This document provides an outline and information for an implementation report on Malawi's Farm Input Subsidy Program (FISP) for the 2012/13 season. It discusses program costs, tendering processes, impacts on production and yields, targeting and distribution of fertilizer vouchers, and perceptions of the program. Key points include that total program costs have increased from $50 million to over $250 million since 2006/07, simulated studies show good potential returns from fertilizer but importance of other factors, and over 70% of people felt allocation and distribution processes were good or very good.
Trends Shaping Perth: Boom, Busts and BudgetsAmy Williams
Brian Haratsis, Executive Chairman - MacroPlan Dimasi, explores the impacts of the Federal budget on Western Australia and outlines what new opportunities are presented from the emergence of ‘mega’ trends.
The document discusses how funds are allocated in Nigeria to the federal, state, and local governments from the Federation Account. It provides details on:
1) The revenue allocation formula which vertically allocates 52.68% of funds to the federal government, 26.72% to state governments, and 20.60% to local governments.
2) The horizontal allocation formula uses factors like population, education, and health to further distribute funds to state and local governments.
3) Charts and data showing the allocation of funds based on criteria like population, land area, revenue generation, and education for different Nigerian states.
The document appears to be notes from a June 25, 2014 meeting that include:
- An agenda covering various fund and market topics for discussion
- Charts and data on high yield municipal bond indexes and spreads
- Analysis comparing the performance of the fund to similar funds, noting areas for improvement in efficiency and allocations
- Transaction records and analysis of specific fund holdings
Henning Beltestad - CEO Lerøy Seafood Group -Waiting for China, What to do in...Norwegian Seafood Council
1) The document discusses a conference presentation by Henning Beltestad, CEO of Lerøy Seafood Group ASA, about the company's Q3 results and the market for Atlantic salmon.
2) It notes that while Lerøy Seafood saw increased sales year-to-date in 2011, its EBITDA and EBIT declined due to challenges in China, a key export market.
3) Beltestad discusses the potential for growth in various Asian markets to offset reduced Chinese demand until the situation there is resolved.
The document contains summaries of 4 posters presented at a conference on asthma.
Poster 1 summarizes a study examining the perception of asthma control in relation to tobacco smoke exposure among adult asthma patients in Catalunya, Spain. It found that most patients believe smoking harms their asthma and that not being exposed to smoke is beneficial.
Poster 2 describes the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of asthma patients in Catalunya. It found that patients were mostly women diagnosed by primary care doctors, with good control according to a standardized test and high rates of complementary exams.
Poster 3 examines asthma treatment, side effects, and control in primary care. It describes common medications, side effects, and found that while most
The document defines key photography terminology including shutter speed, ISO, aperture, depth of field, automatic and manual exposure, color balance, composition, the rule of thirds, complementary colors, analogous colors, and macro photography. It provides explanations of what each term is used for and examples.
This document summarizes a presentation given in Kangwondo, South Korea in December 2012 about heterogeneous computing and GPU computing. The presentation discussed the evolution of CPUs and GPUs, general purpose GPU computing, OpenCL as a programming standard, and a case study implementing the AES encryption algorithm on a GPU. Performance tests showed the GPU implementations were over an order of magnitude faster than a CPU implementation for AES.
This document summarizes a presentation about evaluating the performance of the OpenStack Swift object storage system using the COSBench benchmark. Key points include:
- COSBench is an open source benchmark developed by Intel to measure the performance of cloud object storage services like OpenStack Swift and Amazon S3.
- A case study was conducted using COSBench to evaluate Swift performance on different hardware configurations and identify bottlenecks.
- The results showed that for small object operations the proxy CPU was the bottleneck, while for large object operations disk and network bandwidth were limiting factors.
- Going forward the presenter plans to support additional storage services with COSBench and make it more openly available to help optimize
Trends Shaping Perth: Boom, Busts and BudgetsAmy Williams
Brian Haratsis, Executive Chairman - MacroPlan Dimasi, explores the impacts of the Federal budget on Western Australia and outlines what new opportunities are presented from the emergence of ‘mega’ trends.
The document discusses how funds are allocated in Nigeria to the federal, state, and local governments from the Federation Account. It provides details on:
1) The revenue allocation formula which vertically allocates 52.68% of funds to the federal government, 26.72% to state governments, and 20.60% to local governments.
2) The horizontal allocation formula uses factors like population, education, and health to further distribute funds to state and local governments.
3) Charts and data showing the allocation of funds based on criteria like population, land area, revenue generation, and education for different Nigerian states.
The document appears to be notes from a June 25, 2014 meeting that include:
- An agenda covering various fund and market topics for discussion
- Charts and data on high yield municipal bond indexes and spreads
- Analysis comparing the performance of the fund to similar funds, noting areas for improvement in efficiency and allocations
- Transaction records and analysis of specific fund holdings
Henning Beltestad - CEO Lerøy Seafood Group -Waiting for China, What to do in...Norwegian Seafood Council
1) The document discusses a conference presentation by Henning Beltestad, CEO of Lerøy Seafood Group ASA, about the company's Q3 results and the market for Atlantic salmon.
2) It notes that while Lerøy Seafood saw increased sales year-to-date in 2011, its EBITDA and EBIT declined due to challenges in China, a key export market.
3) Beltestad discusses the potential for growth in various Asian markets to offset reduced Chinese demand until the situation there is resolved.
The document contains summaries of 4 posters presented at a conference on asthma.
Poster 1 summarizes a study examining the perception of asthma control in relation to tobacco smoke exposure among adult asthma patients in Catalunya, Spain. It found that most patients believe smoking harms their asthma and that not being exposed to smoke is beneficial.
Poster 2 describes the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of asthma patients in Catalunya. It found that patients were mostly women diagnosed by primary care doctors, with good control according to a standardized test and high rates of complementary exams.
Poster 3 examines asthma treatment, side effects, and control in primary care. It describes common medications, side effects, and found that while most
The document defines key photography terminology including shutter speed, ISO, aperture, depth of field, automatic and manual exposure, color balance, composition, the rule of thirds, complementary colors, analogous colors, and macro photography. It provides explanations of what each term is used for and examples.
This document summarizes a presentation given in Kangwondo, South Korea in December 2012 about heterogeneous computing and GPU computing. The presentation discussed the evolution of CPUs and GPUs, general purpose GPU computing, OpenCL as a programming standard, and a case study implementing the AES encryption algorithm on a GPU. Performance tests showed the GPU implementations were over an order of magnitude faster than a CPU implementation for AES.
This document summarizes a presentation about evaluating the performance of the OpenStack Swift object storage system using the COSBench benchmark. Key points include:
- COSBench is an open source benchmark developed by Intel to measure the performance of cloud object storage services like OpenStack Swift and Amazon S3.
- A case study was conducted using COSBench to evaluate Swift performance on different hardware configurations and identify bottlenecks.
- The results showed that for small object operations the proxy CPU was the bottleneck, while for large object operations disk and network bandwidth were limiting factors.
- Going forward the presenter plans to support additional storage services with COSBench and make it more openly available to help optimize
Sendil Mourougane presented on utilizing the full potential of EPUB 3.0 features. EPUB 3.0 supports new features like JavaScript, CSS3, HTML5, multimedia, and more. It allows for more interactivity and enriched content compared to EPUB 2.0. Publishers should consider converting assets to EPUB 3.0 to take advantage of these new features and opportunities for interactive textbooks, children's books, and other content types.
Итоги работы "Самрук-Энерго" за 2012 год и задачи на 2013 годАО "Самрук-Казына"
Глава АО «Самрук-Энерго» Алмасадам Саткалиев на расширенном совещании АО «Самрук-Қазына» доложил о итогах работы компании за 2012 год и задачах на 2013 год.
1. The document provides a to-do list and instructions for science assignments on acids and bases due today including a CSI mystery powder lab and an alien juice bar assignment.
2. It also highlights key points about acids and bases, noting that most liquids are either acidic or basic, and that the pH scale measures the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution from 0 to 14.
3. Students are tasked with completing pages 1-3 of the acids and bases lab sheets, answering questions, and creating a Venn diagram comparing acids and bases.
Creating a website requires planning the site's design and content, considering the target audience, and using appropriate tools. HTML defines page elements, CSS handles formatting and placement, and JavaScript adds interactivity. The site code is entered into an editor, previewed in browsers, and adjusted as needed before being uploaded and hosted online for viewing. Regular updates can then be made by uploading new code.
For Young Graduates in India - Risks & Rewards for Joining a Startup, should a fresher join a startup, startup as career option, difference between established corporate and startup company,
The document discusses the building blocks and design patterns for complex event processing including events, streams, relations and operators. It defines events, streams and relations, and describes common operator patterns such as event filtering, new event detection, event partitioning, event enrichment, event aggregation, and event correlation. The design patterns are illustrated with examples of processing stock market event streams.
The document discusses distributed block-level storage management for OpenStack. It describes the Cloud OS storage system from ITRI, including the distributed main storage (DMS) and distributed secondary storage (DSS) subsystems. DMS provides high performance primary storage using data replication across storage nodes for reliability. DSS provides backup and restore capabilities along with deduplication and wide-area replication for disaster recovery. The Cloud OS storage system is integrated with OpenStack to provide its storage capabilities.
The document provides an overview of Spanish grammar topics including: present tense verb conjugations, stem-changing verbs, irregular verbs like gustar and ser/estar, preterite vs imperfect tenses, subjunctive mood, commands, object pronouns, possessive adjectives/pronouns, demonstrative adjectives/pronouns, reflexive verbs, por vs para, saber vs conocer, diphthongs with accents, verbs ending in ger/gir/uir/guir/cer/cir, the future and conditional tenses, and relative pronouns. It also briefly mentions the uses of hacer + time + que + present tense, irregular verbs, Spock verbs, the
The survey report summarizes the results of a parent opinion survey conducted by Scottsbluff Public Schools in Nebraska. It received 159 responses regarding the quality of education at Roosevelt Elementary. Overall, parents gave high scores to the quality of education programs, with an average score of 3.42 out of 4. They were particularly pleased with the reading, math, and specials/electives programs. However, some parents noted that technology and tutoring/extra help could be more accessible for students.
This document summarizes a research study investigating factors that influence the intention to use social media within virtual project teams. The study used a modified UTAUT model to survey 84 virtual team members. Key findings include: 1) Performance expectancy was the strongest predictor of intention; 2) Social influence, effort expectancy, and team trust were also significant predictors; 3) The model explained 52.7% of the variance in intention; 4) Intention did not vary by age, experience, gender or industry. Recommendations focus on ensuring social media aids productivity and overcoming trust issues for virtual teams.
1) Farming and the domestication of plants and animals emerged between 10,000-1,000 BCE, leading to population growth and specialization.
2) Surplus food allowed some people to specialize in jobs other than farming and herding, and complex societies like cities and civilizations developed.
3) By the end of this period (1,000 BCE), several civilizations had formed in places like Mesopotamia, Egypt, and parts of the Americas, characterized by elements such as cities, governments, writing, social classes, and organized religion.
Edison Research conducted a study on mothers' media habits called "Moms And Media 2011". The study found that mothers spend more time online daily than the general population, with over 2.5 hours a day on average. It also found that mothers are highly active on Facebook, with 62% having a profile, and that smartphone ownership among mothers has increased significantly in recent years. The report provides a comparison of mothers' media behaviors to fathers and the general population, with a focus on what makes mothers unique in both online and offline media consumption.
This document discusses the benefits of social media marketing for businesses. It notes that 80% of companies used LinkedIn for recruitment in 2010, and that Facebook and YouTube grew much faster than previous media. Studies found that small businesses saw a 50% increase in leads from social networking and over 60% of Fortune 1000 companies have online communities. The benefits for businesses include wider promotion of products to a larger audience, being ahead of competition, and generating more customers and revenue through word of mouth and exposure.
Evaluation of the Fertiliser Input Subsidy Programme in Malawifutureagricultures
1. The document summarizes the key impacts, costs, and benefits of Malawi's Farm Input Subsidy Program (FISP). It discusses the program's effects on maize production, food security, prices, and farmer incomes.
2. Modeling estimates that FISP increases total maize production by 809,857 metric tons annually after accounting for displacement and leakage. This provides total economic gains of $423 million which exceed total costs of $193 million, giving the program a benefit-cost ratio above 2.
3. However, the program's costs and benefits are sensitive to changes in fertilizer prices, levels of displacement and leakage, and actual yield responses to inputs. Higher prices,
Greg LaBarge - What Did We Learn From The 2019 Ag Production Year And Lake Er...John Blue
What Did We Learn From The 2019 Ag Production Year And Lake Erie HABS? - Greg LaBarge, OSU Extension, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Guild of Agricultural Journalists - eoncomic contextRichard Ramsey
Richard Ramsey, Ulster Bank Chief Economist, delivered a presentation to member of the Guild of Agricultural Journalists and other members of the media on the Northern Ireland agri-food sector and the economic context on which it is operation.
EEB is a leading energy company in Colombia and other Latin American countries. It has majority market shares and assets across electricity transmission, distribution and generation as well as natural gas transportation and distribution. EEB has a portfolio of projects under development to expand and upgrade its energy infrastructure. It has access to capital markets and maintains a stable financial profile with growing revenues from its mainly regulated operations.
Sendil Mourougane presented on utilizing the full potential of EPUB 3.0 features. EPUB 3.0 supports new features like JavaScript, CSS3, HTML5, multimedia, and more. It allows for more interactivity and enriched content compared to EPUB 2.0. Publishers should consider converting assets to EPUB 3.0 to take advantage of these new features and opportunities for interactive textbooks, children's books, and other content types.
Итоги работы "Самрук-Энерго" за 2012 год и задачи на 2013 годАО "Самрук-Казына"
Глава АО «Самрук-Энерго» Алмасадам Саткалиев на расширенном совещании АО «Самрук-Қазына» доложил о итогах работы компании за 2012 год и задачах на 2013 год.
1. The document provides a to-do list and instructions for science assignments on acids and bases due today including a CSI mystery powder lab and an alien juice bar assignment.
2. It also highlights key points about acids and bases, noting that most liquids are either acidic or basic, and that the pH scale measures the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution from 0 to 14.
3. Students are tasked with completing pages 1-3 of the acids and bases lab sheets, answering questions, and creating a Venn diagram comparing acids and bases.
Creating a website requires planning the site's design and content, considering the target audience, and using appropriate tools. HTML defines page elements, CSS handles formatting and placement, and JavaScript adds interactivity. The site code is entered into an editor, previewed in browsers, and adjusted as needed before being uploaded and hosted online for viewing. Regular updates can then be made by uploading new code.
For Young Graduates in India - Risks & Rewards for Joining a Startup, should a fresher join a startup, startup as career option, difference between established corporate and startup company,
The document discusses the building blocks and design patterns for complex event processing including events, streams, relations and operators. It defines events, streams and relations, and describes common operator patterns such as event filtering, new event detection, event partitioning, event enrichment, event aggregation, and event correlation. The design patterns are illustrated with examples of processing stock market event streams.
The document discusses distributed block-level storage management for OpenStack. It describes the Cloud OS storage system from ITRI, including the distributed main storage (DMS) and distributed secondary storage (DSS) subsystems. DMS provides high performance primary storage using data replication across storage nodes for reliability. DSS provides backup and restore capabilities along with deduplication and wide-area replication for disaster recovery. The Cloud OS storage system is integrated with OpenStack to provide its storage capabilities.
The document provides an overview of Spanish grammar topics including: present tense verb conjugations, stem-changing verbs, irregular verbs like gustar and ser/estar, preterite vs imperfect tenses, subjunctive mood, commands, object pronouns, possessive adjectives/pronouns, demonstrative adjectives/pronouns, reflexive verbs, por vs para, saber vs conocer, diphthongs with accents, verbs ending in ger/gir/uir/guir/cer/cir, the future and conditional tenses, and relative pronouns. It also briefly mentions the uses of hacer + time + que + present tense, irregular verbs, Spock verbs, the
The survey report summarizes the results of a parent opinion survey conducted by Scottsbluff Public Schools in Nebraska. It received 159 responses regarding the quality of education at Roosevelt Elementary. Overall, parents gave high scores to the quality of education programs, with an average score of 3.42 out of 4. They were particularly pleased with the reading, math, and specials/electives programs. However, some parents noted that technology and tutoring/extra help could be more accessible for students.
This document summarizes a research study investigating factors that influence the intention to use social media within virtual project teams. The study used a modified UTAUT model to survey 84 virtual team members. Key findings include: 1) Performance expectancy was the strongest predictor of intention; 2) Social influence, effort expectancy, and team trust were also significant predictors; 3) The model explained 52.7% of the variance in intention; 4) Intention did not vary by age, experience, gender or industry. Recommendations focus on ensuring social media aids productivity and overcoming trust issues for virtual teams.
1) Farming and the domestication of plants and animals emerged between 10,000-1,000 BCE, leading to population growth and specialization.
2) Surplus food allowed some people to specialize in jobs other than farming and herding, and complex societies like cities and civilizations developed.
3) By the end of this period (1,000 BCE), several civilizations had formed in places like Mesopotamia, Egypt, and parts of the Americas, characterized by elements such as cities, governments, writing, social classes, and organized religion.
Edison Research conducted a study on mothers' media habits called "Moms And Media 2011". The study found that mothers spend more time online daily than the general population, with over 2.5 hours a day on average. It also found that mothers are highly active on Facebook, with 62% having a profile, and that smartphone ownership among mothers has increased significantly in recent years. The report provides a comparison of mothers' media behaviors to fathers and the general population, with a focus on what makes mothers unique in both online and offline media consumption.
This document discusses the benefits of social media marketing for businesses. It notes that 80% of companies used LinkedIn for recruitment in 2010, and that Facebook and YouTube grew much faster than previous media. Studies found that small businesses saw a 50% increase in leads from social networking and over 60% of Fortune 1000 companies have online communities. The benefits for businesses include wider promotion of products to a larger audience, being ahead of competition, and generating more customers and revenue through word of mouth and exposure.
Evaluation of the Fertiliser Input Subsidy Programme in Malawifutureagricultures
1. The document summarizes the key impacts, costs, and benefits of Malawi's Farm Input Subsidy Program (FISP). It discusses the program's effects on maize production, food security, prices, and farmer incomes.
2. Modeling estimates that FISP increases total maize production by 809,857 metric tons annually after accounting for displacement and leakage. This provides total economic gains of $423 million which exceed total costs of $193 million, giving the program a benefit-cost ratio above 2.
3. However, the program's costs and benefits are sensitive to changes in fertilizer prices, levels of displacement and leakage, and actual yield responses to inputs. Higher prices,
Greg LaBarge - What Did We Learn From The 2019 Ag Production Year And Lake Er...John Blue
What Did We Learn From The 2019 Ag Production Year And Lake Erie HABS? - Greg LaBarge, OSU Extension, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Guild of Agricultural Journalists - eoncomic contextRichard Ramsey
Richard Ramsey, Ulster Bank Chief Economist, delivered a presentation to member of the Guild of Agricultural Journalists and other members of the media on the Northern Ireland agri-food sector and the economic context on which it is operation.
EEB is a leading energy company in Colombia and other Latin American countries. It has majority market shares and assets across electricity transmission, distribution and generation as well as natural gas transportation and distribution. EEB has a portfolio of projects under development to expand and upgrade its energy infrastructure. It has access to capital markets and maintains a stable financial profile with growing revenues from its mainly regulated operations.
EEB is a leading energy company in Colombia and other Latin American countries. It has majority market shares in electricity transmission, distribution and generation as well as natural gas transportation and distribution. EEB has a diversified portfolio of energy assets and is focused on expanding its presence in attractive and growing energy markets through investments in existing subsidiaries and new projects. EEB has consistently delivered stable financial results with over 80% of its revenues from regulated businesses and it has access to capital markets to fund its planned investments through 2018.
Budget analysis of Bangladesh (FY 2009 10 to FY 2016-17)BablahKhan
This is a presentation of working paper on Budget analysis of Bangladesh ( FY 2009 10 to FY 2016-17). This contains all about those year budget and there have all comparative advantages , disadvantages. Lastly there have recommendation of all presenter.
The document provides an overview of Empresa de Energía de Bogotá (EEB) as a regional leader in the energy sector. It discusses EEB's operations in transportation and distribution of energy with involvement in other areas. EEB has a focus on natural monopolies and growth through controlled subsidiaries. Financial highlights show stable and growing income and EBITDA with ambitious projects under execution to consolidate EEB's strategy.
EEB is a leading energy company in Colombia and other Latin American countries. It operates across various areas of the energy sector including electricity transmission and distribution, natural gas transportation and distribution, and electricity generation. EEB has a strong presence in Colombia, Peru, Guatemala and other markets through various subsidiaries. It has ambitious investment plans for the 2013-2017 period to expand its electricity and gas infrastructure. EEB has consistently delivered stable financial results with growing revenues and earnings. It also provides attractive dividends to shareholders.
The document provides an overview of Empresa de Energía de Bogotá (EEB), a regional leader in the energy sector. EEB has a wide energy portfolio focused on natural monopolies and has a presence in electricity transmission, distribution, generation and gas distribution, transportation and distribution across Colombia, Peru, Guatemala and other countries. It has ambitious projects under execution to consolidate its strategy and control over subsidiaries. Financial highlights show increasing revenues, earnings and EBITDA in recent years.
Is there a minimum farm-size frontier for food security and agricultural comm...IFPRIMaSSP
This document summarizes a presentation on determining the minimum viable farm size for food security and commercialization in Malawi. It finds that as the population grows and average farm sizes decrease, food production will soon fail to meet consumption needs if farm sizes fall below 0.7 hectares. Projection models estimate food deficits will occur by 2013 at the current rate of decreasing farm size. While diversification and commercialization may be possible on small land areas, maintaining or increasing average farm size is important for continued food security. The presentation concludes that land policy reform, improved productivity, rural employment creation, and reduced population pressure through family planning are all needed to address the challenges.
Implications of Agricultural Productivity Growth for Structural Change and ...essp2
Ethiopia has experienced rapid economic growth over the past decade, with growth occurring across sectors. While agriculture's share of GDP has fallen, it remains a major driver of growth, primarily through improvements in crop yields. Measuring employment based on time spent working rather than primary occupation suggests agriculture's share of rural employment is lower than surveys indicate, at around three-quarters rather than over four-fifths. Positive structural change, with workers moving to higher productivity sectors, accounted for around a quarter of the increase in average labor productivity between 2004-05 and 2012-13. However, at current rates of structural change, agriculture is projected to employ a majority of workers until near the end of the century.
Mercer Capital's Value Focus: Agribusiness | Q3 2014 | Segment: Agriculture R...Mercer Capital
The document summarizes recent trends in US agricultural land values and demographics of farmers based on USDA reports. It notes that while farmland values increased overall in recent years, the rate of appreciation is slowing. Cropland values rose 7.6% on average to $4,100 per acre in 2014, while pastureland rose 11.1% to $1,300 per acre. Capitalization rates for cropland are declining and below typical valuation ratios. The number of US farms and farmers are decreasing as the average age of farmers increases, posing concerns for the future of the industry.
This document summarizes economic and budget data for Vermont from 2008 to 2015. It shows that while the state's population and median income grew slowly, healthcare costs rose significantly. It also indicates that the state budget grew by over 30% in that time period, but now faces a potential $100 million shortfall. Some options presented to address the shortfall include tax increases, spending cuts, or pursuing reforms and efficiencies to achieve 3% annual revenue growth.
This document summarizes economic and budget data for Vermont from 2008 to 2015. It shows that while the state's population and median income grew modestly, the number of employed Vermonters and public school enrollment declined. It also indicates that state spending grew significantly faster than projected revenues, with the human services and education budgets increasing over 40% each. The document proposes strategic options like limiting spending growth to 3% annually and renewed efforts to find government efficiencies and reforms.
CPFL Energia reported a 1.8% increase in energy sales in its concession areas in 4Q13 compared to the same period in 2012. Some factors that contributed to the sales growth include a 3.3% increase in residential sales and a 5% increase in commercial sales. Investments totaled R$1.735 billion in 2013. CPFL Energia also distributed R$931 million in dividends related to 2013, with a dividend yield of 4.8%.
IFAD Cambodia Country program presentation apr 2015 ifadseahub
This document summarizes development indicators and IFAD operations in Cambodia from 2005-2021. It shows that Cambodia has steadily increased its human development index and GNI per capita while decreasing poverty and increasing agricultural productivity. The majority of the population lives in rural areas and relies on agriculture. IFAD has implemented several projects in Cambodia focused on improving agricultural productivity, rural livelihoods, and smallholder development through components like infrastructure development, training, and market access. Active projects have disbursed funds steadily and received high annual performance ratings.
- The SOHO Package was launched in October 2017 to target small businesses and is the only hybrid package that converts to prepaid after postpaid incentives are used.
- As of September 2018, 49,000 packages had been sold with an active customer base of 36,816. Most customers only remain active for 3 months or less.
- Revenue from the postpaid component totaled 22.6 million Pakistani rupees through September with an additional 7.7 million from prepaid usage. However, bill recovery is only around 75% with most customers not paying monthly bills.
Magnit is the largest food retailer in Russia by revenue and number of stores. It operates over 8,000 stores across various formats including convenience stores, hypermarkets, Magnit Family stores, and cosmetics stores. In Q1 2014, Magnit opened over 300 new stores and saw revenue growth of 29% and net income growth of 42% compared to Q1 2013. The document provides details on Magnit's operational metrics such as store sizes, sales densities, and ownership structures for each store format. Financial highlights include increasing margins from 2011-2013 and SG&A expenses representing 20% of total revenue in 2013.
- The company reported a 13.7% increase in net profit for the first half of 2014 compared to the same period in 2013. Equity increased 4.6% while funding decreased 18%.
- Net interest income increased 8.5% driven primarily by a 37% increase in trade receivables. Net profit from financial operations rose 15.5% and net provisions decreased 20%.
- The loan portfolio grew 10.5% with trade receivables increasing 11.5%. Credit quality improved with the net NPL to total loans ratio falling to 1.8% from 2.6% at the end of 2013.
Similar to Fertiliser Input Susbsidy Programme in Malawi preliminary workshop presentation 2012 13 (20)
Analysing the Dynamics of Change: Using longitudinal, panel and cross section...futureagricultures
This document introduces three types of studies - longitudinal, panel, and cross-sectional - that examine dynamic social, environmental, and technological change over time. It provides examples from the Future Agricultures Consortium's APRA Programme, which uses mixed-methods longitudinal and panel studies to analyze the differential impacts of agricultural commercialization on livelihoods in multiple African countries. Preliminary findings from APRA panel studies in Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe suggest agricultural commercialization may be reducing income poverty, though the results are early and limited.
The document discusses the importance of rice production in Ethiopia, current trends, and challenges. It notes that rice production has increased significantly but imports have increased even more, decreasing self-sufficiency. While demand is growing, productivity remains low compared to imports. Key challenges include low yields, lack of processing technologies, inadequate market development and human resources. Strengthening research and development partnerships is seen as critical to transforming Ethiopia's rice sector and reducing its reliance on imports to meet demand.
Rice Commercialization and Agrarian Change in the Fogera Plain of Ethiopiafutureagricultures
This document summarizes research on agrarian changes in the Fogera plain of Ethiopia resulting from the commercialization of rice production. Key findings include:
1) The introduction of rice led to shifts in farming systems away from other cereals and livestock toward more commercially viable crops like rice, pulses and vegetables.
2) Increased rice commercialization contributed to land tenure changes including more land sharing, leasing and public land allocation for youth.
3) A rural labor market emerged to meet the labor demands of rice production.
4) Dynamic rural-urban linkages developed as rice processing industries expanded in nearby towns, creating jobs, markets and services.
5) Household consumption patterns changed, with rice replacing
Rice Commercialization and Labor Market Dynamism in Fogera Plain: Trends and ...futureagricultures
Rice production in Ethiopia's Fogera Plain region has increased commercialization and labor market growth. This study assessed the implications of the growing labor market on rice expansion. Key findings showed that rice has become labor-intensive, relying heavily on hired seasonal workers for harvesting and weeding. While the labor market and rice production currently depend on each other, the labor market is projected to decline in coming decades as youth migrate to cities. This would threaten rice commercialization unless labor-saving mechanization technologies are developed and adopted to replace human labor. The study concludes research and extension should focus on promoting rice mechanization solutions to sustain commercial rice production long-term.
Exploring the Dynamics of Agricultural Commercialisation, Diversification and...futureagricultures
The document summarizes findings from the Afrint and APRA programmes, which studied agricultural commercialization in sub-Saharan Africa. Afrint tracked changes in livelihoods of small farmers in six countries from 2002-2013, finding increases in production and commercialization. It also showed increasing inequality, with better-off farmers responding to markets. APRA's preliminary findings from 2017-18 involved over 4,000 households in four countries. It examines outcomes around commercialization, poverty, empowerment, employment, and food security. APRA also analyzes pathways and trajectories of commercialization.
Overview of findings and ongoing research from the APRA Zimbabwe Work Stream 1 team. Focus on the impacts of smallholder tobacco- and maize-led commercialisation in Zimbabwe.
This study examines the dynamics of rice commercialization in Tanzania through a panel study approach. The objectives are to identify drivers of commercialization such as technology adoption, rural electrification, and migration. The study also analyzes the effects of different commercialization options on livelihood outcomes like poverty, food security, and women's empowerment. A stratified random sample of 559 households in eight villages is used. The results show that labor-saving technologies like tractors, herbicide/insecticide, and animal drawn tillage are widely adopted. Commercialization is occurring in response to demand, with area expansion driven by these technologies. Migration is also influencing commercialization patterns. Overall, commercialization options are improving livelihoods, though
1) The survey found that the number and area of medium-scale farms in Nigeria is growing rapidly, with many smallholder farmers graduating to medium-scale farms.
2) Medium-scale farms provide services like renting equipment, purchasing inputs together, and providing extension services that benefit smallholder farms.
3) However, increased acquisition of farmland by medium-scale farms could potentially cause land scarcity issues that displace smallholders or increase land prices, while productivity differences between small and medium-scale farms require further analysis.
The document discusses three models of private sector-led oil palm commercialization in Southwestern Ghana: large-scale buyer model (LSBM), independent model, and mixed model. It analyzes the different types of farmers engaged in each model, the welfare implications for participants, and lessons that can be learned from these models compared to direct state interventions. The study uses surveys conducted in 2017 and 2019 and qualitative interviews to assess indicators like commercialization levels, income, and food security outcomes under the various oil palm commercialization arrangements.
Overview of Lund University's Afrint project. Summary of findings from the project's 2018 publication, 'Agriculture, Diversification, and Gender in Rural Africa'. Publication edited by Agnes Andersson Djurfeldt, Fred Dzanku and Aida Isinika.
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3. Information sources
Preliminary report
implementation reports (predominantly Logistics Units
weekly reports and annual report),
Preliminary analysis of key implementation data from
household survey, sample of 2000 households across
14 districts in the 3 regions, in all livelihood zones
Full report (end August)
All the above, with full analysis of relevant household
survey data
focus group discussions, key informant interviews
with different stakeholders (Ministry of Agriculture &
local government staff, retailers, and different
categories of rural people)
‘community survey’ with key informant groups in
sampled villages
reports by other organisations
3July 2013
6. 0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2006/7 2007/8 2008/9 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13
US$ millions
Total estimated other costs
Other
Transport Costs
Net fertiliser
Seeds – maize
Seeds - flexi / legumes
Annual budget
Programme costs
6July 2013
7. 0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2006/7 2007/8 2008/9 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13
US$ millions
Total estimated other costs
Other
Transport Costs
Net fertiliser
Seeds – maize
Seeds - flexi / legumes
Annual budget
Malawi Government
Direct Donor Support
Programme costs
7July 2013
8. Tendering
Initial tender call March 2012 opened in May
Second call July 2012 awarded mid September
8July 2013
740
760
780
800
820
840
860
880
900
Yafuka
Price NPK,
$/mt
Suppliers
Chirimba Kanengo Luwinga
740
760
780
800
820
840
860
880
900
Yafuka
Price Urea,
$/mt
Suppliers
Chirimba Kanengo Luwinga
Optichem
Paramount
RAE
Options
Mzati
ADMARC
I Investment
SFFRFM
SFFRFM
ADMARC
12. Yield responses
Difficulties in obtaining reliable information on smallholder
yields and yield responses
New information from commissioned maize simulation
study under smallholder conditions (Anthony Whitbread
et al, Goettingen University)
Historical weather records (1928 -2004)
Different soils
Smallholder crop management (planting times,
weeding regimes, fertiliser rates and timing, plant
densities, varieties)
Realistic results
Average yields
Critical yield factors
Nutrient (nitrogen and phosphate responses)
12July 2013
15. Simulated yield response
Good potential returns to N and impact
Importance of
hybrid seed
early planting
good agronomy
potential for lower N rates
variable returns to N
Planned further work
Further analysis of simulation results
Analysis of On Farm Trial results
Analysis of IHS3 crop data
Analysis of Crop Cutting data
Incremental legume production?
15July 2013
18. Depot receipts timing,
% parastatal fertiliser sales
18July 2013
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
End Sept % End Oct % End Nov % End Dec %
2006/7
2007/8
2008/9
2009/10
2010/11
2011/12
2012/13
19. Uplifts timing, % total by month
19July 2013
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
End Sept % End Oct % End Nov % End Dec %
Uplifts % total
2006/7
2007/8
2008/9
2009/10
2010/11
2011/12
2012/13
20. Targeting: allocations, distribution
& access
Good targeting should promote:
Low diversion / losses
Low displacement
Effective input use
Poor & vulnerable
1. Scale of programme & disbursements
2. Area targeting:
regional & district distribution
1. Household targeting:
beneficiary characteristics
coupon access & redemption
20July 2013
23. Total fertiliser voucher redemptions
(millions)
23July 2013
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
2005/6 2006/7 2007/8 2008/9 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13
North Centre South All
24. 0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
2005/6 2006/7 2007/8 2008/9 2009/102010/112011/122012/13
North Centre South All
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
2005/6 2006/7 2007/8 2008/9 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13
North Centre South All
Fertiliser vouchers redeemed
per farm family
24July 2013
MoAFS
farm
families
NSO rural
household
s
25. Beneficiaries per farm family
by district
25July 2013
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60% Chikhwawa
Nsanje
Lilongwe
Dedza
Mangochi
Machinga
Kasungu
NkhotaKota
Karonga
Ntchisi
Mulanje
Salima
Mchinji
NkhataBay
Dowa
Mzimba
Balaka
Ntcheu
Zomba
Chiradzulu
Chitipa
Neno
Blantyre
Mwanza
Thyolo
Likoma
Phalombe
Rumphi
26. How many coupons received by
how many households?
26July 2013
2.7 million (NSO) or 4.4 million (MoAFS) rural/ farm households?
Note: Receipts by urban households are omitted (about 5% of rural receipts)
2012/13 2010/11 2008/9
Fert. Maize Legume Ferti. Maize Legume Fert. Flex
Coupons received per hhold
0.78 0.39 0.28 1.13 0.68 0.41 1.12 0.57
Estimated total coupons, NSO hh ('000)
2,131 1,078 776 2,733 1,613 968 2,794 1,419
Estimated total coupons , MoAFS hh ('000)
3,427 1,733 1,247 4,420 2,649 1,600 4,108 2,087
MoAFS Total Voucher redemptions ('000)
2,979 1,529 1,427 3,183 1,988 1,363 4,046 2,758
28. Perceptions of likelihood of different
types of people getting coupons
28July 2013
Scores: 1 = more likely; 2= no difference; 3 = less likely
Total
Poor people 1.97
Female headed hh 2.07
More productive farmers 2.09
Hh with orphans 2.04
Better off hh 2.12
Civil servants & teachers 2.48
VDC members 1.79
Average scores mostly around 2: no difference – no
apparent clear targeting
29. 29July 2013
Open meetings in
Redistr-
ibution?
Suppl-
ementary? Allocation Distribution
North 97% 98% 37% 1%
Centre 65% 77% 64% 2%
South 70% 77% 66% 17%
Total 71% 79% 62% 9%
Fertiliser voucher allocation
& distribution: open meetings?
Village
head/TA
VDC Agric.
staff
Villagers in
open meeting
North 67% 21% 0% 6%
Centre 79% 8% 4% 4%
South 69% 8% 4% 5%
Total 73% 9% 4% 5%
But who actually decides on allocations?
30. Fertiliser voucher allocation
& distribution: beneficiary List
30July 2013
List? Public?
Place published
Village
head
house
School/Health
Centre
Agric.
Office
ADMARC/
Input
Market
North 95% 7% 75% 0% 11% 7%
Centre 73% 40% 66% 27% 0% 3%
South 76% 46% 59% 22% 3% 9%
National 77% 38% 63% 23% 2% 7%
When published?
Seen by
hh?
HH
member
included?<=Oct Nov Dec Jan
North 38% 45% 10% 7% 31% 87%
Centre 46% 39% 14% 1% 36% 80%
South 51% 42% 4% 2% 33% 81%
National 49% 41% 8% 2% 34% 82%
31. Beneficiary List – perceived receipts
by listed households
Among those who saw the list… % who think nearly all
those listed received
31July 2013
at least part
of a fertiliser
coupon
two or
more
fertiliser
coupons
North 61% 22%
Centre 34% 6%
South 75% 23%
National 56% 16%
32. Perceptions of quality of allocation &
distribution processes
32July 2013
Scores:
4 = very good; 3= good; 2 = not good not bad; 1= bad; 0 = very bad
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
2005/6 2006/7 2007/8 2008/9 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13
Number of coupons Timing of distribution
Distribution methods Allocation criteria
33. Preferences for targeting criteria
33July 2013
Scores:
4 = very good; 3= good; 2 = not good not bad; 1= bad; 0 = very bad
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
2008/9 2010/11 2012/13
targeting ‘the poor ‘ (100kg)
targeting ‘the productive ‘ (100kg)
for all hh, with ½ the amount (50kg)
34. Coupon payments
Just over 1% of fertiliser coupons were reported as
obtained with some payment (2% in 2010/11, 5% in
2008/9 and 2006/7)
Reported sources included traders, TAs and headmen,
and agricultural staff, with traders about twice as common
as each of the others
Reported prices varied from MK200 to MK6,500 (with a
mean of around MK1750 and median of around MK750
34
35. Coupon use and redemption
95% fertiliser coupons & 97% maize seed coupons and
91% legume seed coupons used to buy inputs
Limited coupon sales (5% fertiliser coupons, v few seed
coupons)
9% of households paid a ‘tip’ to redeem their fertiliser
coupon (same as in 2010/11, 14% in 2008/9, 20% in
2006/7), most commonly paid between MK750 and
MK1,000 extra. Mean redemption payment was around
MK1,300
35
36. Coupon redemption
36July 2013
Hours travel &
waiting
Transport &
misc expenses
(MK)
Distance to
nearest
ADMARC /
SFFRFM (km)
Distance to
nearest private
selling point
(km)
Median Median Median Median
2012/13 8 250 5 6
2010/11 12 200 4 6
2008/8 9 200 5 8
2006/7 7 150 5 5
37. Coupon redemption
Most beneficiaries got the fertiliser they wanted (99%)
Maize seed beneficiaries: 84% got the variety they
wanted,
13% wanted a different hybrid variety, very few (around
1%) wanted but could not have an OPV.
Legume seed beneficiaries: 94% of beneficiaries got
what they wanted
37July 2013
42. Subsidised input use
42
Almost all coupon fertiliser was used in people’s own garden or shared
with others (3%), and almost all was applied to different maize varieties
Local 26%
OPV 11%
Hybrid 63%
Burley 0%
Almost all coupon seed was used in people’s own gardens.
Hybrid
maize
OPV
maize
Soya
seed
G/Nuts
seed
Beans
seed
Other
specify
Pigeon
pea
Own garden 96% 92% 88% 87% 80% 100% 92%
Shared 1% 2% 2% 1% 1% 0% 0%
Sold 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 0% 0%
Kept 2% 6% 5% 2% 1% 0% 0%
Other 1% 0% 5% 9% 17% 0% 8%
43. Diversion?
Transport losses?
No of companies commissioned
2008/09 23
2009/10 26
2010/11 25
2011/12 23
2012/13 43
Logistics Unit reported 608MTS lost (0.4%) & MK108
mill (0.2%)
Logistics Unit also reported 4,902MT stock balance
expected (3.2% of voucher redemptions)
Tampered vouchers: 13,083 (0.4%)
43July 2013
45. Outstanding invoice payments
by season
45July 2013
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
2006/7 2007/8 2008/9 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13
MK billion
End Nov (MK bill)
End Dec (MK bill)
End Jan (MK bill)
End Nov %
End Dec %
End Jan %
46. Summary / conclusions
Cost control – good as regards budgeted costs, potential for
reducing costs & diversion with larger farmer contributions
Timing of tender processes is critical (but if earlier then other
processes & transport /storage may become limiting)
Preliminary simulation yield response information is
promising, & suggests positive returns to FISP and
importance of early input access
Targeting – there are declining fertiliser coupons per hh, a
more even regional balance, & no clear household targeting.
Open meetings & beneficiary lists are being implemented,
but more enforcement of their proper use is needed
Redemption problems reported are much as expected &
need on-going attention
Difficult to estimate scale of diversion – needs careful
attention & constant innovation (coupon security is better but
transport security a concern…)
46July 2013
47. 47
Thank you
This material has been funded by UKaid from the Department for International
Development; however the views expressed do not necessarily reflect the
organisations’ official policies.