3. Irrigation is the science of artificially
providing water to the land in
accordance with the “crop
requirement” throughout the “crop
period” for the complete nourishment
of the plant.
What is Irrigation?
7. Flow Irrigation
In this type of irrigation, the
water available at higher
levels is allowed to move to
the crops present in the lower
level by the action of gravity.
8. Flow irrigation is again
classified into:
1.Perennial Irrigation
2.Flood Irrigation
9. 1. Perennial Irrigation
* Has continuous and constant
water supply to the crops
throughout the crop period as per
the requirement of the crop.
* Supply water to the crops through
a canal distribution system that
takes off from a weir or a reservoir.
11. * If the irrigation water is taken by
diverting the river runoff to the
main canal by the construction of a
diversion weir, then this irrigation is
called as direct irrigation.
* If a dam is constructed across the
river and the stored water is used to
perform irrigation, then it is called
storage irrigation.
14. *Direct irrigation is the
simplest and most
economical perennial
irrigation.
*The perennial irrigation is
also called as Controlled
Irrigation.
15. 2. Flood Irrigation
* It's also called inundation irrigation.
*It intentionally creates a flooded land
condition.
* This makes the soil completely
saturated.
*After this, natural rainfall is sufficient
for the maturity of the crops.
17. * This is best suitable for lands
where there is a river nearby with a
higher water level.
* So, the water is allowed to flow in
field until a flooded condition is
reached.
* Hence this irrigation is an
uncontrolled irrigation system.
