Erik Erikson developed eight stages of psychosocial development across the lifespan. Each stage involves a crisis between two opposing emotional forces or "contrary dispositions." If resolved successfully, one acquires a psychosocial strength or virtue that aids in future stages. However, failing a stage can result in maladaptations or malignancies with too little of the positive disposition and too much of the negative. The document outlines each stage from infancy to late adulthood, the opposing forces of each crisis, and associated virtues or problems from resolving the crisis poorly.

3. • Erikson’s ‘psychosocial’ term is
derived from the two source words –
namely psychological or the root,
‘psycho’ relating to the mind, brain,
personality etc. and ‘social’ or
external relationships and
environment, both at the heart of
Erikson’s theory.

4. • Each stage involves a psychosocial
crisis of two opposing emotional
forces. A useful term is used by
Erikson for these opposing forces
is ‘contrary disposition’. Each crisis
stage relates to a corresponding life
stage and its inherent challenges.

5. •Erikson used the word ‘syntonic’
for the first-listed ‘positive’
dispositions in each crisis and
‘dystonic’ for the second-listed
dispositions. Erikson connected
them with the word ‘versus’.

6. •If a stage is manage well, we carry
away a certain virtue or psychosocial
strength which will help us true the rest
of the stages of our lives. Successfully
passing through each crisis involve
‘achieving’ a ratio or balance between
the two opposing dispositions that
represent each crisis.

7. •On the other hand, if we don’t do so well,
we may develop maladaptations and
malignancies, as well as endanger all our
future development. A malignancy is the
worse of the two, and involves too little of
the positive and too much of the negative
aspect of the task. A maladaptation is not
quite as bad and involves too much of the
positive and too little of the negative.

8. The 8 Psychosocial Stages of Development
STAGE 1 STAGE I
INFANCY
Too much TRUST Too much MISTRUST
MALADAPTATION Psychosocial Crisis MALIGNANCY
Sensory TRUST vs. MISTRUST Withdrawal
maladjustment
VIRTUE
HOPE

9. STAGE 2
STAGE II
EARLY CHILDHOOD
Too much AUTONOMY Too much SHAME
Psychosocial Crisis
MALADAPTATION MALIGNANCY
AUTONOMY vs. SHAME
Impulsiveness Compulsiveness
and DOUBT
VIRTUE
DETERMINATION

10. STAGE 3
STAGE III
EARLY CHILDHOOD
Too much INITIATIVE Too much GUILT
MALADAPTATION Psychosocial Crisis MALIGNANCY
Ruthlessness INITIATIVE vs. GUILT Inhibition
VIRTUE
COURAGE

11. STAGE 4
STAGE IV
SCHOOL-AGE STAGE
Too much INDUSTRY Too much INFERIORITY
Psychosocial Crisis
MALADAPTATION MALIGNANCY
INDUSTRY vs.
Virtuosity Inertia
INFERIORITY
VIRTUE
COMPETENCY

12. STAGE 5
STAGE V
ADOLESCENCE
Too much EGO IDENTITY Too much ROLE CONFUSION
Psychosocial Crisis
MALADAPTATION MALIGNANCY
EGO IDENTITY vs. ROLE
Fanaticism Repudiation
CONFUSION
VIRTUE
FIDELITY

13. STAGE 6
STAGE VI
YOUNG ADULTHOOD
Too much INTIMACY Too much ISOLATION
MALADAPTATION Psychosocial Crisis MALIGNANCY
Promiscuity INTIMACY vs. Exclusion
ISOLATION
VIRTUE
LOVE

14. STAGE 7
STAGE VII
MIDDLE
ADULTHOOD
Too much GENERATIVITY Too much STAGNATION
MALADAPTATION Psychosocial Crisis MALIGNANCY
Over Extension GENERATIVITY vs. Rejectivity
STAGNATION
VIRTUE
CARE

15. STAGE 8
STAGE VIII
LATE ADULTHOOD
Too much INTEGRITY Too much DESPAIR
MALADAPTATION Psychosocial Crisis MALIGNANCY
Presumption INTEGRITY vs. DESPAIR Disdain
VIRTUE
WISDOM

17. Prepared by:
Yves Arboleda
Annalyn Tacardon
Glynis Madet
Tnx a listening !!