Poster prepared by Vimbayi Chimonyo, Wezi Mhango,Regis Chikowo and Sieg Snapp for the Africa RISING ESA Project Review and Planning Meeting, Lilongwe, Malawi, 3–5 October 2018.
Presentation by Michael Blummel at the 2012 Agriculture and Rural Development Day (ARDD) in Rio de Janiero, Learning Event No. 3, Session 2: Key Findings from Research Aimed at Enhancing the Feed Value of Crop Residues through Multi-Dimensional Crop Improvement. http://www.agricultureday.org
Options for intensifying cereal-legume cropping systems in West Africa africa-rising
Poster prepared by Asamoah Larbi, Abdul Rahman Nurudeen, Saaka Buah, Roger Kanton2 and Bekele Kotu for the Africa RISING Science for Impact Workshop, Dar es Salaam, 17-19 January 2017
Managing soil as a natural resource for sustainable intensification in East a...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Kihara, J., Kimaro, A.A., Chikowo, R. and Swamila, M. for the Africa RISING Science for Impact Workshop, Dar es Salaam, 17-19 January 2017
Gahakwa - Overview of agricultural research in Rwanda for the past 10 yearsCIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Drying and ensiling on nutritive value of groundnut haulmsafrica-rising
Poster prepared by Addah Weseh, Augustine Ayantunde and Solomon Konlan for the Africa RISING West Africa Review and Planning Meeting, Accra, 1-2 February 2017
Pypers/Blomme - CIALCA interventions for productivity increase of cropping sy...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
As part of the seminar held by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) under the title of "Fertilizer policy in Egypt and options for improvements".
Presentation by Michael Blummel at the 2012 Agriculture and Rural Development Day (ARDD) in Rio de Janiero, Learning Event No. 3, Session 2: Key Findings from Research Aimed at Enhancing the Feed Value of Crop Residues through Multi-Dimensional Crop Improvement. http://www.agricultureday.org
Options for intensifying cereal-legume cropping systems in West Africa africa-rising
Poster prepared by Asamoah Larbi, Abdul Rahman Nurudeen, Saaka Buah, Roger Kanton2 and Bekele Kotu for the Africa RISING Science for Impact Workshop, Dar es Salaam, 17-19 January 2017
Managing soil as a natural resource for sustainable intensification in East a...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Kihara, J., Kimaro, A.A., Chikowo, R. and Swamila, M. for the Africa RISING Science for Impact Workshop, Dar es Salaam, 17-19 January 2017
Gahakwa - Overview of agricultural research in Rwanda for the past 10 yearsCIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Drying and ensiling on nutritive value of groundnut haulmsafrica-rising
Poster prepared by Addah Weseh, Augustine Ayantunde and Solomon Konlan for the Africa RISING West Africa Review and Planning Meeting, Accra, 1-2 February 2017
Pypers/Blomme - CIALCA interventions for productivity increase of cropping sy...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
As part of the seminar held by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) under the title of "Fertilizer policy in Egypt and options for improvements".
Integrated Use of Organic Carbon, Plant Nutrients and Bio-Fertilizers is Key ...ExternalEvents
This presentation was presented during the 2 Parallel session on Theme 3.3, Managing SOC in: Dryland soils, of the Global Symposium on Soil Organic Carbon that took place in Rome 21-23 March 2017. The presentation was made by Mr. Amanullah Khan, from University of Agriculture – Pakistan, in FAO Hq, Rome
Upscaling of Learnings from ICRISAT-GoK InitiativesICRISAT
A presentation by Dr Suhas P. Wani (Director ICRISAT Development Center) titled Up-scaling of Learning from ICRISAT-GoK Initiatives
Journey thru ICRISAT and Government of Karnataka, India Initiatives 2003 - 2014
Agroecological practices for sustainable agriculture in BeninFrancois Stepman
Ambaliou O. Olounlade1†
, Li GuCheng2
, Gauthier Biaou
3
1-3National University of Agriculture of Benin
1Centre d’Actions pour la Sécurité Alimentaire et le Développement Durable (CASAD-Benin)
1-2Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan-China
Using agroecology to measure sustainability in agriculture TAPE – the Tool fo...Francois Stepman
Presentation by Anne Mottet - FAO Livestock Development Officer, Animal Production and Health Division - "Using agroecology to measure sustainability in agriculture TAPE – the Tool for Agroecology Performance Evaluation"
02/07 WEBINAR: The effects of agroecology. Why are metrics needed?
Lynam - Translating system research into farmer adoptionCIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Poster prepared by Ben Lukuyu, Fred Kizito, Peter Thorne and Bekunda Mateete for the Africa RISING Science for Impact Workshop, Dar es Salaam, 17-19 January 2017
Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS) in China: Models in A...ExternalEvents
http://www.fao.org/agroecology/
http://www.fao.org/giahs/en/
Presentation by Dr. Jiao Wenjun from Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) on Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) in China and how these systems are models for agroecology. The presentation was delivered on March 23, 2017 at the seminar on “Agroecology and the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems: How can innovative systemic approaches contribute to Sustainable Development?” organized by the Permanent Representations of China, France, and Italy.
Improved agronomy increases wheat yield In Africa RISING action sitesafrica-rising
Poster prepared by Job Kihara, Biyensa Gurmessa, Rolf Sommer and Lulseged Tamene for the Africa RISING Ethiopia Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 29-30 November 2016
Poster at the 4th International Rice Congress
Presenter: Pascal Gbenou, Noukpo Agossou, Marjolein Visser
Title: Farmer Evaluation of the System of Rice Intesification and Conventional Rice Cultivation Methods in Benin
Venue: Bangkok International Trade and Exhibition Centre (BITEC), Bangkok, Thailand
Date: October 28-31, 2014
Environmentally sustainable dairy farming in East AfricaProDairy E.A. Ltd
KMDP took lead in preparing the Kenya Forage Quick Scan Working Paper, a report compiled under the Netherlands East African Dairy Partnership (NEADAP), in collaboration with Wageningen University Livestock Research (July, 2019 The report highlights that forages are essential for the successful operation of ruminant animal production systems and the link between quality of forages – productivity – cost price of raw milk – food security and food safety - sector competitiveness – and the industry’s economic and environmental sustainability. (Source SNV-KMDP Close out magazine August 2019)
Intensification of maize-legume based systems in the semi-arid areas of Tanza...africa-rising
Presented by Ganga Rao, NVRP, Kimaro, A., Makumbi, D., Mponda, O., Msangi, R., Rubanza, C.D., Seetha, A., Swai, E. and Okori, P. at the Africa RISING East and Southern Africa annual review and planning meeting, Lilongwe, Malawi, 3-5 September 2013
Integrated Use of Organic Carbon, Plant Nutrients and Bio-Fertilizers is Key ...ExternalEvents
This presentation was presented during the 2 Parallel session on Theme 3.3, Managing SOC in: Dryland soils, of the Global Symposium on Soil Organic Carbon that took place in Rome 21-23 March 2017. The presentation was made by Mr. Amanullah Khan, from University of Agriculture – Pakistan, in FAO Hq, Rome
Upscaling of Learnings from ICRISAT-GoK InitiativesICRISAT
A presentation by Dr Suhas P. Wani (Director ICRISAT Development Center) titled Up-scaling of Learning from ICRISAT-GoK Initiatives
Journey thru ICRISAT and Government of Karnataka, India Initiatives 2003 - 2014
Agroecological practices for sustainable agriculture in BeninFrancois Stepman
Ambaliou O. Olounlade1†
, Li GuCheng2
, Gauthier Biaou
3
1-3National University of Agriculture of Benin
1Centre d’Actions pour la Sécurité Alimentaire et le Développement Durable (CASAD-Benin)
1-2Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan-China
Using agroecology to measure sustainability in agriculture TAPE – the Tool fo...Francois Stepman
Presentation by Anne Mottet - FAO Livestock Development Officer, Animal Production and Health Division - "Using agroecology to measure sustainability in agriculture TAPE – the Tool for Agroecology Performance Evaluation"
02/07 WEBINAR: The effects of agroecology. Why are metrics needed?
Lynam - Translating system research into farmer adoptionCIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Poster prepared by Ben Lukuyu, Fred Kizito, Peter Thorne and Bekunda Mateete for the Africa RISING Science for Impact Workshop, Dar es Salaam, 17-19 January 2017
Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS) in China: Models in A...ExternalEvents
http://www.fao.org/agroecology/
http://www.fao.org/giahs/en/
Presentation by Dr. Jiao Wenjun from Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) on Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) in China and how these systems are models for agroecology. The presentation was delivered on March 23, 2017 at the seminar on “Agroecology and the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems: How can innovative systemic approaches contribute to Sustainable Development?” organized by the Permanent Representations of China, France, and Italy.
Improved agronomy increases wheat yield In Africa RISING action sitesafrica-rising
Poster prepared by Job Kihara, Biyensa Gurmessa, Rolf Sommer and Lulseged Tamene for the Africa RISING Ethiopia Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 29-30 November 2016
Poster at the 4th International Rice Congress
Presenter: Pascal Gbenou, Noukpo Agossou, Marjolein Visser
Title: Farmer Evaluation of the System of Rice Intesification and Conventional Rice Cultivation Methods in Benin
Venue: Bangkok International Trade and Exhibition Centre (BITEC), Bangkok, Thailand
Date: October 28-31, 2014
Environmentally sustainable dairy farming in East AfricaProDairy E.A. Ltd
KMDP took lead in preparing the Kenya Forage Quick Scan Working Paper, a report compiled under the Netherlands East African Dairy Partnership (NEADAP), in collaboration with Wageningen University Livestock Research (July, 2019 The report highlights that forages are essential for the successful operation of ruminant animal production systems and the link between quality of forages – productivity – cost price of raw milk – food security and food safety - sector competitiveness – and the industry’s economic and environmental sustainability. (Source SNV-KMDP Close out magazine August 2019)
Intensification of maize-legume based systems in the semi-arid areas of Tanza...africa-rising
Presented by Ganga Rao, NVRP, Kimaro, A., Makumbi, D., Mponda, O., Msangi, R., Rubanza, C.D., Seetha, A., Swai, E. and Okori, P. at the Africa RISING East and Southern Africa annual review and planning meeting, Lilongwe, Malawi, 3-5 September 2013
Research on conservation agriculture and associated practices africa-rising
Poster prepared by Christian Thierfelder and Mulundu Mwila for the Africa RISING ESA Project Review and Planning Meeting, Lilongwe, Malawi, 3–5 October 2018.
Sustainable intensification of maize-based systems through improved use of ph...africa-rising
Poster prepared by A.A. Kimaro, N. Amur, J. Semoka, E. Swai, P. Chivenge and P. Okori for the Africa RISING Science for Impact Workshop, Dar es Salaam, 17-19 January 2017
Gliricidia-based doubled up legume for improving crops production and agroeco...africa-rising
Poster prepared by A.A. Kimaro, E. Jonas E, E. Swai, C. Rubanza, S. Martha, Ganga Rao and P. Okori for the Africa RISING Science for Impact Workshop, Dar es Salaam, 17-19 January 2017
Delivering climbing and drought tolerant bush beans in different soil health ...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Rowland Chirwa, Gift Ndengu, Powell Mponela, Lulsegad Desta and Regis Chikowo for the Africa RISING ESA Project Review and Planning Meeting, Lilongwe, Malawi, 3–5 October 2018.
Postharvest feed handling and utilization innovation africa-rising
Poster prepared by Melkamu Bezabih, Aberra Adie, Kindu Mekonnen and Peter Thorne (ILRI) for the Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019
Intensifying legume/cereal cropping systems in Malawiafrica-rising
Presentation by Regis Chikowo, Christian Thierfelder, Wezi Mhango and Rowland Chirwa at the Africa RISING ESA Project Review and Planning Meeting, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 11-12 September 2019.
Presentation at workshop: Reducing the costs of GHG estimates in agriculture to inform low emissions development
November 10-12, 2014
Sponsored by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Economic analysis of fertilizer options for maize production in Tanzaniaafrica-rising
Poster prepared by Bekele Kotu, Job Kihara, Yangole Luanda, Stephen Lyimo, Mateete Bekunda, Irmgard Hoeschle-Zeledon for the Africa RISING ESA Project Review and Planning Meeting, Lilongwe, Malawi, 3–5 October 2018
Approaches and interventions to make SI function in the Ethiopian Highlands: ...africa-rising
Presented by Kindu Mekonnen and Peter Thorne (ILRI) at the Echo East Africa Symposium on Best Practices in Improved Nutrition and Sustainable Agriculture in Highland Areas, Rwanda, 26-28 November 2019
Africa RISING project implementation and contribution in Ethiopia. Presented at Africa RISING close-out event.
24-25 January 2023
ILRI campus- Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Technique de compostage des tiges de cotonnier au Mali-Sudafrica-rising
Poster prepared by Moumini Guindo, Bouba Traoré, Birhanu Zemadim Birhanu, and Alou Coulibaly for the 13th Symposium of the Malian Society of Applied Sciences (MSAS), 01 July – 05 August 2022.
Flux des nutriments (N, P, K) des resources organiques dans les exploitations...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Moumini Guindo, Bouba Traoré, Birhanu Zemadim Birhanu, and Alou Coulibaly for the 13th Symposium of the Malian Society of Applied Sciences (MSAS), 01 July 1 – 05 August 2022.
Eliciting willingness to pay for quality maize and beans: Evidence from exper...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Julius Manda, Adane Tufa, Christopher Mutungi, Arega Alene, Victor Manyong and Tahirou Abdoulaye for the IITA Social Science Group Virtual Meeting, 7 December 2021.
The woman has no right to sell livestock: The role of gender norms in Norther...africa-rising
Presented by Kipo Jimah and Gundula Fischer (IITA) at the virtual conference on Cultivating Equality: Advancing Gender Research in Agriculture and Food Systems, 12-15 October 2021
Contribution of Africa RISING validated technologies, nutrition-education interventions to household nutrition and participatory nutrition-education need assessment with seasonal food availability in Amhara, Oromia and SNNP regions of Ethiopia
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
Application of mineral fertilisers and organic resources—Malawi
1. Application of mineral fertilisers and organic resources - Malawi
Vimbayi Chimonyo1, Wezi Mhango2,Regis Chikowo1, Sieg Snapp1
1Michigan State University; 2Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources
Challenges & Study objective
Soil organic matter has declined on most farms, making fertilizer use
efficiencies poor.
In Malawi, the most feasible approach to building SOM is through
cycling low and high quality crop residues. Livestock populations are
low, while an important resource elsewhere, animal manure is in
insufficient quantities to make a significant impact on farms.
Residues from grain legumes can be used to optimize fertilizer
responses of maize, improve soil health and food security across
diverse agro-ecologies. Burning of crop residues as part of land
preparation is practice that must be discouraged
Main study objective: To quantify the ecological, economic and nutrition
benefits of growing maize in rotations with legumes when crop residues are
properly used in the cropping systems
Partners
This poster is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.
September 2018
We thank farmers and local partners in Africa RISING sites for their contributions to this work. We also acknowledge the
support of all donors which globally support the work of the CGIAR centers and their partners through their
contributions to the CGIAR system
Introduced technologies
I) Mineral fertilizer (Mz69) at 10 kg P & 69 kg N ha-1.
II) Maize in rotation with soybean (SbRot), groundnut (GnRot), or
peanut/pigeonpea intercrop (GnDLR douled-up) at 6 kg P and 35 kg N
ha-1 and,
III) Continuous maize/pigeonpea intercrop (MzPp) –improving the
traditional system hat 6 kg P and 35 kg N ha-1
Evidence
• There were no significant differences between fertilized maize (Mz69) and
maize in rotation with legumes at reduced
• Rotating maize with legumes increased nitrogen use efficiency by 56%
relative to Mz69.
• Adding half the rate of fertilizer and integrating legumes increased gross
margins of maize by 29 – 75% and increased protein and calorie
production by 200 – 450%.
• Over time, integrating grain legumes in maize systems resulted in stable
maize yields (Fig 1)
Approaches of taking the technologies to scale
• Field days and training workshops centered on showcasing the benefits of
good fertilizer practices and legume integration (Fig 2).
• Capacity building of extension system – institutionalizing knowledge in
Malawi extension system
• Private sector involvement – local agrodealers/farmer partnerships for
improved access to seed or fertilizer availability
Proposals for the future
• Using a calibrated and validated APSIM model for the different
technologies we will further optimize maize – legume by exploring
management options such as plant ratios, fertilizer rates, cultivar
types and planting dates.
• Make use of ICT technologies for targeted reach to thousands of
farmers
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Maize yield (kg/ha)
[max yield 5000
kg/ha]
Calories (Mcal/ha)
[max Cal. 300%
daily contribution
for a family of 5]
Protien (kg/ha)
[max Cal. 500%
daily contribution
for a family of 5]
Stability (rank)
Nitrogen use
efficieny (kg/kgN)
[max. agronomic
effciency of 100
kg/kgN]
Gross margin
($/ha) [max. gross
of $1000/ha ]
Mz69 MzPp GnRot SbRot GnDLR
Figure 2 Farmers participating in a farmer field day in Linthipe
Figure 1. Comparison of SI parameters [yield, calories, proteins, yield stability, nitrogen
use efficiency, gross margin] for the different treatments