A flail chest occurs when a segment of the rib cage breaks and becomes detached from the rest of the chest wall, usually caused by two or more rib fractures in two or more places. Most commonly caused by vehicle accidents. During breathing, the detached flail segment moves in opposite direction to the rib cage, causing pain and paradoxical breathing. Management involves analgesia, intubation if needed, chest tube insertion, and physiotherapy. Outcomes range from full recovery to mortality rates of 10-25%.
Bronchiectasis is a chronic, irreversible dilation of the bronchi and bronchioles. Or •Bronchiectasis is characterized by permanent, abnormal dilation of one or more large bronchBronchiectasis.
Bronchiectasis is a chronic, irreversible dilation of the bronchi and bronchioles. Or •Bronchiectasis is characterized by permanent, abnormal dilation of one or more large bronchBronchiectasis.
Hemopneumothorax, or haemopneumothorax is the condition of having air in the chest cavity (pneumothorax) and blood in the chest cavity (hemothorax). A hemothorax, pneumothorax, or the combination of both can occur due to an injury to the lung or chest.
Hemopneumothorax, or haemopneumothorax is the condition of having air in the chest cavity (pneumothorax) and blood in the chest cavity (hemothorax). A hemothorax, pneumothorax, or the combination of both can occur due to an injury to the lung or chest.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
QA Paediatric dentistry department, Hospital Melaka 2020Azreen Aj
QA study - To improve the 6th monthly recall rate post-comprehensive dental treatment under general anaesthesia in paediatric dentistry department, Hospital Melaka
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
Navigating the Health Insurance Market_ Understanding Trends and Options.pdfEnterprise Wired
From navigating policy options to staying informed about industry trends, this comprehensive guide explores everything you need to know about the health insurance market.
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2. A flail chest occurs when a segment of
the rib cage breaks under extreme stress
and becomes detached from the rest of
the chest wall.
This is usually defined as at least two
fractures per rib (producing a free
segment), in at least two ribs.
some definitions require three or more
ribs in two or more places
Flail ChestFlail Chest
3. Most Common – Vehicle Accidents (76%)
Second most common – Falls, especially
in elderly population (weak, frail bones)
(14%)
Third most common – blunt trauma in
children, especially those with genetic
conditions, eg. Osteogenesis Imperfecta.
Flail Chest - causesFlail Chest - causes
4. During normal
inspiration, the
diaphragm contracts
and intercostal
muscles pull the rib
cage out. Pressure in
the thorax decreases
below atmospheric
pressure, and air
rushes in through the
trachea.
Flail Chest – What is happening..?Flail Chest – What is happening..?
5. The flail segment will
be pulled in with the
decrease in pressure
while the rest of the
rib cage expands.
Flail Chest – What is happening..?Flail Chest – What is happening..?
6. During normal
expiration, the
diaphragm and
intercostal muscles
relax increasing
internal pressure,
allowing the
abdominal organs to
push air upwards and
out of the thorax.
Flail Chest – What is happening..?Flail Chest – What is happening..?
7. However, a flail
segment will also be
pushed out while the
rest of the rib cage
contracts.
Flail Chest – What is happening..?Flail Chest – What is happening..?
9. Since the flail segment moves in an opposite
direction to rest of the chest wall
Flail Chest – What is happening..?Flail Chest – What is happening..?
Paradoxical BreathingParadoxical Breathing
10. Pai
n
Flail Chest – ImplicationsFlail Chest – Implications
Pneumothorax,
Hemothorax
Mediastinal
Flutter
Pulmonar
y
Contusion
Respirator
y
Failure
11. Flail Chest – DiagnosisFlail Chest – Diagnosis
Clinical examination for bruises, paradoxical
movement of flail segment.
Chest X – Ray
Computed
Tomography
13. Flail Chest – ManagementFlail Chest – Management
Analgesia.
Mainstay
Opioid Analgesics (risk of respiratory depression)
NSAIDs
Thoracic or high lumbar Epidurals with or
without Opioid additives.
Posterior rib blocks (lasts upto 24 hours)
Instillation of L.A. into pleural space through
ICD (controversial)
14. Flail Chest – ManagementFlail Chest – Management
Intubation & Ventilation.
Rarely indicated
Indicated for hypoxia due to pulm.
contusions.
Double lumen tracheal tube.
each lumen connected to a different
ventilator.
each lung may require drastically different
pressures and flows to adequately ventilate.
18. Flail Chest – ManagementFlail Chest – Management
Rehabilitation
12 week outpatient program for at least 3
days a week
patient should be seen for 30–45 minutes a
day after a 5-10 minute warm up session.
After discharge, patient should be given an
exercise regimen to be performed at home.
19. Flail Chest – OutcomeFlail Chest – Outcome
Mortality Rate of flail chest ranges from 10-
25%.
Ventilation has little effect on outcome