Fire Safety for help D.Dutta Consultant NPPCF Bankura

1. FIRE SAFETY
FOR SCHOOLS

2. CHEMISTRY OF FIRE
Fire is a chemical reaction in which the substance(fuel)
combines with oxygen and heat giving rise to fire
Fire Triangle
OXYGEN
FUEL HEAT

3. FIRE IS A CHEMICAL REACTION
FUEL + O2 Heat CO2 + CO

4. IF ANY ONE OF THREE IS REMOVED ,THE FIRE IS IMPOSSIBLE
HEAT
CHAIN
REACTION
OXYGEN
FUEL
AT ALL TIMES,
PREVENT THE
COMPLETION
OF THE CHAIN
REACTION FOR
AVOIDING THE
FIRE

5. GROWTH OF FIRE
• INCIPIENT STAGE - NO VISIBLE SMOKE
• SMOKING STAGE- VISIBLE SMOKE
• FLAME STAGE – FLAME STARTS, SMOKE
INCREASES
• HEAT STAGE- UNCONTROLLABLE HEAT ,
LARGE AMOUNT OF SMOKE ETC.

6. Classification of Fire

7. Ordinary Combustible Material
*PAPER,
*WOOD,
*PLASTICS ETC.

8. * OIL
* PETROLEUM
* SOLVENTS
* GREASE
* PAINTS
Combustible Liquids

9. * L.P.G
* Hydrogen Gas
* Gaseous Substance Under Pressure
Gases

10. * Sodium
* Potassium
* Flammable Metals
Metals

11. How to
extinguish fire?

12. STARVATION
STARVATION
* REMOVE FUEL
* VACATE PEOPLE

13. BLANKETING
* CLOSE THE AIR
ENTRANCE
* TRAP THE SMOKE
* MAINTAIN THE SAME
FOR SOME TIME

14. COOLING
COOLING
* CONTROL THE
FLOW OF HEAT
& THE CHAIN
REACTION BY
POURING WATER
OR ANY OTHER
COOLING MEDIUM

15. Fire Extinguishers

17. EXTINGUISHING MEDIA
• CLASS A (PAPER ,WOOD)- WATER,
ABC POWDER, CLEAN AGENT GAS
• CLASS B (OIL) -
FOAM,CO2,DCP,CLEAN AGENT
• CLASS C (GASES) - WATER
,DCP,CO2,CLEAN AGENT
• CLASS D (METAL) - SPECIAL POWDER

18. 1) WATER TYPE
a) SODA ACID TYPE
b) STORED PRESSURE TYPE
2)FOAM TYPE
3)DRY CHEMICAL POWDER TYPE
4) CARBON DI-OXIDE TYPE
5)LIQUIFIED GAS(CLEAN AGENT) TYPE
PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

23. IS 2878 - 1986

24. How to use
Fire
Extinguishers?

25. Remember the acronym PASS:
How to Use a Fire Extinguisher
Pull
Aim
Squeeze
Sweep

26. Pull the pin…
How to Use a Fire Extinguisher
This will allow
you to discharge
the extinguisher

27. Aim at the base of the fire…
How to Use a Fire Extinguisher
Hit the fuel.
If you aim at the flames...
… the extinguishing agent will fly right
through and do no good.

28. Squeeze the top handle…
How to Use a Fire Extinguisher
This depresses a
button that
releases the
pressurized
extinguishing
agent.

29. Sweep from side to side…
How to Use a Fire Extinguisher
.. until the fire is
completely out.
Start using the extinguisher from a
safe distance away, then slowly
move forward.
Once the fire is out, keep an eye
on the area in case it re-ignites.

30. FIXED FIRE FIGHTING INSTALLATIONS
1. FIRE HYDRANT SYSTEM
2. WATER SPRINKLERS SYSTEM
3.AUTOMATIC FIRE DETECTION
SYSTEM
5.AUTOMATIC FIRE ALARM SYSTEM

31. How will you come out of
the room?
If you are trapped in smoke or heat

32. Coming out of the room in fire/smoke

33. What precaution will
you take after coming
out of the room to
contain fire?
If you are trapped in smoke or heat

34. Stuff the cracks around doors with
towels, rags, clothing or tape, and
cover vents to keep out smoke
Precaution after coming out of the room

35.  If feasible, call fire department
to tell your exact location.
 Open window but do not break it. You may
need to close window if smoke rushes in.
 Wait at a window and signal for help. Do not panic or jump!!
WAIT!
 Be patient. Rescuing all the occupants
of a building can take several hours.
If coming out of room not feasible

36. What will you do if your
cloths catch fire?
If you are trapped in smoke or heat

37. What to do if your clothing catches fire

38. How will you enter into
the room to rescue
someone?
If you are trapped in smoke or heat

39. How will you enter into the room to rescue someone?
1. Touch Door Handle whether it is hot
2. Touch Door Frame whether it is hot
3. Take your position on opposite side of
the flow of fire/smoke
4. Open door slightly only (If it is hot then
with wet cloth or any thick cloth)
5. Use any stick or any other object to
open door fully by staying on the side
opposite to the flow of fire/smoke
6. Let smoke, flames come out of the
room
7. If required, do some fire fighting
8. Cover your face with wet cloth
9. Now enter into room by crawling
10.You may take second rescuer help, if
available, by tying guiding rope for any
help during emergency.

40. How will you rescue
someone lying unconscious
in the room?

41. Rescuing someone lying unconscious