This document summarizes the rules for forming formal commands (affirmative and negative) in Spanish. It explains that formal commands start with the yo form of the verb and drop the -o, then add opposite personal endings. It provides examples of regular verb conjugations and irregular verbs like ir, ser, saber, estar, and dar. It also notes spelling changes for verbs ending in -car, -gar, and -zar and stem-changing verbs like dormir and morir.

1. Los mandatos formales
Formal Commands

2. Regular Formal commands
(affirmative AND negative)
1. Start with the yo
form of the verb
2. Drop the
O.
3. Then put on the
opposite personal ending.
(Ud./Uds./Nosotros)

3. Formal Commands (+/-)
-ar verbs -er/-ir verbs
Ud.
Nosotros
Uds.
E A
EMOS
EN
corr
AMOS
AN
habl
habl
habl
corr
corr

4. -car, -gar, -zar verbs
Verbs that end in –car will have a spelling
change in which the changes to
C QU
Verbs that end in –gar will have a spelling
change in which the changes to
G GU
Verbs that end in –zar will have a spelling
change in which the changes to
Z C

5. “IR” Stem-changers
(O-U Burrito Verbs)
DORMIR MORIR
Ud. (no) duerma Ud (no) muera
Uds. (no) duerman Uds (no) mueran
Nosotros (no) durmamos Nosotros (no) muramos

6. Irregulares
Ir Ud. Uds. Nosotros
VAYA VAYAN VAMOS NO VAYAMOS!
SerUd. Uds. Nostros
SEA SEAN SEAMOS
SaberUd. Uds. Nosotros
SEPA SEPAN SEPAMOS
EstarUd. Uds. Nosotros
ESTÉ ESTÉN ESTEMOS
Dar Ud. Uds. Nosotros
DÉ DEN DEMOS