomy, symmetry, and types of sponge bodies, including asconoid, syconoid, and leuconoid structures. The guide also highlights specific sponge genera, their habitats, and structural components.

1. Zoology laboratory guide
Dr. Afagh Bapirzadeh
First semester 1402
Rat dissection view
fish dissection view
frog dissection view
mollusca
porifera
protozoa
cnidaria
Platyhelminthes

2. Main kingdoms of life

3. Domain: Eukarya Kingdom : Animalia
Phylum: Porifera

4. Porifera main
features
They are
aquatic, mostly
marine and few
are freshwater
inhabitants
They are either
asymmetrical or
radially
symmetrical
They are
multicellular
organisms
They have a
broad opening at
their apex called
oscula
The outer
epithelial layer
of their body is
called
pinacoderm
The inner
epithelial layer of
their body is
called
choanoderm
Their body
skeleton has
siliceous spicules
or collagenous
fibers

5. Symmetry Comparison

6. Sponges Canal System
Leucosolenia Sycon Spongilla

7. It’s a branched
colony
With ascon type body
Horizontal tubes
have adhesive discs
which help them
attach to substratum
Its body is covered
with numerous pores
Its asconoid sponge
& is soft white
,tubular.
The vertical tubes are
unbranched and are
2.5 cm in height
Consists of
horizontal & vertical
tubes
Leucosolenia

8. Sycon
They attach
to shells and
rocks
They are
genus
calcareous
sponge
They are
small and
only grow till
7.5 cm
Their walls
are thin and
with sycon
type body
They have 2
types of
canals
They are
tube shaped
and white to
cream in
color

9. Spongill
a
Genus of
freshwater
sponge
Found in lakes
,ponds and slow
streams
skeleton
composed of
siliceous
spicules
They are
sessile
organism
Sponges
are hermaphro
dites
Their walls are
thick
With ostia and
osculum filter
the water
It has leucon
type body