The document provides an overview of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) H.265 standard. It discusses the need for improved video compression standards due to increasing video content and limited bandwidth. HEVC was developed to meet this need by providing around 50% better compression over its predecessor H.264 while still maintaining high video quality. The document describes the various techniques used in HEVC such as improved block partitioning, transform sizes, prediction modes, and entropy coding that help achieve its compression gains. Both hardware and software implementations of HEVC decoders and encoders are discussed.

1. BMS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
Yelahanka,Bangalore-64
DEPARTMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
“AN OVERVIEW OF THE HIGH
EFFICIENCY VIDEO CODING (HEVC)
H.265 STANDARD”
Presented By
VARUN R
[1BY11TE052]

2. Outline
Introduction
Literature Survey
Need for HEVC
HEVC
HEVC Block Diagram
Hardware Implementation of HEVC
Software Implementation of HEVC
Applications of HEVC
References

3. Introduction
Video signal
Sequence of images.
Frame rate is a measure of no. of frames in one second.
Video Compression
Practical implementation of source coding.
Video compression algorithms use lossy compression which reduces
redundancy in video data.
Compression algorithms combine spatial image compression and
temporal motion compensation.

4. Need for Video Compression
Raw data is huge.
Channel capacity is limited.
It reduces bit rate.
Advantages of Video Compression
Reduces disk space.
File transferring is faster.

5. Video Codec
• It has a coder and a decoder.
• Used for compression or decompression of video file or
streaming video data.
• Implemented using different algorithms by different
companies but complies with industry standards.
• Compression technology, OS supported, sampling are
the factors which differentiate between codecs.

6. Literature Survey
VIDEO CODECS STANDARDIZATION HISTORY
[1] Gary J. Sullivan, Jens-Rainer Ohm, Woo-Jin Han, Thomas Wiegand “Overview of the High Efficiency Video
Coding (HEVC) Standard” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 22,
NO. 12, DECEMBER 2012 Pg 1649,1650

7. Literature Survey Contd….
• H.261
• H.262 / MPEG – 2
• H.263
• H.264 / MPEG – 4 AVC
• MPEG – 4
• MPEG – 1
• DivX
• Real Video
• Sorenson
• x264
[1]Gary J. Sullivan, Jens-Rainer Ohm, Woo-Jin Han, Thomas Wiegand “Overview of the High Efficiency Video
Coding (HEVC) Standard” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 22,
NO. 12, DECEMBER 2012 Pg 1649,1650
[2] Jens-Rainer Ohm, J. Sullivan, Heiko Schwarz, Thiow Keng Tan, Thomas Wiegand “Comparison of the Coding
Efficiency of Video Coding Standards—Including High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC)” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON
CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 22, NO. 12, DECEMBER 2012 Pg 1669

8. 80%
20%
NETWORK TRAFFIC
Video Data
Need For High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC)
/ H.265
• Digital video is driving the future
of Communication and Internet.
• Internet traffic is dominated by
video content, there is a need for
technology which reduces
bandwidth.
• Video service providers aim at
cutting down cost but ensuring
good video quality.

9. • It delivers crisper video contents and requires 50% bandwidth.
• It helps to stream or download an HD Video in a very less time.
• It supports 4K (4096 x 2160) and 8K(8192x4320) Ultra HD (UHD) video contents
• IT pioneers like Qualcomm, Broadcom, Huawei are working on products enabled
with H.265
• Strong Industrial and academic interests. Up to 1000 contributions per meeting.
• Backed by most of the major tech companies around the world.
HEVC / H.265

10. Comparison of HEVC with H.264

11. HEVC Block Diagram

12. 1.Picture Partitioning
(32x32)
(8x8)
(16x16)

13. 2.Transform size

14. 3.Prediction Units
Intra
2Nx2N,NxN
Inter
2Nx2N,NxN,dNxN,NxdN
4.Intra Prediction

15. 5.Inter Prediction
 Two main prediction modes
• Advanced Motion Vector prediction
• Merge
 7 or 8-tap interpolation filter for luma:1/4 Pel
 4-tap interpolation filter for chrom:1/8 Pel

16. 6.Deblocking
• HEVC Deblocking is performed on the 8×8 grid only
• Parallelizable
7. Sample Adaptive Offset
• After Deblocking (Optional)
• Add offset to pixels depending on their categorization
(band, edge)
• Up to 6% bitrate savings.

17. 8. Entropy Coding
CABAC (Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding) a more
sophisticated context management scheme.
• Improved compression efficiency
• Improved throughput speed while reducing its context
memory requirements
9. Parallel Processing

18. Higher Compression ratio thereby reduces file size.
50% reduction in bit rate
High performance and good stability.
High quality video
Capable of handling 3D, 4K or 8K resolutions.
Disadvantages of HEVC
x265 to x264 encoding time ratio = 7:1 3.5:1
Higher CPU on playback:
x265: 15% of Quad-core i7 (CPU only)
x264: 6% of Quad-core i7 (Hardware GPU + CPU)
Concern: Battery life on mobile devices
Advantages of HEVC

19. Hardware Implementation of HEVC
FPGA IMPLEMENTATION OF HEVC DECODER BY HHI FRAUNHOFFER

20. Software Implementation of HEVC
HEVC REAL TIME 4K ENCODER
2160p60 10 bit real time encoding.
Look ahead processing.
Available as SDK for Windows, Linux, iOS
HEVC REAL TIME 4K DECODER
2160p60 10 bit real time decoding.
Interlaced Support
Picture level parallel processing

21. Applications

22. References
[1] Gary J. Sullivan, Jens-Rainer Ohm, Woo-Jin Han, Thomas Wiegand “Overview of the
High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Standard” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND
SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 22, NO. 12, DECEMBER 2012
[2] Jens-Rainer Ohm, J. Sullivan, Heiko Schwarz, Thiow Keng Tan, Thomas Wiegand
“Comparison of the Coding Efficiency of Video Coding Standards—Including High
Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC)” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR
VIDEO TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 22, NO. 12, DECEMBER 2012
[3] High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Algorithms and Architectures
Editors: Sze, Vivienne, Budagavi, Madhukar, Sullivan, Gary J. (Eds.)
[4] Design and Implementaion of Next generation Video Coding Systems
By Vivienne Sze, Madhukar Budagavi
[5] http://www.hhi.fraunhofer.de/fields-of-competence/image-
processing/solutions/hevc-software-and-hardware-solutions/hevc-4k-real-time-
decoder.html
[6] Official x265 developers site.

23. Thank You