Major Hayden, a principal architect at Rackspace, outlines five key lessons learned about information security: the importance of communication and relationships, prioritizing detection and response capabilities, synchronizing people, processes, and technology, setting standards over policies, and maintaining a professional perspective during security incidents. He emphasizes that security requires collaboration and ongoing adaptation to threats, as well as the necessity of thorough root cause analysis following incidents. Hayden includes recommended readings to further explore these concepts.