This document discusses different types of faults in the Earth's crust. It describes dip-slip faults as occurring at an angle of 45-65 degrees with the surface, including normal faults where the hanging wall moves down and reverse faults where the hanging wall moves up. Strike-slip faults involve lateral movement along the fault line in either a left-lateral or right-lateral direction. Oblique faults combine dip-slip and strike-slip movement. Active faults are those which have moved within the last 10,000 years and are likely to produce future earthquakes.

1. Ann Marris Montessori School By: Sir Nolie
ault

2. Convection- the total rising and sinking
of the molten rocks in the mantle
-a fracture in the crust of a planet or
moon accompanied by a displacement
of one side of the fracture with respect
to the outer usually in a direction
parallel to the fracture

3. Depending on the movement under the crust
faults are classified into different kinds.
FAULT
Dip- slip Strike-slip Oblique -Slip
Normal
Reverse
Right-lateral Left-lateral

4. Active and Inactive Fault
-An active fault is likely to cause another
earthquake sometime in the future.
--faults are considered to be active if they have
moved one or more times in at least 10,000
years.
* Example is the Philippine West Valley
Fault Line System and the Philippine Fault

6. Classification of Faults
Dip-Slip
A dip-slip fault occurs when the ground
breaks into two parts, having an angle about
45°- 65° with the surface. The lower broken
pieces is the footwall while the higher piece
is the hanging wall.

7. Surface
Hanging Wall Foot
Wall
Fault

8. Normal Dip-slip Fault
Normal dip-slip fault happens when the
hanging wall slowly moves downward and
away from the foot wall.
Footwall Hanging
Wall
Fault

9. Reverse Dip-slip Fault
When the hanging wall moves up and above
the foot wall, reverse dip-slip fault occurs.
Footwall
Hanging
Wall
Fault

10. Strike-slip Fault
-rocks along the fault are colliding past
each other, causing a sort of dislocation
in nearby land areas.
-at first, a strike-slip fault looks like a
shallow crack on the ground. But
because of weathering and continuous
friction and movement between faults,
earthquake occurs.

11. Left-lateral strike-slip Fault

12. Right-Lateral Strike-Slip Fault

13. Oblique –slip Fault
-a combination of movements causing, a
dip-slip fault and a strike –slip fault results
in an oblique-slip fault.
-this fault is produced if one block moves
neither downward or upward while the other
block moves to the left or to the right.

14. Always Remember
“The Earth’s crust can
change quickly, and
earthquake causes these
changes.”