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Ao1 presentation
- 1. Unit 30 –Design for Games AO1 Understanding Aspects of Game Design
- 2. AO1 asks youto demonstrate your understanding of the fundamentals of Game Design. You are going to do this by analysing traditional games and video games. You need to be writing about:- Core Mechanics Interactivity Storytelling and Narrative Audio-Visual Components What do these things mean?
- 3. Core Mechanics The fundamentalstructures, practices and rules that allow you to get on with playing the game. ●Luck ●Strategy and Skill ●Diplomacy ●Resource Management ●Territory Control
- 4. Core Mechanics -Luck ● Random occurrence – often a planned random occurrence ● Traditional game – the roll of a dice or the turn of a card ● Videogame – a 'virtual' dice roll – does the creature appear? Does the shot hit you?
- 5. Luck – TraditionalGames Poker ● What cards are you and your opponents dealt? ● What cards are dealt Some traditional in the flop, turn games involve and river? nothing but luck – Snakes and ● How do your Ladders is all opponents react? about the dice.
- 6. Core Mechanics -Skill and Strategy ● Planning and planned occurrences. ● Based on your knowledge and understanding of the game and the playing contexts ● Reading and understanding your opponent ● Planning for the short, medium and long term in the game
- 7. Skill and Stragegy– Traditional Games ● When to play and when to fold ● When to raise, how much to bet ● Knowing the odds for your hand and what you need ● Knowing and understanding likely odds on opponents hands ● Reading bluffs ● Bluffing
- 8. Core Mechanics -Diplomacy ● Player interaction ● Cooperation, colaboration and competition ● Short term and long term diplomacy ● 'Capture' games – Sorry or Frustration ● Role Playing Games
- 9. Diplomacy – TraditionalGames Poker ● Cooperation – Building a pot ● Collaboration – eliminating players ● Competition – raising, bluffing and betting against opponents
- 10. Core Mechanics –Resource Management ● Different 'assets' for different players and characters ● Use now or save for later? ● High value assets ● Money, or the things money can buy? ● Attack or defence? ● Knowledge of the game leads to informed choices
- 11. Resource Management –Traditional Games Poker ● Using your chips ● When to punt on a chance ● When to go with a raise and when to raise ● Draw Poker – keeping or exchanging cards
- 12. Core Mechanics –Territory Control ● Controlling game space ● Defensive lines – defending key spaces, players or pieces ● Games about territory control – Risk, Diplomacy ● Wargames
- 13. Territory Control –Traditional Games Chess ● Offensive and defensive lines ● Protecting the back rank ● Protecting the king ● Protecting high value pieces ● Balancing offense and defence. ● Using familiar patterns.
- 14. AO1 Task 1 Usingthe following subheadings, analyse the Core Mechanics of:- a) A traditional game and b) A video game * Luck * Strategy and Skill * Diplomacy * Resource Management * Territory Control You can use different games to illustrate different concepts – you don't have to stick to one traditional game and one video game for all of them
- 15. Interactivity Interactive texts donot follow a linear course but are shaped by your decisions and actions. You decide where the text goes – within certain limits.
- 16. Interactivity – TraditionalGames Some traditional games are models for interactive video games ● 'Choose your own adventure' books ● Territory games like 'Carcassonne'
- 17. Interactivity – VideoGames Videogames now are fundamentally interactive – your decisions and actions shape the future course of the game ● SIMS – when does 'interactivity' become 'creation' ● How interactive were early video games?
- 18. AO1 Task 2 Analysewith specific examples the uses and effects of Interactivity i) In a traditional game and ii) In a video game
- 19. Storytelling and Narrative Youneed to demonstrate your understanding of a wide range of aspects of narrative in a game... ●Three Act Structure ●Plot ● Point of View - 1st Person -v- 3rd Person ●Setting (in time and place) ●Linear Narrative -v- Disrupted Narrative ●Characters – Stereotypes and Archetypes ●Representations, messages and values, themes
- 20. The Three ActStructure Situation / Complication / Resolution Introduction / Crisis / Resolution Act 1 – Introduction – The farmer lives a peaceful life Act 2 – Crisis – The family and farm are destroyed by bad guys Act 3 – Resolution – The farmer gains vengeance on the bad guys
- 21. More on ThreeAct Structure Each Act will also have 'acts' or 'scenes' within it following similar structures. So – end of Act 2 might be... Situation – The farmer has no fighting skills Crisis – He is tutored by a Martial Arts expert Resolution – He becomes a Kung Fu master ready to whup some bad guys.
- 22. Point of View This can literally mean the view we have of the game – through one character's eyes. Obvious example – a First Person Shooter It also means which character we follow. Doesn't have to be a first person view, there can still be a viewpoint character. Traditional games – Chess or Draughts– black or white- you only see the board from your side. 'Cat and Mouse' board games – one is trying to escape, one to capture – very different perspectives on the game.
- 23. Setting (in timeand space) How 'real' is the world of the game compared to our world? How do we learn its rules? – anything can happen (flying in Second Life, for example) as long as the game is internally consistent What signs show us when and where we are? Why are so many fantasy games set in the past?
- 24. Linear Narrative -v-Disrupted Narrative Is there one route through the game that you have to take (Simple board games have one track you go round. Race games take you around one track at a time) or can things happen in any different order and still get you to the end (Sandbox games).
- 25. Characters: Archetypes andStereotypes Archetype – the model example of a particular type of person – the original. Video games are often built around mythic structures using archetypes. Stereotype – A personality type observed repeatedly and summed up in an individual – an oversimplification of what a 'type' of person is like Heroes and villains – helpers and messengers – experts and teachers...
- 26. Representations What is your game about? What does it have to say about the world? (This world, not the world of the game) What ideas does it have about good and evil? About gender or race? About leadership?
- 27. AO1 Task 3 Usingthe headings in Aspects of Narrative, analyse how narrative and storytelling work in i) a traditional game and ii) a video game
- 28. Audio Visual Elements Traditional games still work on being audio- visually and visually interesting. Black and White in Chess/Draughts Visual design of board games Audio suspense from the noise of shaking and rolling dice Audio stimulus in Crossfire and Kerplunk
- 29. Audio Visuals intraditional games ● The traditional look of the table – green baize, traditional cards ● The sound of cards shuffling and being turned ● The look of players bluffing
- 30. Audio Visuals inVideo Games ● Simple visuals in early video games – Pong – Space Invaders ● Developments in displays – Defender – Elite ● Hardware/Software development and improved AV
- 31. AO1 Task 4 i) Analyse the Audio Visual appeal of a traditional game ii) Analyse the developing Audio Visual appeal of one game or one game genre as it has developed through successive generations of hardware and/or software
- 32. Assessment Allof the above work is required to complete AO1. Pass – Limited and superficial understanding Merit – Broad and sound understanding Distinction – Comprehensive and detailed understanding These tasks are designed so that if you complete them in full you should be working to Distinction.
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