The document provides information about a library workshop on information literacy for forensic science students. It discusses finding and evaluating scientific literature, using databases like Web of Science and reference management tools like RefWorks. It also covers ethical research practices such as avoiding plagiarism and properly citing sources. The workshop aims to help students search for relevant information and incorporate it into their work in an ethical manner.
1. Information Literacy
Forensic Science - Between Crime Scene and Research
Kasper M. Abcouwer
k.m.abcouwer@uva.nl
Master Forensic Science
September 18th & 19th 2013
2. Introduction
Forensic Science, Information Literacy 2
What do we do:
Provide students and staff with
scientific literature
Give courses and help with searching
and evaluating
Bibliometric analysis
Manage library / student space
Opening hours:
Mon - Fri 7.30 - 22.00
Sat 10.00 - 18.00
3. Student Facilities of the Library
Student Collaboration Spaces (Groepswerkplekken)
Study room locations
Inter Library Loan
RefWorks
Help (UBAcoach)
Forensic Science, Information Literacy 3
4. Forensic Science, Information Literacy 4Forensic Science Information Literacy 4
Stand on the shoulders of Giants
“If I have seen a little further it is by
ing “
Isaac Newton 1676
Letter to Robert Hook
5. Why should you read literature?
Avoid repeating research
A persuasive approach to your problem realized by:
* Avoiding beginner mistakes
* Using standard terminology
* Compare your contribution with related research
Forensic Science, Information Literacy 5
Why you shouldn’t:
Why you should:
By reading literature you may follow familiar paths and
directions and unconsciously shut paths you might
otherwise have had followed.
6. You can’t read everything
Forensic Science, Information Literacy 6
“It is estimated that the
scientific literature
increases by 2000
pages every minute and
that it would take five
years for anyone to read
the new scientific
literature produced each
day.”
From: Arthur M. Lesk
Introduction to Bioinformatics,
2008
7. Forensic Science, Information Literacy 7
FROM: Buringh, Eltjo; van Zanden, Jan Luiten: "Charting the “Rise of the West”: Manuscripts and Printed Books in Europe,
A Long-Term Perspective from the Sixth through Eighteenth Centuries", The Journal of Economic History, Vol. 69, No. 2 (2009), pp. 409–445
13. Forensic Science, Information Literacy 13
impact factor 2012
Citations in 2012 to articles published 2010 en 2011
IF = ---------------------------------------------------------
Articles published in 2010 en 2011
Impact factor is not a measure of quality
Discipline specific
IF = journal impact
Database specific
15. Network analysis of publication @ UvA -IBED
Forensic Science, Information Literacy 15
16. Forensic Science, Information Literacy 16
Sources: peer-reviewed
Monographs / text books
For study and background
Complete treatment of subject
Scientific publishing ensures quality
Cite a textbook? Indicate chapter and / or page (s)
Journal article
A higher level, more detailed and more solid than conference report
Sometimes old news at the time of publication (delay)
Paper in book by editors
Several papers, state-of-the-art overview
Individual papers are cited
Paper in conference proceedings
recent results
Quality conference, publisher of the proceedings?
Not always peer-reviewed 16
17. Forensic Science, Information Literacy 17
Sources: not peer-reviewd
Working papers, preprints
Up-to-date, dissemination of ideas
“Open access”
http://arxiv.org
Websites
Very useful to blatant nonsense
Evaluate reliability
When citing mention when visited
Personal communication
Cite as „personal communication‟
17
18. Forensic Science, Information Literacy 18
Deep Web
18
Visible web
Invisible Web
Deep Web
Publications available through
Internet Search engines
Publications available
Through Reference
databases
Taken from:
Literaturrecherche im Biologiestudium
Technische Universtität Darmstadt
22. Forensic Science, Information Literacy 22
How to evaluate found information
What ideas, techniques and quotes can you use from the article?
Is it clear who the author is and what do you know about his reputation?
Can the article make a direct and meaningful contribution to your paper?
How important is the article in its field?
Is the article up to date, still relevant in the field?
Adds the article something new to your paper?
Are the references in the article good used and is it presented logically?
Is the article based on facts, logical reasoning, speculation or opinion?
Are the conclusions in accordance with the facts and arguments?
Is the article biased or balanced?
bron: Author's experience, Dawson (2000)
24. Forensic Science, Information Literacy 24
Forensic science
Andrew R.W. Jackson and
Julie M. Jackson.
ForensicNetBase
25. Thousands of electronic journals
The UvA provides access to the main FS journals
If not digital available than in print or by ILL
Forensic Science, Information Literacy 25
27. Krantenbank / Newspapers
LexisNexis
National / international
Multi language
All main newspapers
Search for: “Lucy de B”
Forensic Science, Information Literacy 27
28. Wide scope of main (reference) databases
Forensic Science, Information Literacy 28
30. Web of Science & Google Scholar
Scientific articles
Multidisciplinary
Web based
Known item & subject search
Related articles
Citations
Export References
UvA-linker
31. Web of Science Google Scholar
Far back in time
content known
JCR
Humanities
Search options
Sorting and processing
number of items
Multi country and language
Many document types
available for free
+
32. Web of Science Google Scholar
limited coverage
paid access
Search funct. limited
Sort limited
Non scientific sources
labor-intensive
contents unclear
Ranking unclear
-
40. Refworks and Scientific misconduct
Forensic Science, Information Literacy 40
Make life easier: use reference software
Different forms of scientific misconduct
What is plagiarism ?
Plagiarism game, win the chocolate bar!
41. Forensic Science, Information Literacy 4141
Save your data in the cloud
URL: http://www.refworks.com/refworks
Online reference manager
Registration:
Within UvA domain: automatic recognition
Outside ip-range: Groep Code
Import references
Cite while you write
Create bibliography
Export references (i.e. BibTex)
42. Forensic Science, Information Literacy 42
Different forms of scientific misconduct
Fabrication
Falsification
Plagiarism
Self-plagiarism
Violation of ethical standards
Ghostwriting
43. There are three basic forms of plagiarism:
1 Quoting
(Quoting someone else word for word but not crediting them as the source.)
2 Paraphrasing
(if you do not quote the person verbatim but instead just change a few words and
do not give credit, you have committed plagiarism. )
3 stealing ideas
(Using the ideas of another without acknowledging their source)
Source: http://www.usm.maine.edu/~kuzma/Ideologies/Plagerism.html
45. A Forensic Science student uses in his thesis a section in which he changes all
sentences a little, without sources. Is this allowed?
A student uses in his essay a paragraph from Google which says just what he was
trying to say. He provides no references and submits it as his own work. Is this
allowed?
A student tries to include as many scholarly books and journals as he can find. He
puts them in quotation marks but forgot where they came from. He decides not to
include a reference list. Allowed?
A PhD student copies from a conference poster a method to calculate the statistics
of his experiments. In his thesis he describes the method completely in his own
words without acknowledging the source, because the method has not been
published yet. Allowed?
Is it allowed to republish the work of Jan Slauerhoff without permission?
(Slauerhoff is a Dutch poet and novelist and lived from 1898 - 1936)
46. Forensic Science, Information Literacy 46
A student uses a picture from a site of a large crime laboratory for here report on
fingerprinting, with acknowledgment of sources, but without permission. Is this
allowed?
A student uses for his third year bachelor thesis 5 lines of text from a book,
literally, with acknowledgment of sources and without permission. Is this allowed?
A group of students works on a very difficult programming assignment. They agree
on an algorithm to accomplish the programming task, and each submits this
algorithm as his/her own work. Is this allowed?
A first-year student finds essay-writing difficult and has developed a style in which
she quotes from a text (using proper referencing) and then rewrites the quotation
in her own words in the next paragraph as a kind of summary. Is this allowed?
A student turns in an old report from a friend (with his permission) under her own
name, without mentioning the source. Is this allowed?
49. Forensic Science, Information Literacy 49
Understand the
question
Organise your
thoughts
Identify
perspective
Identify suitable
databases
Search
Refine & review
your Search
Limit and
combine
keywords
Access full text
Keep records
Produce
bibliography
Write up
findings
Present findings
Source: Literature search tips
University of Central Lancashire
50. Organise your thoughts
Identify keywords and search terms from your essay
question or assignment topic. Use books or articles
and other reference sources in the subject area to
refine and increase your keywords. Identify key
areas or phrases.
Mindmap
Facet table
Example Question - How may complementary
therapies be used to combat pain?
Forensic Science, Information Literacy 50
Source: Literature search tips
University of Central Lancashire
51. Mind Map
Forensic Science, Information Literacy 51
Source: Literature search tips
University of Central Lancashire
52. Facet table
Forensic Science, Information Literacy 52
Source: Literature search tips
University of Central Lancashire
53. Best Practice
Record for each article a few words about:
Problem
hypothesis
Theory and assumptions
research methods
Collection of data, tools / procedures
Interpretation of the data
Conclusions / suggestions for further research
Forensic Science, Information Literacy 53
Bibliometric analysis For acquisition and management purposes
Oasis album (2000)Cedalion Standing on the Shoulders of OrionIn Greek mythology, Cedalion or Kedalion (Classical Greek Κηδαλίων) was a servant of Hephaestus in Lemnos. According to one tradition, he was Hephaestus's tutor, with whom Hera fostered her son on Naxos to teach him smithcraft.[1] Kerenyi compares him to the Cabeiri, to Chiron, and to Prometheus.[2]The more common story of Cedalion tells of his part in the healing of Orion, who came to Lemnos after he was blinded by Oenopion. Orion took up Cedalion[3] and set the youth upon his shoulders[4] for a guide to the East.[5] There the rays of Helios restored Orion's sight.
Ontdek welke kennis er al bestaat over je onderwerpAfbakenen van je onderwerp en verscherpen van de focus van de onderzoeksvraagOnderbouwing van de noodzaak van je onderwerpVoorkoming van herhaling van werkHet onderwerp binnen een context plaatsen door het bespreken en kritisch evalueren van vroeger en huidig onderzoekAndere onderzoekers een beginpunt bieden van waaruit zij kunnen begrijpen hoe je project evolueerdeAanbevelingen “ontdekken” voor verder onderzoek
Information and Knowledge explosion
The scientific output of both VU and UvA are comparable in volume. The output has doubled in the 2000-2012 period. The joint publications have quadrupled in the 2000 - 2012 period.
CleaKoff is a British-born American forensic anthropologist and author who worked several years for the United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR; 2 missions) and the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (5 missions) in Rwanda, Bosnia, Croatia, Serbia, and in 2000 in Kosovo.
Is it relevant to my research? interesting, but does it help Is the study significant?contributions clearly defined focus, research question? Strengths and weaknesses study’s components? Adequate data, sample size, limitations, conceptualization of the concepts, etctheories, methods used? ARE THEY RELEVANT TO YOUR RESEARCH? other perspectives that apply? Other methods that could be use Different theoretical approachesIs the research/researcher biased by emotions or public opinion?language = emotionsWho is target audience?Public, academic peers, policy makers?Might influence the way the data and results are presentedThere may be others that show a different perspectivesAND FINALLY…………
Aalders in Het Parool
Weegschaal = opmaat SDU law database
WoS en GS zijn referentie databases voor wetenschappelijke artikelen.Zijn zijn niet bepert tot een vakgebied maar multidisciplinair.Naast WoS en GS zijn er ook Microsoft academic search, CiteSeer, Scirus & Scopus
Mattheuw effect
objective color classification xtc tablets
Thu saw rusKeywords grouped together according to similarity of meaningHelps you finding words by which your idea may be most fitly expressed
Das experiment (2001 German thriller) and The experiment (2010) Stanford Prison experiment Philip ZimbardoFabrication is making up results and recording or reporting them. This is sometimes referred to as "drylabbing".[10] A more minor form of fabrication is where references are included to give arguments the appearance of widespread acceptance, but are actually fake, and/or do not support the argument.[11]Falsification is manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes or changing or omitting data or results such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record.Plagiarism is the appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit.Self-plagiarism – or multiple publication of the same content with different titles and/or in different journals is sometimes also considered misconduct The violation of ethical standards such as the standard that a human subject of the experiment must give informed consent to the experimentGhostwriting the phenomenon where someone other than the named author(s) makes a major contribution