Presents the history of the now defunct Australian defense contractor, Tenix Defence, as a case study in success and failure in managing large engineering projects.
Over its 20 year history, (2) Tenix successfully completed Australia's largest defense ($7 bn) project to build 10 ANZAC Frigates for Australia and New Zealand on-time, on-budget, for a healthy company profit against a stringently fixed price contract; and customers that are still happy with their ships and support 7 years after the last ship was delivered; and (2) failed so miserably on the next largish project to build 7 simpler ships for New Zealand that Tenix's owners decided to auction all of their defence assets. Also, in the 21st Century and despite the ANZAC success, the $8 bn Air Warfare Destroyer (AWD) project to build 3 ships is years behind schedule and billions over budget.
For more than 17 years of this history the author was a knowledge management systems analyst with access to most areas of company operations and thus able to observe sources of the successes and failures (including from the vantage point of Tenix's bid development for the AWD. The presentation shows that most successes and failures related to the ways in which Tenix managed their corporate and human knowledge, and attempts to infer some critical lessons that should be learned from this history.
Socially Constructing Warships — Emergence, growth & senescence of a knowledg...William Hall
This presentation looks at the case study of Tenix Defence and the nature of a ship and its crew from biological points of view to understand how they functioned as autopoietic (i.e. "living") entities in their respective environments.
Speaker presentations from the 2012 Commercial Market Forecast in Charleston, South Carolina. Panelists included local business executives and Ray Owens, from the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.
Marine infrastructure Planning, Design, Construction and Maintenance
The global demand for Australian resources is ever increasing and production is increasing along with it. The Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (ABARE) forecast that export volumes would increase by two-thirds in the years leading up to 2015.* To meet this demand Australia is investing heavily into marine infrastructure. Projects are being planned and implemented around wharf and port upgrades, marine asset management and maintenance, port and traffic intermodal co-ordination systems, terminal management systems and much more.
For more information about this event, please visit www.marinestructures.com.au or call +61 2 9229 1000.
Evolutionary epistemology versus faith and justified true belief: Does scien...William Hall
This presentation explores the basis for scientific rationality by testing our claims about the world against nature as described by Karl Popper's evolutionary epistemology versus accepting claims based on justified true belief. The presentation is particularly concerned to show the philosophical problems with religious fundamentalism.
Discussing the emergence of formal knowledge management systems in prehistoryWilliam Hall
Reviews Dr Lynne Kelly's new and revolutionary understanding of the roles of Neolithic monuments such as Stonehenge, Gobekli Tepe and Poverty Point in managing the large increases in knowledge cultures required to make the transition from mobile hunting and gathering to settled farming and urban life.
Dr Kelly's book "Knowledge and Power in Prehistoric Societies - Orality, Memory, and the Transmission of Culture", explains how the mnemonic technology known as the method of loci, as implemented in monumental architecture, helped people to index, rehearse, preserve and share large bodies of technical and customary survival knowledge knowledge in living memory. She also shows how the method of loci can be used in conjunction with portable devices to index large bodies of personal knowledge.
Mobile hunters and gathers are known to index their knowledge-laden stories against prominent features along traditional paths they follow through landscapes they traverse. Aboriginal Australians call these paths "song-lines". As hunters and gatherers became more sedentary they no longer had ready access to their traditional song-lines and devised more compact artificial landscapes they could use to order and rehearse the growing bodies of knowledge they needed to manage the complexities of urban life and agriculture.
Kelly's ideas are likely to revolutionize our understanding of prehistoric archaeology and anthropology.
Socially Constructing Warships — Emergence, growth & senescence of a knowledg...William Hall
This presentation looks at the case study of Tenix Defence and the nature of a ship and its crew from biological points of view to understand how they functioned as autopoietic (i.e. "living") entities in their respective environments.
Speaker presentations from the 2012 Commercial Market Forecast in Charleston, South Carolina. Panelists included local business executives and Ray Owens, from the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.
Marine infrastructure Planning, Design, Construction and Maintenance
The global demand for Australian resources is ever increasing and production is increasing along with it. The Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (ABARE) forecast that export volumes would increase by two-thirds in the years leading up to 2015.* To meet this demand Australia is investing heavily into marine infrastructure. Projects are being planned and implemented around wharf and port upgrades, marine asset management and maintenance, port and traffic intermodal co-ordination systems, terminal management systems and much more.
For more information about this event, please visit www.marinestructures.com.au or call +61 2 9229 1000.
Evolutionary epistemology versus faith and justified true belief: Does scien...William Hall
This presentation explores the basis for scientific rationality by testing our claims about the world against nature as described by Karl Popper's evolutionary epistemology versus accepting claims based on justified true belief. The presentation is particularly concerned to show the philosophical problems with religious fundamentalism.
Discussing the emergence of formal knowledge management systems in prehistoryWilliam Hall
Reviews Dr Lynne Kelly's new and revolutionary understanding of the roles of Neolithic monuments such as Stonehenge, Gobekli Tepe and Poverty Point in managing the large increases in knowledge cultures required to make the transition from mobile hunting and gathering to settled farming and urban life.
Dr Kelly's book "Knowledge and Power in Prehistoric Societies - Orality, Memory, and the Transmission of Culture", explains how the mnemonic technology known as the method of loci, as implemented in monumental architecture, helped people to index, rehearse, preserve and share large bodies of technical and customary survival knowledge knowledge in living memory. She also shows how the method of loci can be used in conjunction with portable devices to index large bodies of personal knowledge.
Mobile hunters and gathers are known to index their knowledge-laden stories against prominent features along traditional paths they follow through landscapes they traverse. Aboriginal Australians call these paths "song-lines". As hunters and gatherers became more sedentary they no longer had ready access to their traditional song-lines and devised more compact artificial landscapes they could use to order and rehearse the growing bodies of knowledge they needed to manage the complexities of urban life and agriculture.
Kelly's ideas are likely to revolutionize our understanding of prehistoric archaeology and anthropology.
Episode 5(5): Mnemonics and the rise of social complexity - Meetup session 20William Hall
This is the 20th of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge". The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species.
It is probable that the rise of social complexity in the development of agricultural and industrial economies required a major revolution in the social capacity to accumulate and manage the transmission of "working" (i.e., technical) knowledge. There is interesting evidence assembled by the Australian science writer, Lynne Kelly, that this revolution was based initially on a technology (defined as the practical application of knowledge especially in a particular area) based (1) on the construction and use of monumental theaters of the mind for effectively indexing objects of knowledge in living memory and (2) the practice within or around those theaters of particular social rituals for the accurate learning, maintenance, and transfer of those memory objects. This technology enabled initiates to store, manage, and accurately propagate a body of knowledge orders of magnitude larger than could be maintained by uninitiated.
For several thousands of years before the invention of counting tokens and symbolic and alphabetic scripts enabled knowledge to be objectified and stored by durable objects, such mnemonic technologies supported the emergence and maintenance of complex agricultural economies and specialized industries involved in the establishment of city states and state religions.
This session explains the circumstances of the Agricultural Revolution in the Neolithic and how mnemonic technologies extended the geospacial indexing and navigating capabilities that seem to be basic functions in the mammalian brain.
Monkey Business — What apes and New World monkeys tell us about the origins o...William Hall
Presentation explores the biology and behavior of our closest living relatives, chimpanzees and bonobos, and our distant Brazilian cousins, the capuchin monkeys, to understand the origins of human technologies and the cultural accumulation of knowledge. The presentation links to a number of video clips demonstrating the transfer of knowledge about the sophisticated use of tools by non-human primates.
Coda: The sting in the tail - Meetup session 23William Hall
This is the last of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge". The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species.
A coda is a generally short and more or less independent passage added to the end of a composition so as to reinforce the sense of conclusion. Here I consider the question raised in the title of this Meetup series - what does the understanding of the roles of cognitive technologies developed in this book tell us about the future of humanity? I see three possible scenarios, only one of which is moderately benign.
Which of these will come to pass depends critically on how successful we are at understanding who we are and applying the tremendous body of knowledge we have assembled over our history.
Storyboard for "An Evolutionary Hypothesis for the Origins of Socio-Technical...William Hall
The slide set forms a draft storyboard explaining the co-evolution of human technology, cognition, culture and organizations forming Episode 5 of my hypertext book, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge".
The book is a fugal hypertext exploring the evolution of human cognition, technology and knowledge over the last 5 million years, considering revolutionary technologies of material tools, mnemonics, books, libraries, computer memories, the World Wide Web, etc.
The structure of the book is based on one of the greatest cognitive artifacts of the Renaissance - the fugue. The fugue here consists of a Subject, Counter Subject, 5 Episodes with an Interlude, and concludes with a Cadenza and Coda.
• Subject explores theoretical foundations of knowledge and its growth.
• Counter subject discusses how show how recursive evolutionary processes cybernetically transform data into knowledge and power.
• Episode 1 discusses how the inventions of counting, writing, books and the printing press enabled and enhanced the major conceptual revolutions of the Renaissance, Reformation, Scientific and Industrial Revolutions.
• Episode 2 follows the invention of and revolutionary growth of digital computer technology within my lifetime.
• Episode 3 considers the inventions and revolutions in computer-based "productivity" applications for individual use and their roles in on-going cognitive revolutions in the way people generate and use knowledge.
• Interlude introduces deep theory regarding the co-emergence and co-evolution of knowledge and life based on unification of evolutionary epistemology and autopoiesis.
• Episode 4 explores early impacts of social and cloud computing technologies that have come to prominence since around 2008 to fuel the emergence of what may be called humano-technical individuals and socio-technical organizations.
• Episode 5 (this slide set) looks at the five million year history of humanity from an evolutionary point of view to explore how co-evolution and revolutions in technology and cognition enabled our ancestors, simple tool-using apes stranded by climate change on the African savanna, to completely dominate the biosphere of Planet Earth.
• Cadenza explores how issues arising from the episodes affect the nature of knowledge and its impacts on individuals, organizations and society who need to use knowledge in a competitive environment.
• Coda considers the future. Is there a sting in the tale? Are the current revolutions a point of inflection in a logistic growth (sigmoid) curve or are we rising along a true evolutionary singularity (or spike) as some would claim?
These slides cover 5 million years of human evolution to explain how straight-forward evolutionary processes turned groups of tool-using forest apes with minor tendencies towards cooperation into socio-technical organizations of humano-technical individuals controlling the entire Earth.
Episode 5(6): Writing and the rise of autocratic religions, states and empire...William Hall
This is the 21st of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge". The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species.
According to the original schedule published early in the year, this session was supposed to conclude Episide 5 with the topic "Rise of socio-technical organizations & cyborgs" covering writing, printing and the emergence of autopoietic organizations based on the use of technologies enabled by the Scientific and Industrial Revolutions. However, following on from researching the implications of Lynne Kelly's work on mnemonics as discussed in Session 20 and the transition from using formal mnemonic methods for managing cultural knowledge to using writing for managing this knowledge, I have found the topics far too complex to be covered in one session. Thus, tonight's session focuses primarily on the transition from mnemonics to writing, and how these profoundly different technologies have affected the cognitions and societal structures of the populations making the transition from the practice of mnemonics to writing.
Session 21- Cadenza was, originally intended to present my personal experiences as a documentation and knowledge management systems analyst and designer in implementing computer-based knowledge management technologies in the Australian engineering project management company, Tenix Defence primarily responsible for the $7 BN ANZAC Ship Project. However, given that I have already made two public presentations on this topic:
● Failing to learn from Australia’s most successful defence project. SIRF 2nd KM Roundtable 2015, South Melbourne, 26/5/2015 (http://www.orgs-evolution-knowledge.net/Index/Essays/Presentations/How%20not%20to%20learn%20lessons(web).pdf), and
● Socially Constructing Warships — Emergence, growth & senescence of a knowledge-intensive complex adaptive system. Melbourne Emergence Meetup, University of Melbourne, 11 June 2015 (http://www.orgs-evolution-knowledge.net/Index/Essays/Presentations/SociallyConstructingWarships(1).pdf)
I see no need to repeat that discussion here, and will devote the present Session 21 to the societal impacts of the printing and microelectronics revolutions that have had equally profound implications for the ever more rapidly changing processes of human cognition and complexity of human social systems.
Life, Knowledge and Natural Selection ― How life (scientifically) designs its...William Hall
This presentation presents a biologically-based theory of knowledge and life explaining the similarities between evolution by natural selection and the scientific methodology. The theory is based on Karl Popper's evolutionary epistemology in the context of Humberto Maturana and Francisco Varela's autopoietic theory of life. The theory is applied to understanding the past evolution of humans to an attempt to understand our future evolution.
Episode 5(5): Mnemonics and the rise of social complexity - Meetup session 20William Hall
This is the 20th of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge". The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species.
It is probable that the rise of social complexity in the development of agricultural and industrial economies required a major revolution in the social capacity to accumulate and manage the transmission of "working" (i.e., technical) knowledge. There is interesting evidence assembled by the Australian science writer, Lynne Kelly, that this revolution was based initially on a technology (defined as the practical application of knowledge especially in a particular area) based (1) on the construction and use of monumental theaters of the mind for effectively indexing objects of knowledge in living memory and (2) the practice within or around those theaters of particular social rituals for the accurate learning, maintenance, and transfer of those memory objects. This technology enabled initiates to store, manage, and accurately propagate a body of knowledge orders of magnitude larger than could be maintained by uninitiated.
For several thousands of years before the invention of counting tokens and symbolic and alphabetic scripts enabled knowledge to be objectified and stored by durable objects, such mnemonic technologies supported the emergence and maintenance of complex agricultural economies and specialized industries involved in the establishment of city states and state religions.
This session explains the circumstances of the Agricultural Revolution in the Neolithic and how mnemonic technologies extended the geospacial indexing and navigating capabilities that seem to be basic functions in the mammalian brain.
Monkey Business — What apes and New World monkeys tell us about the origins o...William Hall
Presentation explores the biology and behavior of our closest living relatives, chimpanzees and bonobos, and our distant Brazilian cousins, the capuchin monkeys, to understand the origins of human technologies and the cultural accumulation of knowledge. The presentation links to a number of video clips demonstrating the transfer of knowledge about the sophisticated use of tools by non-human primates.
Coda: The sting in the tail - Meetup session 23William Hall
This is the last of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge". The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species.
A coda is a generally short and more or less independent passage added to the end of a composition so as to reinforce the sense of conclusion. Here I consider the question raised in the title of this Meetup series - what does the understanding of the roles of cognitive technologies developed in this book tell us about the future of humanity? I see three possible scenarios, only one of which is moderately benign.
Which of these will come to pass depends critically on how successful we are at understanding who we are and applying the tremendous body of knowledge we have assembled over our history.
Storyboard for "An Evolutionary Hypothesis for the Origins of Socio-Technical...William Hall
The slide set forms a draft storyboard explaining the co-evolution of human technology, cognition, culture and organizations forming Episode 5 of my hypertext book, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge".
The book is a fugal hypertext exploring the evolution of human cognition, technology and knowledge over the last 5 million years, considering revolutionary technologies of material tools, mnemonics, books, libraries, computer memories, the World Wide Web, etc.
The structure of the book is based on one of the greatest cognitive artifacts of the Renaissance - the fugue. The fugue here consists of a Subject, Counter Subject, 5 Episodes with an Interlude, and concludes with a Cadenza and Coda.
• Subject explores theoretical foundations of knowledge and its growth.
• Counter subject discusses how show how recursive evolutionary processes cybernetically transform data into knowledge and power.
• Episode 1 discusses how the inventions of counting, writing, books and the printing press enabled and enhanced the major conceptual revolutions of the Renaissance, Reformation, Scientific and Industrial Revolutions.
• Episode 2 follows the invention of and revolutionary growth of digital computer technology within my lifetime.
• Episode 3 considers the inventions and revolutions in computer-based "productivity" applications for individual use and their roles in on-going cognitive revolutions in the way people generate and use knowledge.
• Interlude introduces deep theory regarding the co-emergence and co-evolution of knowledge and life based on unification of evolutionary epistemology and autopoiesis.
• Episode 4 explores early impacts of social and cloud computing technologies that have come to prominence since around 2008 to fuel the emergence of what may be called humano-technical individuals and socio-technical organizations.
• Episode 5 (this slide set) looks at the five million year history of humanity from an evolutionary point of view to explore how co-evolution and revolutions in technology and cognition enabled our ancestors, simple tool-using apes stranded by climate change on the African savanna, to completely dominate the biosphere of Planet Earth.
• Cadenza explores how issues arising from the episodes affect the nature of knowledge and its impacts on individuals, organizations and society who need to use knowledge in a competitive environment.
• Coda considers the future. Is there a sting in the tale? Are the current revolutions a point of inflection in a logistic growth (sigmoid) curve or are we rising along a true evolutionary singularity (or spike) as some would claim?
These slides cover 5 million years of human evolution to explain how straight-forward evolutionary processes turned groups of tool-using forest apes with minor tendencies towards cooperation into socio-technical organizations of humano-technical individuals controlling the entire Earth.
Episode 5(6): Writing and the rise of autocratic religions, states and empire...William Hall
This is the 21st of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge". The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species.
According to the original schedule published early in the year, this session was supposed to conclude Episide 5 with the topic "Rise of socio-technical organizations & cyborgs" covering writing, printing and the emergence of autopoietic organizations based on the use of technologies enabled by the Scientific and Industrial Revolutions. However, following on from researching the implications of Lynne Kelly's work on mnemonics as discussed in Session 20 and the transition from using formal mnemonic methods for managing cultural knowledge to using writing for managing this knowledge, I have found the topics far too complex to be covered in one session. Thus, tonight's session focuses primarily on the transition from mnemonics to writing, and how these profoundly different technologies have affected the cognitions and societal structures of the populations making the transition from the practice of mnemonics to writing.
Session 21- Cadenza was, originally intended to present my personal experiences as a documentation and knowledge management systems analyst and designer in implementing computer-based knowledge management technologies in the Australian engineering project management company, Tenix Defence primarily responsible for the $7 BN ANZAC Ship Project. However, given that I have already made two public presentations on this topic:
● Failing to learn from Australia’s most successful defence project. SIRF 2nd KM Roundtable 2015, South Melbourne, 26/5/2015 (http://www.orgs-evolution-knowledge.net/Index/Essays/Presentations/How%20not%20to%20learn%20lessons(web).pdf), and
● Socially Constructing Warships — Emergence, growth & senescence of a knowledge-intensive complex adaptive system. Melbourne Emergence Meetup, University of Melbourne, 11 June 2015 (http://www.orgs-evolution-knowledge.net/Index/Essays/Presentations/SociallyConstructingWarships(1).pdf)
I see no need to repeat that discussion here, and will devote the present Session 21 to the societal impacts of the printing and microelectronics revolutions that have had equally profound implications for the ever more rapidly changing processes of human cognition and complexity of human social systems.
Life, Knowledge and Natural Selection ― How life (scientifically) designs its...William Hall
This presentation presents a biologically-based theory of knowledge and life explaining the similarities between evolution by natural selection and the scientific methodology. The theory is based on Karl Popper's evolutionary epistemology in the context of Humberto Maturana and Francisco Varela's autopoietic theory of life. The theory is applied to understanding the past evolution of humans to an attempt to understand our future evolution.
Hall brouwers2004tenixmatrixinovsummitcmis(present)William Hall
Hall, W.P. and Brouwers, P. 2004. The CMIS solution for Tenix's M113 program. MatrixOne Innovation Summit. Shangri-La's Rasa Sentosa Resort, Singapore, 12 - 14 August, 2004.
System described here still represents world-wide state of the art
Supporting business decisions in the technological enterpriseWilliam Hall
Lecture for Business Systems Analysis.
Explores some aspects of organization theory and bounded rationality as these have been applied over the 17+ year history of a major shipbuilding contract in the context of a large defense engineering and project management enterprise. Cases include
(1) proving to the Client that contractual operational availability targets were met over 10 ship-years in service,
(2) analyzing and designing a system to capture, manage, and deliver to both crew and a relationally based computerized management system all technical data and procedural knowledge required to maintain the ships through a 27 year life-span,
(3) understanding how the company failed through its failure to complete a smaller, simpler shipbuilding project following on from the successful and profitable completion of the much larger and more complex project
Definition of project profiles to streamline MBSE deployment effortsObeo
Discover how Capella has been deployed and used in a large range of projects in the field of the energy industry with Assystem
Assystem has over 50 years of experience providing industrial infrastructures with engineering services and managing projects complex in size, technological content, and safety requirements.
With the help of Capella and Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE), Assystem as a leading engineering company is helping its clients to face big challenges against an exponential increase in demand worldwide for energy combined with the goals of achieving sustainability of energy supply and reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.
During this webinar, you will:
Get an overview of their pathway towards MBSE approach to structure projects more and more complex and organizations more and more transverse, their MBSE motivations as a communication means for extended organization, and for co-development within other engineering team.
Discover how their initiative architecture has provided both a modeling platform and methodology that can be flexibly adapted to best fit their engineering, construction and research context.
Understand how their systems architects can closely collaborate with engineers responsible for multiple design, construction and commissioning tasks, within a robust framework to ensure both quick and long term added value.
Similar to Failing to learn from Australia’s most successful defence project (20)
Episode 5(7): Printing: "freedom" and the emergence of knowledge based autopo...William Hall
This is the 22nd of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge". The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species.
When I started this series I had not yet finished writing the final parts of Episode 5 or fully understood the importance of mnemonic technologies in the emergence of agriculture and industry. In my original schedule, I also underestimated the extent of material to be covered to explain the evolutionary origins of today and tomorrow's post-industrial humans. Thus, to properly conclude Episode 5 I have decided to skip the Cadenza section entirely.
The Cadenza was intended to explore how I applied many of the ideas about cognitive technologies presented in this series in my professional work as an engineering knowledge management systems analyst and designer for Tenix Defence that helped to ensure the successful completion of the $7 BN ANZAC Ship Project supplying 10 frigates to the Australian and New Zealand Navies. The project was unusual in that as part of the contract, besides constructing the ships, Tenix was required to provide a complete package of engineering technical data and knowledge regarding ship maintenance, logistics, and operations. What we did at Tenix is still state-of-the-art, but I do not need to tell the story here as the material I intended to present has already been covered quite thoroughly in the presentations referenced in Session 21.
Tonight, in lieu of presenting my Cadenza, I will finish Episode 5 by considering how the printing revolution again fundamentally changed the structure of society from a largely autocratic system to freer and more egalitarian systems. Mass printing and near universal literacy removed many controls over access to technical knowledge, enabling the Reformation and the Scientific and Industrial Revolutions. It also provided the basis for the emergence of individual entrepreneurs and knowledge based corporations as autopoietic systems.
Beginning with the spread of universal literacy with the Printing Revolution that also put the exponential growth and spread of knowledge into hyper drive, I then explore ideas relating to the inseparability of living knowledge and autopoiesis as discussed in the presentations for Sessions 13 and 14. The following papers provide the basis for these sessions and the discussion here:
Vines, R., Hall, W.P. 2011. Exploring the foundations of organizational knowledge. Kororoit Institute Working Papers No. 3: 1-39.
Hall, W.P. 2011. Physical basis for the emergence of autopoiesis, cognition and knowledge. Kororoit Institute Working Papers No.2: 1-39.
Hall, W.P., Else, S., Martin, C., Philp, W. 2011. Time-based frameworks for valuing knowledge: maintaining strategic knowledge. Kororoit Institute Working Papers No. 1: 1-28.
Episode 5(4): Apes become human with fire and language - Meetup session 19William Hall
This is the 19th of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge". The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species.
This presentation discusses how the mastery of fire greatly expanded the ecological niche that could be occupied by the carnivorous apes that became us. This also meant that proto-humans had to remember and share larger and more detailed volumes of knowledge about technologies and natural history than had ever been required previously - establishing selection pressures for the cultural construction, sharing and transmission of knowledge.
Before the capacity for linguistic communication was established it is likely that enhanced social behaviors around the campfires such as directed attention, dancing, mime and singing helped with activities such as organizing hunts and sharing critical survival knowledge.
Language would have to be evolved before the details of complex technologies required for making things like effective hunting bows and arrows with hafted heads could be reliably transmitted.
Fire and language gave Homo heidelbergensis the capacity to expand throughout Africa and across Eurasia. A later wave of even more sophisticated Homo sapiens again expanded out of Africa to replace all of the older relations. Arguably, this success was was founded on technological superiority and better systems for managing and sharing knowledge.
Episode 5(3): Where and how we started our path to now - Meetup session 18William Hall
This is the 18th of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge". The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species.
This session explores the origins of the hominin lineage. Our ancestors were the unfortunate apes who were stranded on the African savanna when climate change destroyed the primeval forests of their Garden of Eden. Our capuchin monkey cousins in the thorn scrubs of Brazil are currently facing similar circumstances.
Like hominins, it seems that some capuchins are becoming more bipedal when they need to cross treeless scrub lands or to carry heavy objects. Some capuchin groups have even developed food processing industries!
This session reviews some of the comparative evidence showing how tool-using apes (and monkeys) can adapt with technological solutions when climatic change turns their forests into dry thorn forests and savannas and forces them to work for their livings.
● Our ancestors were probably the first primates to successfully transmit large amounts of knowledge culturally.
The steps from scavenging meat on the savanna from carnivores to becoming the top carnivore of Africa and then the world are traced.
Episode 5(2): Genomics, our African genesis and family tree - Meetup session 17William Hall
This is the 17th of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge". The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species.
The growing fossil record and detailed genomic evidence provides an increasingly detailed understanding of our ancestry and genealogy.
Fossils and lost tools recovered from the geological record give us hints as to what kinds of humans were present in particular geographic areas. Various forms of dating based on the decay rates of a variety of different radioactive elements together with geology and stratigraphy tell us when they were there. This record grows more detailed through time as more paleoanthropologists study more areas in more detail and as Moore's law speeds up the publication cycle.
Enabled by the application of Moore's law to automated gene sequencing technology, over the last 5 years the detail and volume of genomic evidence has doubled and redoubled several times over. We can now compare the exact sequence of nucleotides in every single gene in the entire genomes of individual people, apes, and even some of our extinct cousins who lived 50,000 years or more ago, and do this down to differences in single nucleotides (i.e., to identify single character differences between two texts that are about 3 billions of characters long - about 1.5 million pages of text). Comparing the genomes of these ancient deceased relatives tells us a lot about what happened as long as half a million years or more in the past.
From these kinds of evidence we now know a great deal more about our genealogical relationships than we did five years ago.
Episode 5(1): Introducing Episode 5, our ancient ancestors and their relative...William Hall
This is the 16th of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species.
This presentation begins the last, largest and most complex episode in my fugue, where I explore from a biological rather than a technological point of view the emergence and evolution of humanity from a lineage of tool-using apes.
Some 4 million years one among several species of apes began to evolve the cultural capacity to share among themselves hyper-exponentially growing volumes of complex technical knowledge about the world. This knowledge gives us and our organizations the strategic power to control the entire biosphere of Planet Earth and the mineral and atmospheric resources supporting the biosphere.
Tonight's episode presents a step-by-step evolutionary hypothesis explaining how modern humans came to be and how the development of the cultural transmission of knowledge among groups led to the emergence of modern social and economic organizations.
Topics for this session of the Meetup include:
● Basic concepts of evolutionary and comparative biology
● A review of the material evidence about our ancestry and early evolution
I'll also say a bit about Homo naledi, described as a new species of human in a paper published this week (of September 13, 2015) by Lee Berger et al. The description, based on more than 1550 parts of more than 15 individuals found in a nearly inaccessible chamber of the Rising Star cave system near Johannesburg South Africa, is of a hominid species with a chimpanzee sized brain and a mosaic of features with resemblances to Australopithecus and early Homo. There is no dating evidence, but the features suggest this species may have been very close to the stock from which all Homo (humans) evolved.
Episode 4: 21st Century global brains and humano-technical cyborgs - Meetup s...William Hall
This is the 15th of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. Since I started writing my book, new revolutions in human technology and cognition have emerged that have profound implications for humanity as consequences of the continuing hyper-exponential growth of cognitive technologies that are so fundamentally changing our biological nature. Some of these are covered in this presentation:
● Moore's law is still at work in a number of areas: the cloud, pipes, myriads of converging and diverging devices, and to say nothing of applications
● Evolving the physical interfaces between humans and computers
● Wetware, software, hardware and converging human and artificial cognitions
● What does it mean to be human?
Interlude (2): Life and knowledge at higher levels of organization - Meetup s...William Hall
This is the first of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. Here I show how the theory of life and knowledge presented in this series accounts for the emergence of living systems at levels of organization above living cells. "Social" interactions of cells eventually led to the emergence of multicellular entities that have their own properties of life, cognition, knowledge and evolutionary histories. Similarly, similarly, social interactions of multicellular organisms like people eventually led to the emergence of knowledge-based social entities like corporations, sports clubs, churches and a variety of other kinds of discrete organizations. Tonight's topics include:
● Dynamic structure, Herbert Simon's theory of hierarchical complexity and the levels of biological organization
● The natures of living and explicit knowledge and cognition at different levels of organization
● New levels of organization can emerge within or on the top of an existing hierarchy
● Organizational autopoiesis, cognition and knowledge in human economic and social organizations are not to be confused with these phenomena in single individuals.
Interlude (1): Autopoiesis & physics of life, cognition and knowledge - Meetu...William Hall
This is the 13th of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. This session begins a theoretical "interlude" providing the basis for a more speculative view of the cognitive evolution of Homo sapiens, where the remainder of the book will benefit from a deeper understanding of the interrelated theories of life and knowledge as presented in the next two sessions.
My work on the book came to a halt when I tried to connect my ideas with the organizational and professional literature on the cognitive interactions of individuals and their cognitive technologies with knowledge, cognition and technologies at the organizational level. I understood organizations from a biological point of view rather than from a sociological point of view, where these views were further grounded in fundamentally different understandings of what knowledge is. It took several years and the publication of several papers before I thought I fully understood the details and implications of the different paradigms of organizational understanding. Only then could this book be finished. This interlude in the evolutionary history of humans and technology explores the fundamental relationships between knowledge and life at several levels of biological organization from single cells to complex social entities such as corporations, states and nations and how cognition plays out at each of these levels.
Topics discussed in this session include:
● Life is a thermodynamically dissipative process driven by the transport of energy from sources to sinks
● The emergence and evolution of knowledge is an inseparable part of the emergence of life and the evolution of living things
● The importance of and mechanisms for sharing knowledge in the evolutionary process
● Understanding the differences and relationships between living and explicit knowledge
● Culture and the sharing of knowledge at higher levels of organization
Episode 3(4): Wrapping up the Web and the history of cognitive technologies -...William Hall
This is the 12th of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. This presentation wraps up my discussion of the history of technologies used to enhance and extend human cognition. Because most of what I had planned for this talk has already been covered and/or discussed in the previous presentations, I thought that it would be much better to take the chance for a general review discussion of the main take-home messages to now, and to give a preview what remains to be covered in the second half of the series.
Episode 3(3): Birth & explosion of the World Wide Web - Meetup session11William Hall
This is the 11th of of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. In presentation I show how a universally accessible library for the body of human knowledge emerged from what started as defense projects to interconnect various projects so they could share computer resources and to harden digital communications against nuclear warfare. Tonight's topics cover:
● ARPANET and the invention of addressable digital communications
● Vannevar Bush, Memex, and the revolutionary invention of hypertext
● Revolutionary tools for authoring, managing, and delivering hypertext
● Exponential growth of the web and web content
● Using the Web's automated cognition for assembling and retrieving relevant knowledge
Episode 3(2): Automating storage, management & retrieval of knowledge - Meetu...William Hall
This is the 10th of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. Here I show how preserving knowledge externally to the human mind extends cognitive processes beyond the single individual to social and automated systems. Information science covers the dissemination, indexing, management and retrieval of scholarly, scientific and technical knowledge. Topics include:
● Moving indexes and the whole library on-line
● Principles of indexing and semantic retrieval
● Increasing costs of publishing paper and managing physical libraries
● The research library is dead - long live the World Library of the knowledge society
Scientific knowledge growth cyclet
Episode 3(1): Cognitive tools for the individual - Meetup session 9William Hall
This is the 9th of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. Here I discuss how ersonal computers give individuals cognitive tools to convert thoughts into explicit electronically realized objects that can be independently stored, copied, communicated, retrieved, shared and even processed semantically:
● Word processors replace the paradigm of structured pigment on inert andponderous paper into durable but infinitely malleable electronic documents.
● Calculators and spreadsheets automate and give life to the structured patterns of numbers and symbols on paper.
● Databases extend and automate two dimensional tabular formats on paper into multiple dimensions
● The revolutionary differences between electronic documents and symbols and words on paper are still not fully understood by those who use them
● The paradigm of a structured document is even more revolutionary in that it enables external automation to understand syntax and semantics to cognitively process document content
Episode 2(2): Electronic automation and computation - Meetup session 8William Hall
This is the 8th of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. This this session explores the consequences of adding electrons to the automation equation in the 1940's, which fueled the hyperexponential evolution of technology that during my lifetime has radically changed and today and tomorrow continues to change the nature of humans and humanity. Topics include:
● The revolutionary generations of electronic computer technology
● Introducing Moore's Law - a theme that will be returned to several times in the remainder of the book
● Revolutions in the application of control (i.e., strategic power): from manipulating switches to casting spells.
Episode 2(1): Mechanical automation and calculating - Meetup session 7William Hall
This is the first of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. This 7th session explores how mechanical computation and automation in the ancient Greek world contributed to the rise of mechanical computation in the first half of the 20th Century. Topics include:
● Extending human capabilities with automation and automated replication
● Showing that the ancient Greeks were a lot smarter than many people know -
○ the 2100 year old Antikythera Mechanism was used to compute astronomical events
○ the use of automation added magic to temple spectacles
● Greek automation seems to have contributed to 18th Century androids and automatons
● The contribution to escapements, clocks, and mechanical digital computation through the mid 20th Century
Without writing and printing, forgotten knowledge is lost knowledge
Episode 1: Early technologies for making living memory explicit - Meetup sess...William Hall
This is the 6th of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. This 6th session covers the emergence of technologies for transcribing ephemeral thought onto semi-permanent physical objects and some human impacts of these technologies, including the topics:
● ephemerality and fallibility of living memory versus physically changing the external world
● requirements to count things in order to participate in society and commerce
● tokens, words, alphabets, writing and clerical/scribal society
● paper, printing, and typesetting revolutions make clerical knowledge public
● accumulating explicit knowledge: books, journals, libraries and cataloging
Understanding the adaptive value of knowledge - Meetup session 5William Hall
This is the 5th of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. Issues raised in the book's Counter Subject are explored:
(1) Relating data, information, knowledge, wisdom.
(2) Understanding the transformation of data, information and knowledge into strategic power over external circumstances.
(3) Understanding evolutionary and revolutionary adaptations to life's problems.
Epistemology, technology and knowledge growth - Meetup session 4William Hall
This is the 4th of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. Here I get into the Subject or meat of the book, building on Karl Popper's evolutionary epistemology and Thomas Kuhn's scientific revolutions.
Reading and writing a massive online hypertext - Meetup session 3William Hall
This is the third of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. This 3rd session covers three things about the hypertext: (1) how it reflects scholarly/scientific understanding, (2) how this is implemented and may be published, and (3) my apps toolkit.
Application Holy Wars theme and why the book was writtenWilliam Hall
This is the second of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. In this second introductory session, I'll discuss how evolutionary biology (PhD Harvard 1973) and 17+ years managing engineering knowledge led to this new kind of "book". In the process I'll introduce some key ideas from my life history that resonate throughout the book.
Introducing a new way to explore evolution of human knowledge & technologyWilliam Hall
This is the first of 23 presentations in a series introducing and outlining my hypertext book project, "Application Holy Wars or a New Reformation - A Fugue on the Theory of Knowledge. The project explores the interactions of technology and cognition in the extraordinary evolutionary history of the human species. This first session introduces and outlines the project.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
RAT: Retrieval Augmented Thoughts Elicit Context-Aware Reasoning in Long-Hori...
Failing to learn from Australia’s most successful defence project
1. Failing to learn from Australia’s
most successful defence project
William P. Hall
President
Kororoit Institute Proponents and Supporters
Assoc., Inc. - http://kororoit.org
Documentation & Knowledge Management
Systems Analyst (Ret.)
Tenix Defence
william-hall@bigpond.com
http://www.orgs-evolution-knowledge.net
Access my research papers from
Google Citations
SIRF 2nd KM Roundtable 2015, South Melbourne,
26/5/2015
2. After profitably
completing 10 ANZAC
Frigates on-time, on-
budget
3 Air Warfare
Destroyers are $2 Bn
over budget & 3 yrs
late
—
Why?
Greg Sheridan in the Australian 22 May 2015 -
Warships cost blows out to $9bn
3. Tenix Defence’s $7 BN ANZAC Ship Project was the
most successful Defence Project in Australian History
3
Late 1989-2007 built & delivered 10 modern frigates
– 8 to the Royal Australian Navy
– 2 to the Royal New Zealand Navy
– Different customers, different languages, different systems
– Plethora of engineering changes affecting everything
– Stringently fixed price contract & delivery schedule
– Required to achieve 80% Australia/New Zealand content
– Fixed acceptance dates, major penalty/warranty clauses
How is ANZAC’s success measured?
– Every ship on time
– No cost overruns
– Healthy company profit ! A success by any standard!
– Happy customers
– A project you probably never heard of (no bad press)
Tenix auctioned its Defence assets in 2007 because it
could not complete a $500 M project for New Zealand
4. What did the “Marine Division” do?
In the mid 1980’s, except for fishing boats & tugs the Australian
shipbuilding industry was effectively dead
– Two part completed Adelaide class (FFG Frigates) rusting on slipway
of the gov’t owned/managed Williamstown Naval Dockyard
– Labor productivity was close to zero
– Thuggery, theft and fraud were rampant in the dockyard
Privatized by AMEC AMECON Transfield Defence Systems
Tenix Defence Systems Tenix Defence
– Bid for and won ANZAC Ship Project (ASP)
– Completed engineering design & production planning
– Negotiated $BNs of subcontracts from weapons systems to paint
– While successfully completing 2 rusting FFG hulks
– Mobilized an excellent team for ANZAC
– Completed design & engineering based on German MEKO 2
– Built & managed crew training facilities
– Began tech data/production of entire documentation suite
– Successfully completed 10 ANZAC Frigates on time, on budget,
healthy company profit, happy customers4
5. The ANZAC experience shows Australians can build
ships
5
Hugely demanding project
– Complex/ever-changing engineering demands (engineering changes!)
– ANZIP requirements to use local industry
– Life-cycle costing
– Test, Evaluation and Validation requirements: 10 ship years
– Fixed price for everything - including crew training, operator
manuals, technical data/documentation, logistic support & spares
Mistakes made, lessons learned
– Hard lessons in what didn't work led to solutions
– In-house R&D with innovation rescued bad situations and still showed
a profit
Benefits maximized with locally developed solutions
– Reduced costs and risks
– Allowed guidance of IP development to meet our needs
– Informal and formal partnership opportunities (the "home team")
6. Neither the company nor Defence seem to have
learned anything from the ANZAC success
Tenix failed to complete its next significant project
– $500 M to complete 7 simple ships for New Zealand
A RO-RO transport
2 offshore patrol vessels all to Lloyds commercial certification
4 inshore vessels
– A year into the project it was clear the company was way over
budget and would finish years behind schedule.
– Owners auctioned all (~$1 BN) Defence assets in 2007 to escape
Today: Government-owned ASC the lead shipbuilder for $8 BN
build of 3 Air Warfare Destroyers
– (Ex) Defence Minister David Johnston 25 Nov. 2014, “ASC couldn’t
build a canoe”
– AWD now ~ $2 billion over budget, 3 years behind schedule and
probably still sinking
– Australian shipbuilding headed for a “Valley of Death” around 2020
where there will be no active projects to maintain skills
Government working to send future Defence work offshore
6
}
8. Qualifications as an observer
Background
– PhD Evolutionary Biology (Harvard 1973)
– Migrated to Australia
– 1980-1989
Operated word processing bureau to pay for my own setup
Became interested in impact of personal computers on people
Computer literacy education & journalism
Tech communicator & documentation manager software house
– Corp Services tech writer & doco mgr for Bank of Melbourne
1990 – 2007 Tenix
2001 started sporadic work on hypertext book
exploring co-evolution of human cognition & technology
2010-2011 course dev’t with EA Principals incl. gaining
TOGAF® 9 enterprise architecture certification8
9. AMECON Tenix Marine Division
Shipbuilding specific - Jan 1990 to ~2000
– Documentation systems analyst-designer
(Commercial) T&C flowdown from prime contract to subcontracts
(Training) computer literacy, electronic file standards & retrieval
(ILS – support engineering)
– Contract analysis for documentation delivery
– Contract amendment to replace paper deliveries with electronic
– Contract analysis for ship TE&V and Operational Availability Recording and
Reporting requirements
– Analysis & design of OAARSystem to prove Tenix met AO requirements
– Design of 3 generations of authoring & electronic delivery systems for
electronic tech data & documentation (e.g., knowledge of how to maintain
the ships usable by computers & people)
– ILS & Systems Engineering representative on Shipbuilding Systems Project to
implement enterprise resource planning system (failed)
– ILS & Systems Engineering rep on implementation of Product Lifecycle
Management system (partial failure)
– Bid team support (documentation controller / expert)
– Opportunity analyist (KM products / services)
9
10. Tenix Defence Head Office ~2000-2007
Leader of Requirements and Contracts Engineering (RACE) Online
to promote XML standards for Defence tenders and contracts
Designed state of the art PLM system for Tenix Land (M113 UP)
Under GM Strategy & Development (soon disbanded)
– Co-leader audit of engineering software applications & requirements
– Team leader corporate knowledge management audit
KM Analyst in Engineering Head Office under R&D Manager
– Heavy involvement in implementation of corporate KM Portal (LiveLink)
– KM policy development
– Involvement in developing content management proposals for Tenix’s
“shipbuilder” bid for the AWD project to cope with Defence’s proposed
consortium structure for the project
– Facilitated development of cross-divisional CoPs for engineering/ILS
– Sponsorship & guidance for two interns completing PhDs in KM areas
– Development & prototyping (with KM intern) a knowledge mapping and sharing
strategy for transferring critical personal knowledge from ANZAC Ship
Project to NZ Project Protector
10
11. Key papers describing lessons (not) learned
[click underlined title for full paper]
[Document management] Hall, W.P. 2003. Managing maintenance knowledge in the
context of large engineering projects - Theory and case study. Journal of
Information and Knowledge Management, 2(3), 1-17.
[Data] Sykes, M. Hall, W. P. 2003. Generating fleet support knowledge from data
and information. Australian Conference for Knowledge Management & Intelligent
Decision Support ACKMIDS 2003 Melbourne, Australia, 11 and 12 December 2.
[Product Lifecycle Management] Hall, W.P. and Brouwers, P. 2004. The CMIS
solution for Tenix's M113 program. MatrixOne Innovation Summit. Shangri-La's
Rasa Sentosa Resort, Singapore, 12 - 14 August, 2004.
[Project Management] Hall, W.P., Richards, G., Sarelius, C., Kilpatrick, B. 2008.
Organisational management of project and technical knowledge over fleet
lifecycles. Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 5(2):81-95.
[Personal knowledge] Nousala, S., Miles, A., Kilpatrick, B., Hall, W.P. 2005. Building
knowledge sharing communities using team expertise access maps (TEAM).
Proceedings, KMAP05 Knowledge Management in Asia Pacific Wellington, N.Z. 28-
29 November 2005.
[KM failures] Hall, W.P., Nousala, S., Kilpatrick B. 2009. One company – two
outcomes: knowledge integration vs corporate disintegration in the absence of
knowledge management. VINE: The journal of information and knowledge
management systems 39(3), 242-258.11
12. One organization
—
three generations
two eras
1956 – 1988: Prelude
1989 – 2000: Mobilization & expansion
2001 – 2007: Closeout & failure
2008 - 2014: Extinction
13. Three generations of
Sydney-based family companies
Transfield Holdings 1988-1995 (private partnership)
– Founded 1956 Franco Belgiorno-Nettis & Carlo Saltieri
– Engineering projects (infrastructure & plant maintenance)
1988 Transfield Defence Systems founded to bid on ANZAC
1989 Sons, Paul Salteri & Franco Belgiorno-Zegna, MDs
1996 Gen 2 family differences split company – Defence assets to
Salteri; remainder plus Transfield name to Belgiorno-Nettis
1996-2001 Paul Salteri expanded from Marine
– Tenix Defence: + aerospace, + land, + electronic systems
– + civil infrastructure, + civil aviation, + computer
systems development, + local government data mgmt
2001 Robert Salteri (3rd generation) appointed as CEO
– 2007 auctioned “some or all” Tenix assets, finalized sale of all
Defence assets to BAe Systems early 2008
– 2014 last infrastructure maintenance assets sold to Downer EDI13
14. Marine born in 1988 as an innovative new organization
soon acquired by the family company
Eglo Engineering with Dr John White lobbied to start Submarine
project & joined a failed bid to win the Collins Class contract
In 1986-7 Eglo formed AMEC as a publicly owned consortium with
ICAL, & (W) Australian Shipbuilding Industries to bid on pending
ANZAC Ship project
– Late 87 AMEC won bid to privatize dysfunctional Williamstown Naval
Dockyard in competition with private Transfield Defence Systems
1988 Transfield acquired all AMEC stock and renamed company
to AMECON in early 88, retaining some staff from Eglo & Ical
Under Dr John White AMECON closed Dockyard
– Terminated all Dockyard labor & management staff
– With ACTU agreement, replaced 23 unions, 30 awards & 390
classifications with 3 unions and 1 award and 2 classifications
– Rehired selected dockyard people of “good reputation” and many
years of living knowledge
– Recruited / contracted engineering talent needed to bid/design
ANZACs (other industry, Navy, overseas)
14
15. 1989 – 2000
—
Mobilization & Expansion
“good times” in Marine while owners
& executives were occupied with
family feuds and acquisitions
16. John White (from Eglo) turned dysfunctional WND into
internationally competitive shipyard on its 36 acre (14.5 ha) site
16
Sheet steel & components in
Completed ships & operating
knowledge out
Modular construction
– Big components easy to
install in modules before
consolidation
– Module construction could
be subcontracted out
17. Defence systems started with the “Marine Division”
High turnover (generally < 3 yrs) in Williamstown senior mgmt
– Hired to manage specific project phases
– No tolerance for “mistakes”
– No opportunity to learn corporate history or “on the job”
– Once the work was mobilized, senior management contributed little
to effective workings of the ANZAC Ship Project (“ASP”)
Marine used as cash cow to support acquisitions
Engineering, technical and production staff were the “heart”
– Plenty of 10 & 15 year pins (e.g., select staff from WND)
– Proud/excited to be designing, building & supporting Australian ships
– Major family turnouts to watch their ships being launched
– Worked and often socialized as teams
– Actively worked to understand what the Contract required
– Made mistakes, identified problems and solved them
– Worked very long hours to ensure project success
Large component of self- and emergent-management17
18. Unique aspects of the ANZAC Ship Project Contract
helped to determine how the organization worked
Client project authority was bi-national (nationally variant ships)
Contract specified capabilities to be delivered not specific
products/systems
80% Australia /New Zealand Industry Participation by value
Foreign (German) design to be engineered & built in Australia
Fixed price contract (1989 $ with escalation) / fixed schedule
– Ships & systems
– Shore based simulators, & complete ship crew training package
– Logistic support costs
Initial consumables + supply chain/rotable pool/insurance spares
Complete technical data / operational and maintenance documentation
deliverables
Warranty requirement to prove over 10 ship-years that ships
were operationally available (AO) at least 90% of time
– Major test of design, engineering, training, maintenance knowledge
– Tenix required to develop acceptable methodology to prove this
Major liquidated damages for schedule milestone breaches18
19. Problem areas requiring development & deployment of
specialist knowledge
Solved major problems & issues largely unique to defence proj.
– Engineering subcontracts fully reflect prime contract obligations
– Acquisition of required IP from system subcontractors to build,
document & maintain ships
– Modular construction with dimensional control methods/technologies
– Welding technologies & training
– Contract amendment & subcontract management
– Cost & schedule control & reporting
– Inventory mgm’t & tracking (Project Authority takes ownership of
most stuff when delivered on site)
– Configuration management for tracking engineering change control
– “Issue 4” Safety critical documentation authoring & management
must track eng. changes throughout ship lifecycles
– Both human maintainers and computerized maintenance
management systems must understand safety-critical tech
data/documentation
Problems identified and managed locally
– Internal solutions and innovation / Locally managed R&D19
21. Test, evaluation & validation of operational
availability (AO)
Contractual requirement to prove that ~18 different critical
systems were each individually available for operations 80% of
time and all of the systems together were available 90% of time
– Major test of design and adequacy of design engineering, maintenance
planning & routines, maintainer training, ILS support and sparing philosophy
– Had to be proved from evidence collected from first 10 ship-years in service
(Ship 1 x 4 yrs, Ship 2 x 3 years, Ship 3 x 2 yrs, Ship 4 x 1 yr)
In-house team designed and implemented OAARS system to
calculate down-times from data on component failures recorded
in ship-board maintenance management systems
– System had to work with Navy’s AMPS maintenance management system
– Calculation involved an availability tree hierarchy to determine impact of
individual component failure on availability of critical system(s) and ship
Solution worked so well that Navy adopted AMPS and OAARS
for all ships except submarines (that had another maintenance
management system)
21
22. Shipbuilding Systems Project (from ~1996)
Problem: costly nugatory work and rework in production
– Management solution focused on better bean counting: implement
manufacturing resource planning system
– Hired outside IT project mgmt “consultants” to work with IS
First try
– 1+ yr implementing BaaN system designed for continuous manufacturing and
auto industry that did not understand Defence tracking requirements
– Neither consultants nor vendor staff experienced with defence projects
– Tenix rejected first implementation
Second try
– Vendor returned with version implemented for Boeing in Seattle
– Consultant/vendor staff still didn’t understand new defence-related functions
– I was able to explain, but Tenix lost confidence in vendor
– Consultant/vendor told to get off the site and take their junk with them
Cost
– 15-20 ~ staff full-time x 2 yrs each on both sides – time completely wasted
– ~ $10-20 million completely wasted with zero economic return!
Shipyard work was efficient, the real problems were managing
engineering knowledge & change before steelwork began
– Area addressed by Product Data / Project Lifecycle Management (PDM/PLM)22
23. Product Data Management
In-house PDM assessment group formed to select solution
– Staffed by systems, design, & support engineers
– Reviewed & ranked all viable systems, eMatrix ranked 1
Finance and admin dithered for almost a year to approve project
– Last ranked system (Sherpa) presentation to management given by a
person who understood Defence contracting better than we did
We already had a first generation Sherpa system & Navy used it
Sherpa spaghetti code was very slow and unmaintainable with poor in-
country support
GM Engineering forced decision against c’ty recommendations despite
presentation of evidence that Sherpa was failing
– IS began implementing system as Sherpa IP was being auctioned
Sherpa never did what Tenix needed
Engineering change management problem was solved with end-
user designed/managed systems implemented in-house (see Issue
4 and Crossbow, below)
23
24. Issue 4 (“documentaton quality”) – document &
content management was critical for whole project
Contract assumed all documentation would be delivered on paper
– Navy decided to implement computerized maintenance management (AMPS)
– Tenix didn’t want the monstrous problems of keeping paper current
– Negotiated a zero cost amendment to deliver data + doco into AMPS
All tech data & doco would have to parse in relational AMPS and be
usable by human maintainers as maintenance instructions
– 2000+ maintenance routines per ship x 10 ships (+ onshore subsets)
All key codes must parse for relational system to work
Impossible to provide by human authors using word processing systems
3 different doco systems used/tested - none could deliver flawless data + doco
– Issue 4 crisis
If data & documentation deliveries for Ship 4 milestone didn’t parse correctly ship 5
would not be accepted triggering ~$30 m liquidated damages, schedule slippage &
reputational damage
SGML/content management R&D project evaluated technology & systems
– All credible overseas & local systems evaluated – best was RMIT’s SIM to be
implemented by Aspect Computing (product renamed TeraText).
– F&A did not understand problem or technology & never signed contract
– Operations manager diverted “time & materials” funds from operations
– Complete success – still in use today? reduced support doco costs 70-90%
on initial budget; half the solution to engineering change management
24
25. Established architecture integrating Tenix’s product
configuration and document content mgmt
25
Product data and
documents are
structured and
managed as content
Production data is
transactional and is
managed as records
and fields
MRP / PRODUCTION MGMT
• MBOM
• Production planning
• Production schedule
• Procurement
• Warehousing
• Establish & release workorders
Project
Schedule
HRM
Accounting
CS2
Capability requirements Documentation requirements
PRODUCT MANAGEMENT
(structured designs)
MODELS:
• Component definitions
• Component hierarchies
- System
- Physical structural
- Availability
OBJECTS MANAGED
• Drawings
• Parts lists
• Configurations
• Component specifications
and attributes
DOCUMENT CONTENT
(structured documents)
MODELS:
• Element definitions
- Content
- Attributes
• Element hierarchies
• Element sequences
OUTPUT OBJECTS
• Contract/subcontract
documents
• Procedures/instructions
• Deliverable documents
• All other controlled
documents
COMMON REQUIREMENTS
• Config control / Change mgmt
- Develop/Author
- Release
- Applicability, Effectivity
• Workflow management
- Configuration changes
- Document changes
- Other business objects
• Track and control source data
Link element to component
Manage elements
Omega PS
LSAR Database
EBOMEBOM
Catalogue
Drawings
ENGINEERING
CHANGE
See eMatrix, Windchill, TeamCenter
Contract
Implementing this architecture for the
ANZAC Ships reduced time for engineering
changes from months to more than a year to
weeks or even a day or two if needed.
26. Maintenance knowledge improvement cycle in practice
for ANZAC Ships
Developed OARRS in-house to test
if contracted availability
thresholds were met over 10 ship-
years of operational experience
– Hired programmers to complete
coding and implement
– Met requirement with complete
success
Management decided not to patent
and market
Project taken over by outside
contractors working for Navy and
renamed Class Systems Analysis
and Reporting System (CSARS)
– Adopted by RAN for all naval ships
except submarines
Provided a closed & continuous
feedback loop to validate &
improve maintenance routines/
documentation
26
CONTRACTS
TECHNICAL
MAINTENANCE
PLANS
SUPPLIER SOURCE
DOCUMENTS
SAFETY
CORRESPONDENCE
ENGINEERING
CHANGES
AUDIT AND LOGISTICS
ANALYSIS
TECH AUTHOR
MAINT. ENGINEER
ILS DB / LSAR DB
• Line item details
• Config details
• Eng. Changes
CLASS SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND
REPORTING SOFTWARE
MAINTENANCE AUDIT FUNCTION
TERATEXT
DB
CSARS
ONBOARD
ASSET MAINTENANCE
PLANNING SYSTEM
AMPSCOMPLETION
REPORT
CLIENT
MASTER
DATA FILES
MAINTAINER COMPLETING
MAINTENANCE ACTION
ASPMIS
TRANSFER
SHIP SPECIFIC
CONFIGURED
MAINTENANCE
ROUTINES
TENIX
CLIENT
27. Crossbow – rationalized and consolidated key eng data
replicated across 15 separate systems
27
Critical information on ship/
system parts found on up to
15 different databases
– Spreadsheets, …, RDB
– Different ID systems used
in different DBs
– Typos & transcription errors
In house support engineer recruited from RAAF developed data
rationalization/ warehouse called Crossbow
– Matched similar/identical items across DBs & managed coms to
synchronize on a single identifier for each part
– Recorded current & historical states of all DBs
– Provided point in time tracking of all changes & corrections
– Single user interface allowed easy navigation across all databases
– Client deliveries and access to Tenix data provided via Crossbow
Tenix belatedly tried and failed to commercialize product
29. Tenix Land implemented fully integrated Configuration
Management Information System for M113 UP
29
CMIS
MRP
Production
Procurement
RAM
Relex
Opus
LSA
TeraText SGML
TECHNICAL
PUBLICATIONS
CAD
ACAD
CATIA
LORA
CMIS
MRP
Production
Procurement
RAM
Relex
Opus
LSALSA
TeraText SGML
TECHNICAL
PUBLICATIONS
CAD
ACAD
CATIA
LORALORA
MRP = Mfg. Resource Planning
CAD = Computer Aided Design
LORA = Level of Repair Analysis
RAM = Reliability & Maintainability
LSA = Logistic Support Analysis
System implemented to
manage all project
related documentation
through entire product
lifecycle
Executives never
understood what
CMIS could do, and
middle managers who
did all left Tenix in
frustration
Travel not authorized
for effective liaison
between Land &
Marine
30. Background
Contract: All configuration management in M113
Project according to
– TRAMM (Technical Regulation Army Maint Mgmt)
– MIL-STD-973 (Configuration management)
Other standards
– Naming follows H6 (US Fed Item Name Directory)
– NATO Commodity Codes forms part type
– Final development based on S1000D XML standard
for documentation
Rule: CMIS manages all tech data for all projects
– Engineering data
– Source documents
– Technical Publication content
No part released until all metadata correct
31. CMIS was conceived as an "umbrella" system
Integration of MatrixOne and TeraText
Single user interface via MatrixOne
Data normalization applies to all project data and
document components from the start
MatrixOne provided common workflow management
environment for entire project
Single point:
– electronic signoff (no paper chases!)
– engineering change management and tracking at light speed
– cost and schedule control prior to signoff
The umbrella covers everything!
32. CMIS recognized that engineering knowledge was
Tenix’s most important asset
Data and documentation are the most important
assets to the company
CMIS is the custodian AND guardian of the Company’s
data and documents
– Secure Vaults and Stores
– Encrypted
– Access control
CM II compliant
– Only recognized commercial CM doctrine
– Qualified by Institute of CM
– CM Manager was only CM II qualified certifier in Australia
Understood how everything went together to deliver
the capabilities the client wanted
35. Serial production & closeout of ANZACs
Specialist “close-out” GM blocked transfer of living knowledge
by isolating ASP serial production from other activities
– Staff required to account for every half hour against cost code in
work breakdown structure
– ASP behind security fence with swipe card access only
– Non ASP staff required GM signature to visit ASP staff
– Chatting around water cooler & coffee breaks seen as time wasting
Costly engineers/senior staff outsourced or given redundancy
ASP IS decided to replace the working Crossbow “kludge”
– Navy selected TeamCenter as their PDM system for ships in service
Land’s MatrixOne solution was offered
Suspect selection – key Navy selectors became TeamCenter employees
– ASP chose TeamCenter because Navy was going to use it rather than
Matrixone CMIS system that was fully operational in Adelaide
– ASP and IS spent millions trying to implement TeamCenter as
shipbuilder system for ANZAC Ships
Could not manage complexity of ASP
Still wasn’t fully working when Tenix Defence taken over by BAe Systems35
36. Mobilizing Project Protector to build 7 new ships for
New Zealand
Anticipating Protector, I established an R&D project in Head Office to
develop & prototype strategy to map and facilitate transfer of lessons
learned from ASP to Protector
– IS spec. projects analyst, sr C&S controller, KM intern, programmer
– Identified major areas of project risk
– Knowledge map used to guide interviews
– Narratives, nuggets, metadata gathered in Crossbow to facilitate navigation
& exploration for possible solutions
– Proposed to introduce people experienced in risk areas in Q&A sessions
New engineering staff hired “off the street” at low salaries
– Engineering graduates or industrial qualifications
– Few had defence, mobilization, shipbuilding, or CM experience
Knowledge transfer activities blocked three times by line managers
– Too busy
– Time wasted against “critical activities” in work breakdown items
Chose not to implement working CMIS system from Land in Adelaide
– IS chose to implement cheap & simple Croatian shipyard management system
– 3+ months into project still didn’t know how to set up configuration IDs
– Would not pay air fare for CM expert in Adelaide to help
36
38. Executives never seemed to understand organizational
imperatives for their own company
What are “organizational imperatives”? (my usage differs)
Things the organization must do successfully in order to continue its
existence and flourish in its real world physical, environmental, and economic
circumstances.
– Imperatives depend on the nature of the organization and its environment
– Imperatives exist independently of management beliefs, strategies, goals and
mission statements – physics always trumps belief
– Organizations failing to satisfy their imperatives in one way or another will
not thrive and may fail
Imperatives for an engineering project manager (e.g., Tenix)
– Qualify and win suitable contracts (find customers)
– Successfully complete contracts won (satisfy customers)
– Ensure overall operational profitability
– Maintain workforce able to address imperatives
– Comply with health, safety and environmental standards
– Comply with governmental regulations
– Satisfy all of the above imperatives
Don’t divert effort/resources to activities that don’t address
imperatives38
39. Never learned how to reliably win contracts
Never understood the power/dangers of electronic documents
– Put MS Word in hands of contract engineers and typists who used
wordprocessor like a typewriter
– Multiple authors worked on same electronic files
Internal R&D project proposed to replace MS Word authoring
environment with authoring & configuration management
environment used in-house for ANZAC documentation
– Would have reduced bid cost/hours by more than 50% allowing
resources to be applied to more/better crafted bids
– Support engineering (but not IS) had expertise to implement it
– Payoff time a year or less or immediately an “extra” bid is won
Executives / F&A did not believe or understand concepts
Only 3 bids won (including Protector) in 17 years after ANZAC
Should have won Air Warfare Destroyer bid
– Tenix lost to ASC on a “value for money” basis
– Scuttlebutt said that F&A had costed work not required in RFT
Tenix unable to successfully complete $500 M Protector
– Won $ 2 BN LHD project as company was being auctioned
39
40. 40
SYSTEMB
SYSTEMA
50+ ENGINEERS & ANALYSTS ENTERING OWN WORK
APPROXIMATELY 600+ INDIVIDUAL WORD PROCESSED DOCUMENTS INCLUDED IN TENDER
EACH INDIVIDUAL ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT FILE WILL BE WORKED ON BY MANY AUTHORS
ENGINEERS & ANALYSTS CREATE AND TYPE, LOCATE AND AMALGAMATE DATA & OBJECTS
PRINT? - REVIEW & EDIT / RETURN FOR CHANGE, PRINT? - REVIEW & EDIT AGAIN
1000’S OF SOURCE DATA ITEMS - MAY BE WP DOCUMENTS PRODUCED IN-HOUSE,
PREVIOUS TENDERS, DDS DOCS, SUPPLIER SOURCE DATA IN UNKNOWN FORMAT,
STANDARDS, GRAPHICS, SPREADSHEETS, DRAWINGS, CLIENT DOCUMENTS, ETC
COORDINATOR AND DOCO PRODUCTION TEAM PRINT 600+ FILES & ASSEMBLE REVIEW VOLUMES
SUMMARY
SYSTEMC
SUMMARY
SYSTEMA
SYSTEMB
SYSTEMC
SYSTEMD
SYSTEMY
SYSTEMZ
SUMMARY
SYSTEMA
SYSTEMB
SYSTEMC
SYSTEMD
SYSTEMY
SYSTEMZ
SUMMARY
SYSTEMA
SYSTEMB
SYSTEMC
SYSTEMD
SYSTEMY
SYSTEMZ
SUMMARY
SYSTEMA
SYSTEMB
SYSTEMC
SYSTEMD
SYSTEMY
SYSTEMZ
SUMMARY
SYSTEMA
SYSTEMB
SYSTEMC
SYSTEMD
SYSTEMY
SYSTEMZ
COORDINATOR & DOCO PRODUCTION TEAM VALIDATE 900+ ELECTRONIC FILES AGAINST DID CONTENTS
DOCO PRODUCTION
TEAM PRINT MASTER
COPY FROM CD
DIRECTORY
DATA CONTROL PRINTS COPIES
DOCO PRODUCTION
TEAM TRANSFER
VALIDATED
SUBDIRECTORIES TO
CD DIRECTORY -
BURN CD ROM
SENIOR MANAGERS REVIEW & EDIT CONTENT / STYLE ETC.
To win a bid you
have to draft it
• Tenix’s bid authoring
and doco management
systems didn’t work
– Time tightly limited
– Paper procedures applied
to electronic documents
– 50% of bid engineers’
work lost/nugatory
– Could not standardise doco
– No traceability/tracking
– Revision control not
enforced
– Final stage crises
– Chaos
• Resulting bids
– Costly in time & personnel
resources
– Poor costing of work bid
– Sloppy presentation
– Late
– Incomplete
– Full of errors
DOCO PRODUCTION TEAM ASSEMBLES 900+ FILES INTO SUB-DIRECTORIES
TECHNICAL SUPERVISORS AND MANAGERS REVIEW & EDIT TECH CONTENT
TEXT EDITOR PROOFS FOR READABILITY AND ENGLISH USAGE
41. Problems inherent(?) in the family business led to its
demise in the third generation
All major ANZAC problems solved by 2001 acceptance of Ship 5
– In 2001 strict command and control hierarchy was instituted under
closeout GM to squeeze last cent out of “serial production”
– Most engineers “outsourced” to labor hire companies, hived off
to other divisions, or made redundant asap.
Construction industry bean counting mentality
– Used to hiring/contracting standardized management & trade skills
on a project by project basis
– Management bonuses based on retrospective “Tenix Added Value”
What they did in the past, not what they were doing for the future
– Little thought or understanding of the value of unique personal
knowledge, org. continuity & meeting organizational imperatives
– Staff not allowed to do anything not booked directly to a
contractual work item code
– Every half hour had to be accounted in time management system
41
42. The dead hand of absentee owners and Finance and
Administration mentality killed the company
Owners & senior execs worked from Tenix Tower in Sydney
– Isolated from all operating divisions (closest was Pukapunyal)
– Minimal provision for interstate travel between divisions & HO
Centralized command & control hierarchy
– North Sydney was a “black hole”: information in – nothing out
– Long chain of command with poor formal delegation of decisions
– Prior to 2001 many important decisions towards successful solutions
were made locally in default of / or even despite central authority.
Execs did not understand how to manage or value knowledge
– Ignored findings of contracted KM audit, several consultants & CIO
– Did not understand value of tacit or explicit knowledge
Finance & Administration mentality
– Knew cost of everything, value of nothing
– Sr mgmt bonuses based on retrospective “Tenix Added Value”
– Information Systems a department under F&A
IS had little understanding/consideration of end-user requirements
F&A would pay millions for hardware & software but little for
analysis & training42
43. Why does Defence think
Australians
can’t/shouldn’t build
warships & submarines?
—
Open for discussion