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Food resources gateway 1 lesson 2 flipped classroom sec 4 express only
This document discusses changing food preferences and consumption patterns between developed and developing countries. As income rises in developing countries, diets shift away from staple cereals towards more meat and dairy. Developed countries see a decline in red meat consumption and rise in fruits and vegetables due to health concerns. Food choices are influenced by economic, sociocultural and political factors like income, prices, traditions, migration and government policies around food supply stability and safety.
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Food resources gateway 1 lesson 2 flipped classroom sec 4 express only
- 1. CBSS Humanities Flip ClassroomPackage Lesson 2 This lesson must be completed by Term 2 week 6 2016 Pure Geog
- 2. Changing food preferences •The choice of one food type over another. • Diet changes pushed mainly by income fluctuations. • Increase in income per capita leads to rises in demand for meat protein. • Key benchmark food groups are: –Cereals –Meat –Fruits and Vegetables
- 3. Cereals • Up to50% of global calorie intake. • Common cereals in Asia are Rice and Wheat • With increased income, more rice is replaced by wheat (noodles and bread). • With further increases in income, cereal consumption falls – simultaneous higher demand for meat. • Obvious in Japan, China and South Korea.
- 5. Meat • Domesticated animalslike cows, pigs, sheep or chickens. • Meat and dairy products provide protein. • Increase in income bring increase in meat consumption. • Type of meat consumed varies based on cultural preferences. • Egg consumption tends to be the 1st observable increase.
- 7. Meat (cont’) • Inhighly developed countries, the trend is a reduction in red meat consumption. • Health push for less red meat –Obesity and heart disease. • Overall global meat consumption is still rapidly rising.
- 8. Fruits and vegetables •Overall increase in consumption in both LDC and DC. • Different reasons for increase in each group. • LDCs consume more due to higher income. • DCs consume more due to the focus on health and perceived benefits of more fruit and vegetables in the diet.
- 10. Differing food consumptionpatterns between DCs and LDCs. • Economic Factors – Disposable income – Pricing • Socio-cultural Factors – Religious beliefs – Food preferences – Migration – Population Growth • Political Factors – Food supply stability – Food Safety
- 11. Economic Factor 1 •Disposable income –Amount of income left after taxes paid. –Increasing in both DCs and LDCs. –In DCs, an increase of US $1 in disposable income triggers a 20% of the increase is spent on food. –In LDCs, an increase of US $1 in disposable income triggers a 60% of the increase is spent on food.
- 12. • With increasein disposable income, food consumption variety and amount increases. • Among lower income groups, increase will trigger a switch from cereals to meat. • Among higher income groups, increase triggers a move to better quality food. – Move for healthier food types (organic food, olive oil)
- 13. Economic Factor 2 •Pricing – Poor (LDCs) are affected more by food prices than the rich (DCs). – Food Price Crisis in 2006-2008 saw populations in LDCs suffering. – Unable to afford staple food, fall into chronic hunger and poverty. – DCs have options to switch to less costly alternatives, LDCs do not and lead to riots instead.
- 14. 2006-2008 Food PriceCrisis Causes • Bad weather leading to crop failure • Increase use of farmland for non-food crops – biofuel crops. • Rising energy prices – increased transport costs • Trade restrictions & Governmental price control
- 15. 2006-2008 Food PriceCrisis Result • Panic Buying & speculative trading • LDCs –Larger part of disposable income spent on food –Less spent on non-staple food items –Food riots and protests as citizens are unable to afford food.
- 16. 2006-2008 Food PriceCrisis Result • DCs –Significant increase in food prices –People select less expensive options.
- 17. Sociocultural Factors 1. Religiousbeliefs 2. Food preferences 3. Migration 4. Population growth 5. Changing diets
- 18. Religious beliefs • Religiousrequirements for food consumption patterns.
- 19. Food Preferences • FastFood – Meals that are prepared easily in advance. – Convenience for populations living in DCs. – Meals that are made for fast consumption and to be readily packed for take away. • McDonalds, KFC, Domino’s, etc…. – More people in DCs are moving away from fast food with more awareness of possible health risks.
- 20. Organic Food • Healthconcerns increasingly altering the food preferences of people in DCs. • Move towards organic foods (within income means) – Organic food – food grown without the use of artificial inputs, chemical fertilizers or growth hormones. Refer to Figure 220b Pg 104
- 21. Migration • Migrants bringnew food to places. • Demand for new food products due to change in food preferences. • Indian migrants to UK bring curry and it has entrenched itself into the local culture.
- 22. Population growth • Populationhas increased exponentially in the past 1000 years. • Increased humans lead to more need for food. • Population growth rates are higher in LDCs than DCs. • There is a greater demand for food in the LDCs than the DCs.
- 23. Changing Diet • Dietsof people DCs and LDCs will constantly change. • Globalisation and migration leads to increase exposure and fusion. • Traditional rice-eating societies will move to more ‘western’ cereal sources – wheat (bread, cakes and pastries).
- 24. Political Factors 1.Stability offood supply 2.Food Safety
- 25. Stability of foodsupply • Safe and nutritious food is available to all people at all times. • Food supply can be unsafe due to external threats. • Governments take proactive steps to reduce food supply instability. – Increase domestic production – Diversity food source origin
- 26. Civil War outbreak •Libya during 2011’s civil war, food reserves were rapidly depleted. • Cities and areas in the fight suffered food shortages. • Safety concerns restricted people from venturing out to find/buy food.
- 27. Natural Disasters • Zimbabwesuffered severe drought in 2008. • Widespread crop failure and food shortage. • Rural areas were most affected due to poverty and dependence on local food source.
- 28. Case-study Pg107 • Pleaseread the casestudy on Pg 107 of your textbook on Zimbabwe’s drought in 2008.
- 29. Food Safety • FoodSafety refers to guidelines that ensure food consumed is safe for the general public. • General aim is to reduce the contamination by bacteria. • 4 main ways to keep food safe – Clean surfaces (hands and food surfaces) – Separate (no cross-contamination of food) – Chill (Refrigerate to avoid rotting) – Cook (Cook at proper temperature)
- 30. Food safety threats •Sudden disasters – Fukushima nuclear accident led to ban of food imports from Japan for several months. – ‘Mad Cow Disease’ outbreak in USA and Canada in 2005. Prompt action by local government to stop the spread of the disease.
- 31. Pitstop 5 • Readthe news article on pg 109. • Prepare Question 1 to 4 for discussion in class.