The document outlines the fundamental elements of games, including players, objectives, procedures, rules, resources, and the conflict that arises within the game environment. It discusses various types of player interactions and competition, as well as the mechanisms that determine outcomes and objectives. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of defining the game's setting, challenges, and the criteria for winning or losing.

2. Formal Game Elements
 The Player
 Objectives
 Procedures
 Rules
 Resources
 Conflict
 Boundaries
 Outcome

3.  There is no game without the PLAYER!
› What are the roles?
› What are their relationships?
› Multi-player or solo?
 Roles
› Every player is equal
› One special role vs. all others
› Every player is different

4.  Single vs. game
 Multiple players vs. game
 Player vs. player
 Unilateral competition (multi vs. one)
 Multilateral comp. (multi vs. each other)
 Cooperative play
 Team cooperation

20.  The main point

21.  The main point
 Tone of the game

22.  The main point
 Tone of the game
 Genre specific objectives

23.  The main point
 Tone of the game
 Genre specific objectives
 Multiple objectives

24.  The main point
 Tone of the game
 Genre specific objectives
 Multiple objectives
 Obvious objectives

25.  The main point
 Tone of the game
 Genre specific objectives
 Multiple objectives
 Obvious objectives
 Determined by the player

26.  The main point
 Tone of the game
 Genre specific objectives
 Multiple objectives
 Obvious objectives
 Determined by the player
 Your favorite game’s objectives

28.  Method of play

29.  Method of play
 Not the rules

30.  Method of play
 Not the rules
 Who, what, where, when, and how

31.  Method of play
 Not the rules
 Who, what, where, when, and how
 Starting Action

32.  Method of play
 Not the rules
 Who, what, where, when, and how
 Starting Action
 Progression of Action

33.  Method of play
 Not the rules
 Who, what, where, when, and how
 Starting Action
 Progression of Action
 Special Actions

34.  Method of play
 Not the rules
 Who, what, where, when, and how
 Starting Action
 Progression of Action
 Special Actions
 Resolving Actions

35.  Method of play
 Not the rules
 Who, what, where, when, and how
 Starting Action
 Progression of Action
 Special Actions
 Resolving Actions
 Defining the game “environment”

37.  Define objects and concepts

38.  Define objects and concepts
 Restrict action

39.  Define objects and concepts
 Restrict action
 Determine outcome

40.  Define objects and concepts
 Restrict action
 Determine outcome
 Need to be easy to remember

41.  Define objects and concepts
 Restrict action
 Determine outcome
 Need to be easy to remember
 Need to be relevant

43.  Lives

44.  Lives
 Units

45.  Lives
 Units
 Health

46.  Lives
 Units
 Health
 Currency

47.  Lives
 Units
 Health
 Currency
 Actions

48.  Lives
 Units
 Health
 Currency
 Actions
 Objects/inventory

49.  Lives
 Units
 Health
 Currency
 Actions
 Objects/inventory
 Terrain/environment

50.  Lives
 Units
 Health
 Currency
 Actions
 Objects/inventory
 Terrain/environment
 Time!

52.  Obstacles

53.  Obstacles
 Opponents

54.  Obstacles
 Opponents
 Dilemmas

56.  Similar to rules and conflicts

57.  Similar to rules and conflicts
 Guide the action

58.  Similar to rules and conflicts
 Guide the action
 Make the game play challenging

59.  Similar to rules and conflicts
 Guide the action
 Make the game play challenging
 Separates the game from what is NOT the
game

60.  Similar to rules and conflicts
 Guide the action
 Make the game play challenging
 Separates the game from what is NOT the
game
 Also define the game environment

62.  Every system has an outcome

63.  Every system has an outcome
 A game system produces
Win or Lose

64.  Every system has an outcome
 A game system produces
Win or Lose
 What is the win/lose criteria?

65.  Every system has an outcome
 A game system produces
Win or Lose
 What is the win/lose criteria?
 Is there always a winner?

66.  Every system has an outcome
 A game system produces
Win or Lose
 What is the win/lose criteria?
 Is there always a winner?
 What about ranking?

67.  Every system has an outcome
 A game system produces
Win or Lose
 What is the win/lose criteria?
 Is there always a winner?
 What about ranking?
 Which is more satisfying?

68.  Every system has an outcome
 A game system produces
Win or Lose
 What is the win/lose criteria?
 Is there always a winner?
 What about ranking?
 Which is more satisfying?
 What games have no outcome?