Details about Various Family Planning (Contraceptive)Methods

1. Family Planning
(Methods)

2. Contraceptive Methods
What’s available?
What are Couples choosing?
Why?

3. GATHER APPROACH
G- Greet
A- Ask
T- Talk
H- Help
E- Explain
R- Reassure, revisit 3

4. GATHER APPROACH
G- Greet
A- Ask--- History
T- Talk about the side effects, indication &
contraindication
H- Help in selecting
E- Explain- How to use, side effects, warning
signals, follow up
R- Reassure, revisit 4

5. Types
Temporary- Spacing Method
Permanent- Terminal Methods
5

8. Barrier methods
 Aim – to prevent
live sperm from
meeting the ovum.
 This methods
require high degree
of motivation on
the part of the user.
 Only effective if
they are used
consistently and
carefully.

9.  most widely known n
widely used barrier device
by the male around the
world.
 In India– trade name–
NIRODH.
 The female condom resembles
a male condom. The only
difference is, it is larger and
has a ring on the inside. The
women puts the condom into
her vagina until it hits the
cervix.

10.  It is a vaginal barrier known
as Dutch-Cap, a shallow cup
made up of synthetic
rubber/ plastic material..
 Spermicidal jelly is must
used along with it.
 Cervical caps are smaller
versions of diaphragms. It is
made of rubber and fits
over the cervix.
Diaphragm

11.  The contraceptive sponge, or
birth control sponge, is a soft,
round piece of plastic foam with
a loop for removal and is
inserted deep into vagina
 The sponge is filled with a
spermicide known as
nonoxynol-9.

12. • This are contraceptive
devices which contain
chemicals that can
destroy sperms and can
be used alone or with
other devices like
diaphragms or cervical
caps.
• Most common chemical
used is Nonoxynol-9(N-9)
• Effectiveness:72%
Spermicides

13. Intrauterine Contraceptive
Devices(IUDs)
First generation-
Lippe Loops Second Generation-
CuT-380 A
Third generation-
Mirena(Levonorgestrel)
*All IUDs made up of polyethylene/ other polymers
& have tail made up of fine nylon threads

14. First
generation
• Inert & non-
medicated acts
mechanically
• Now only of
historical
importance
Second
generation
• Metallic copper has
anti fertility effect
• Are smaller & easier
to fit
• Currently ‘T Cu-380
A’ is used under
NFWP (10yrs)
• Multiload devices
like CuT 250 are
effective for 5 yrs.
Third
generation
• Release hormone -
Progesterone or
Estrogen
• Progestasert:
Releases progesterone
65µg daily Effective
life of 1 year
• LNG-20 (Mirena) –
Releases
levonorgestrel 20µg
daily & effective life
of 5 years

15. MECHANISM
OF ACTION

17. Insertion of IUD
17

18. Ideal candidate for IUD insertion
1. Has at least one living child
2. No history of pelvic disease
3. Normal menstrual periods
4. Willing to check IUD tail
5. Access to follow-up & treatment of potential
complication
6. Monogamous relationship 18

21. The vaginal ring (NuvaRing)
• is a small soft, plastic ring that is
inserted into the vagina.
• It releases a continuous dose of
the hormones estrogen and
progestogen into the bloodstream
to prevent pregnancy.
• It also thickens the cervical
mucus, which makes it more
difficult for sperm to move
through the cervix, and thins the
lining of the womb so a fertilised
egg is less likely to implant itself.

22. Oral
Contraceptive
Pills(OCPs)
Combined Pills
a)Progestog
en only pill
(POP)
a)Post
coital pill
a)Non
hormonal
pills
a)Male pill

24. How to take pills
The standard way to take the pill
is to take 1 every day for 21
days, then have a break for 7
days, and during this week you
have a bleed like a period. You
start taking the pill again after 7
days.

25. • They are Progestin only pills(POPs)
• It thickens the mucus inside the cervix
• It also thins the lining of the uterus. This helps keep the fertilized egg from
implanting itself.
• Highly effective for breast feeding mothers.

26. 21 OCP + 7 iron tablets(60mg
ferrous fumarate)
Available free of cost at
PHC,UHTC.
21 OCP + 7 iron tablets(60mg
ferrous fumarate)
Available at subsidized cost at
health centres @Rs 3
Under Governmental RCH
programmes

27. Chhaya or Centchroman is a
non-hormonal pill that needs
to be taken twice a week for
first 3 months and once a week
thereafter. It is a safe and
effective method and can be
given to breastfeeding
mothers.

28. Post-coital contraception
Within 72 hrs of unprotected intercourse
Levonorgestrel (i-pill): 1.5mg stat (0.75mg
– 2 tab)
OC pills: 4 pills stat & 4 pills after 12 hrs
interval
IUD
Failure rate: 1-2 / HWY

30. Injectables
contraceptives
Progestogen
only injectable
DMPA (Depot
medroxyprogest
erone acetate)-
IM
NET-EN
(Norethisteron
e enantate)
DMPA-SC
Combined
injectable
•Cyclofem/cycl
o-provera and
Mesigyna

31. Injectable contraceptive is an effective method of contraception that can be
injected subcutaneously or in the muscles (usually buttock or upper arm).
It prevents pregnancy from taking place by releasing progestogen in the body.
Each dose of injectable contraceptive prevents pregnancy for three months.
Currently intramuscular variety of Injectable contraceptive(ANTARA) is
available at government facilities, free of cost.

33. Subdermal Implants
Norplant
 6 sialistic capsules,
 Each 35 mg of levonorgestrel
Norplant (R) – 2
 2 rods
Effective contraception is provided for
5 years
Failure rate: 0.05 / HWY
33

34. • The contraceptive
patch is a small sticky
patch that releases
hormones into your body
through your skin to
prevent pregnancy. In the
UK, the patch's brand
name is Evra.
• Each patch lasts for 1
week. You change the
patch every week for 3
weeks, then have a week
off without a patch.

35. PERMANENT
METHODS

37. During a NSV-no-scalpel
vasectomy (also referred to
as a keyhole vasectomy), no
incisions are made.
Instead, the surgeon uses a
hemostat (locking forceps
with a sharp tip) to
puncture through the skin
of the scrotal sac.

38. TUBECTOMY