Bioclimatic design principle a solution to thermal discomfort in minna reside...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on improving thermal comfort in homes in Minna, Nigeria through bioclimatic design principles. The study found that 49% of residents surveyed felt uncomfortable in their homes during the day. It reviewed bioclimatic design features like orientation, construction materials, shading and passive ventilation. Case studies of bioclimatic homes in other regions showed how features like thermal mass walls, local materials, solar gain and geothermal heating/cooling improved comfort. The study area of Minna was described and plates showed traditional earth homes and modern designs. It was concluded that adopting bioclimatic principles with local materials could reduce indoor heat gain and passive strategies could balance temperatures.
This document discusses green buildings and sustainable design concepts. It begins by defining green buildings and their key features, such as their orientation for optimal sunlight and wind. It then discusses sustainable real estate development and how green buildings aim to balance environmental, social and economic sustainability. Green buildings conserve energy and resources, have less waste and impact on the environment. Rating systems like LEED have emerged to evaluate green buildings. Chennai, India has over 45 green certified structures due to the benefits of reduced costs and construction time. The five key elements of green building projects are discussed - sustainable site design, water conservation, energy efficiency, indoor environmental quality, and conservation of materials.
This document provides a case study on bioclimatic architecture at Sekeping Serendah, a private eco-retreat in Malaysia. It discusses how the retreat's shed designs use passive strategies like natural ventilation, daylighting, and shading to maintain thermal comfort without mechanical systems. The strategies are analyzed in relation to building comfort factors like temperature, humidity, and light levels. The document concludes that Sekeping Serendah successfully achieves comfort through bioclimatic principles that harmonize its buildings with the local climate and environment.
Bioclimatic design at the site planning scaleKomal Arora
Bioclimatic design aims to create buildings and spaces that meet energy needs without harming the environment. It focuses on integrating architectural design with local climate conditions like sunlight, wind and vegetation. Key principles include considering the local weather, reducing energy usage, and using passive solar heating and natural ventilation. Examples of bioclimatic design techniques at the site planning scale include using landforms and plants for wind protection, shading, and directing summer breezes to naturally condition outdoor spaces and buildings.
There is a brief and visual introduction to BioClimatic Architecture. I prepared it for some colleagues that wanted to know the basis of more natural-friendly buildings alternative to conventional building design.
I hope you enjoy this images that aim to make you feel the great possibilities of this homes :)
Feel free to comment and email me.
"Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
SUSTAINABLE: Ecological and economical way of living to make human kind healthy and happy
�ARCHITECTURE :The art and science of making buildings.
Includes technology as well as aesthetics
�
This document discusses principles of sustainable architecture that can be incorporated in designing film institutes and film studios. It discusses using local and natural materials, renewable energy sources, passive cooling and heating techniques, green roofs, and minimizing resource usage. Case studies of sustainable buildings like the Mati Ghar cultural center and Ken Yeang's conceptual Nara Tower are provided as examples of implementing these principles through features like natural ventilation systems, vertical landscaping, and optimized building forms.
This document discusses bioclimatic architecture and climate responsive design. It begins by defining climate responsive design as utilizing design strategies to minimize environmental impacts through an appropriate design response to the local climate. Bioclimatic design is a type of climate responsive design that starts with a climate analysis and focuses design strategies identified in bioclimatic charts. The document emphasizes that 40% of greenhouse gas emissions come from buildings, so architects should play a role in more environmentally conscious design. It defines bioclimatic architecture as designs based on scientific climate assessments to provide thermal and visual comfort while using natural resources.
Bioclimatic design principle a solution to thermal discomfort in minna reside...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on improving thermal comfort in homes in Minna, Nigeria through bioclimatic design principles. The study found that 49% of residents surveyed felt uncomfortable in their homes during the day. It reviewed bioclimatic design features like orientation, construction materials, shading and passive ventilation. Case studies of bioclimatic homes in other regions showed how features like thermal mass walls, local materials, solar gain and geothermal heating/cooling improved comfort. The study area of Minna was described and plates showed traditional earth homes and modern designs. It was concluded that adopting bioclimatic principles with local materials could reduce indoor heat gain and passive strategies could balance temperatures.
This document discusses green buildings and sustainable design concepts. It begins by defining green buildings and their key features, such as their orientation for optimal sunlight and wind. It then discusses sustainable real estate development and how green buildings aim to balance environmental, social and economic sustainability. Green buildings conserve energy and resources, have less waste and impact on the environment. Rating systems like LEED have emerged to evaluate green buildings. Chennai, India has over 45 green certified structures due to the benefits of reduced costs and construction time. The five key elements of green building projects are discussed - sustainable site design, water conservation, energy efficiency, indoor environmental quality, and conservation of materials.
This document provides a case study on bioclimatic architecture at Sekeping Serendah, a private eco-retreat in Malaysia. It discusses how the retreat's shed designs use passive strategies like natural ventilation, daylighting, and shading to maintain thermal comfort without mechanical systems. The strategies are analyzed in relation to building comfort factors like temperature, humidity, and light levels. The document concludes that Sekeping Serendah successfully achieves comfort through bioclimatic principles that harmonize its buildings with the local climate and environment.
Bioclimatic design at the site planning scaleKomal Arora
Bioclimatic design aims to create buildings and spaces that meet energy needs without harming the environment. It focuses on integrating architectural design with local climate conditions like sunlight, wind and vegetation. Key principles include considering the local weather, reducing energy usage, and using passive solar heating and natural ventilation. Examples of bioclimatic design techniques at the site planning scale include using landforms and plants for wind protection, shading, and directing summer breezes to naturally condition outdoor spaces and buildings.
There is a brief and visual introduction to BioClimatic Architecture. I prepared it for some colleagues that wanted to know the basis of more natural-friendly buildings alternative to conventional building design.
I hope you enjoy this images that aim to make you feel the great possibilities of this homes :)
Feel free to comment and email me.
"Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
SUSTAINABLE: Ecological and economical way of living to make human kind healthy and happy
�ARCHITECTURE :The art and science of making buildings.
Includes technology as well as aesthetics
�
This document discusses principles of sustainable architecture that can be incorporated in designing film institutes and film studios. It discusses using local and natural materials, renewable energy sources, passive cooling and heating techniques, green roofs, and minimizing resource usage. Case studies of sustainable buildings like the Mati Ghar cultural center and Ken Yeang's conceptual Nara Tower are provided as examples of implementing these principles through features like natural ventilation systems, vertical landscaping, and optimized building forms.
This document discusses bioclimatic architecture and climate responsive design. It begins by defining climate responsive design as utilizing design strategies to minimize environmental impacts through an appropriate design response to the local climate. Bioclimatic design is a type of climate responsive design that starts with a climate analysis and focuses design strategies identified in bioclimatic charts. The document emphasizes that 40% of greenhouse gas emissions come from buildings, so architects should play a role in more environmentally conscious design. It defines bioclimatic architecture as designs based on scientific climate assessments to provide thermal and visual comfort while using natural resources.
The document discusses the principles of energy efficient architecture and climate responsive design. It emphasizes modulating building conditions to keep them within the comfort zone throughout the day using landscape, form, materials and other passive design strategies. The goal is to analyze site conditions, climate data, and building program to inform the passive design of the building form, envelope, and energy systems to create sustainable habitats.
Sustainable architecture is architecture that seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, and development space.
Sustainable architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment.
The idea of sustainability, or ecological design, is to ensure that our actions and decisions today do not inhibit the opportunities of future generations.
Ken Yeang studied architecture at the Architectural Association in London, where he began questioning architecture's role in sustainability. In 1971, he became one of the first architects to pursue a PhD in ecological design at Cambridge University. Yeang's dissertation and later published work "Designing With Nature" established him as an early pioneer in green architecture. He is known for his research on applying bioclimatic and passive design principles to skyscrapers and other building types. Notable built works include his experimental "Roof-Roof" house and the award-winning Mesiniaga Tower, considered a model of bioclimatic skyscraper design.
This presentation is a basic introduction to the concepts underlying carbon neutral design. It looks at a LEED Platinum building that is also a carbon neutral building for some ideas as to how to achieve this goal.
This presentation was given at the OAA Convention in Toronto in 2009 and looks at the implications of the adoption of the 2030 Challenge. It also examines strategies to include to target low carbon design. Several low carbon buildings are studied.
Green architecture aims to minimize environmental impacts and prioritize sustainability. It focuses on efficient energy and water usage, non-toxic materials, and passive solar design. Green buildings provide environmental benefits like pollution reduction and conservation of resources, as well as economic benefits from reduced utility costs and improved occupant productivity. Sustainable design principles include considerations for site development, materials selection, energy efficiency, and indoor air quality.
The document provides information about TERI University located in New Delhi, India. It was established in 1998 and is spread over 2 acres of land. The campus was designed to be sustainable and energy efficient using techniques like passive solar design, daylighting, an earth air tunnel system for cooling, and rooftop solar panels. It aims to minimize its ecological footprint through sustainable design features and the use of renewable energy sources.
sustainable achitecture - introduction - design - need for it - elements - green roof , solar shingles , rain harvesting , cob houses - techniques - examples
1) The G Tower case study document discusses the passive design strategies used in the G Tower building in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. These strategies include building orientation, double glazing glass, vertical greenery, and more to reduce energy usage and improve indoor environmental quality.
2) Key passive design elements are building orientation adjusted to the northeast to minimize morning sun exposure, facade geometry subtraction, and use of double glazed low-emissivity glass to reduce heat transfer.
3) Additional sustainable features include rainwater harvesting, motion sensors, and green roofs to further reduce energy and water usage and improve indoor air quality.
The document discusses the Walian House designed by Malaysian architect Jimmy Lim. It aims to achieve environmental value through sustainable design and passive strategies to minimize solar heat gain. Some key features discussed include orienting the building to reduce direct sun exposure, incorporating an open courtyard to maximize cross ventilation, using existing Chengal timber salvaged from another building, and surrounding the building with lush vegetation and gardens. These passive design elements work together to improve thermal comfort and energy efficiency while maintaining a harmonious relationship with the natural environment.
LH Ismail (2007). An evaluation of bioclimatic high rise office buildings in a tropical climate: energy consumption and users' satisfaction in selected office buildings in Malaysia. PhD Thesis, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom.
grenn architecture, concept of sustainability, green architecture journalism, introduction of green architecture, principle of green building design, natural buildings, passive solar design, green building material, living architecture, green walls, green building benefits, methodology of green architecture.
The document describes the Green Building Index (GBI), Malaysia's first comprehensive rating system for evaluating the environmental design and performance of buildings. The GBI measures energy efficiency, indoor environmental quality, sustainable site planning/management, materials/resources, water efficiency, and innovation. It aims to promote sustainable and green building practices in Malaysia by establishing standards, recognizing environmental leadership, and transforming the built environment to reduce impacts. The GBI rating tool can be used by project teams, owners, developers and other parties to assess and improve the environmental attributes of new buildings.
MASTERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE renewable energy systemsSamanth kumar
RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS,M.ARCH (ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE) ANNA UNIVERSITY
UNIT I SOLAR ENERGY
➔ Solar radiation its measurements and prediction
➔ solar thermal flat plate collectors concentrating collectors –
applications - heating, cooling, desalination, power generation,drying, cooking etc
➔ principle of photovoltaic conversion of solar energy,
➔ types of solar cells and fabrication.
Photovoltaic applications:
➔ battery charger, domestic lighting, street lighting, and water pumping, power generation schemes.
UNIT II WIND ENERGY
➔ Atmospheric circulations and classification
➔ factors influencing wind , wind shear and turbulence
➔ wind speed monitoring
➔ Betz limit
➔ Aerodynamics of wind turbine rotor
➔ site selection
➔ Wind resource assessment
wind energy conversion devices
➔ classification,
➔ characteristics,
➔ applications.
➔ Hybrid systems - safety and environmental aspects.
UNIT III BIO-ENERGY
➔ Biomass resources and their classification
➔ chemical constituents
➔ physicochemical characteristics of biomass
➔ Biomass conversion processes
➔ Thermochemical conversion
➔ direct combustion,
➔ gasification,
➔ pyrolysis and liquefaction
➔ biochemical conversion
➔ Anaerobic digestion
➔ alcohol production from biomass
➔ chemical conversion process
➔ hydrolysis and hydrogenation
➔ Biogas - generation - types of biogas Plants- applications
UNIT IV HYDROGEN AND FUEL CELLS
➔ Thermodynamics and electrochemical principles
➔ asic design, types, and applications
➔ production methods
➔ Biophotolysis
➔ Hydrogen generation from algae biological pathways
➔ Storage gaseous
➔ cryogenic and metal hydride and transportation.
➔ Fuel cell
➔ principle of working
➔ various types
➔ construction and applications.
UNIT V OTHER TYPES OF ENERGY
➔ Ocean energy resources
➔ principles of ocean thermal energy conversion systems
➔ Ocean thermal power plants
➔ principles of ocean wave energy conversion
➔ tidal energy conversion
hydropower
➔ site selection, construction, environmental issues
Geothermal energy
➔ types of geothermal energy sites,
➔ site selection, and geothermal power plants.
This document discusses the relationship between architecture and climate. It begins by defining key terms like climate, weather, and climatology. Climate is the atmospheric conditions of a region over a long period of time, while weather describes conditions at a specific point in time. Climatology is the scientific study of climate and its major elements. The document then explains that bioclimatic architecture aims to optimize buildings' use of the natural environment. It identifies the primary bioclimatic building types needed to properly function in different climate zones: cold, hot-arid, hot-humid, temperate, and composite. Buildings must be designed according to their specific climate in order to operate efficiently and sustainably.
The document summarizes the re-adaptation of Malay vernacular architecture in Sekeping Serendah, Selangor to achieve thermal comfort. Some key features of traditional Malay houses that provide thermal comfort include elevated structures, large openings and overhangs to promote air flow, and use of sustainable materials. Sekeping Serendah incorporates these features, such as elevated rooms within the surrounding tropical forest and large openings covered by overhangs. The document examines how these vernacular design strategies help minimize environmental factors and provide thermal comfort, while maintaining aesthetic qualities in the modern retreat architecture.
The document discusses the reuse of rural buildings as the first step towards more sustainable construction. It argues that reusing existing buildings can significantly reduce environmental impacts compared to new construction by saving embodied energy and reducing construction waste. Specifically:
- Reusing rural buildings that were abandoned can preserve rural heritage while supporting new uses like rural tourism.
- Existing buildings already have embodied energy from initial construction materials. Reuse avoids adding new embodied energy of newly extracted and manufactured materials.
- Many traditional rural buildings employed passive design strategies well-suited to the local climate, like thick stone walls providing high thermal mass.
- Reuse can reduce a building's total energy needs over its lifetime by 14-30% compared to
This is a seminar made on sustainable architecture, containing
INTRODUCTION
NEED
METHODS
ELEMENTS
PRINCIPLES
DESIGN STRATEGY
SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS
RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION
TYPES
EXAMPLES
REFERENCES.
Passive Cooling and Vernacularism in Mughal Buildings in North India: A Sourc...drboon
In the present time, scrupulous use of energy is a challenge for the world population. The natural resources of energy are depleting day by day and the present resources seem inadequate to fulfill the need of human beings in future. Global warming and depletion of fossil fuels pose the dual crisis for sustainability. The building sector, being a major consumer of energy necessitates a critical scrutiny on this aspect. The techniques used for cooling, heating and ventilation of the buildings in the past were more harmonious with the nature. Use of locally available resources for design of historical buildings was energy efficient. The passive cooling in historical buildings provides a source of inspiration for sustainable development in contemporary world. In this paper, the author has examined various passive cooling techniques and locally available resources used in Mughal buildings in North India. The design elements of these buildings have evaluated on the basis of their suitability to the climate. The findings of this study suggest further research to explore guidelines for designing energy efficient buildings for sustainable development in the present era and future world.
Nanyang Technological University School of Art Design and Media Building Scie...Adila Zaas
Nanyang Technological University's School of Art, Design and Media building utilizes various passive design strategies to create a thermally comfortable environment for occupants. These include a curved green roof that absorbs heat from Singapore's intense sun and helps cool the building, a central courtyard with fountains and cascading water, and high-performance double glazed glass curtain walls that minimize heat transfer. The building's orientation, materials, landscaping and ventilation were carefully designed according to climate analysis to provide natural lighting and thermal comfort without mechanical cooling.
1. The document discusses the principles of bioclimatic architecture and how double skin facades (DSF) can help achieve the goals of bioclimatic design.
2. It outlines key principles of bioclimatic architecture like thermal comfort, natural lighting and ventilation and explains how DSF systems incorporate these principles through features like a ventilated facade, shading devices and natural ventilation capabilities.
3. The paper aims to show how DSF design can be a convincing tool for architects by meeting the energy efficiency goals of bioclimatic architecture in areas of daylight, thermal comfort and natural ventilation.
The document discusses the principles of energy efficient architecture and climate responsive design. It emphasizes modulating building conditions to keep them within the comfort zone throughout the day using landscape, form, materials and other passive design strategies. The goal is to analyze site conditions, climate data, and building program to inform the passive design of the building form, envelope, and energy systems to create sustainable habitats.
Sustainable architecture is architecture that seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, and development space.
Sustainable architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment.
The idea of sustainability, or ecological design, is to ensure that our actions and decisions today do not inhibit the opportunities of future generations.
Ken Yeang studied architecture at the Architectural Association in London, where he began questioning architecture's role in sustainability. In 1971, he became one of the first architects to pursue a PhD in ecological design at Cambridge University. Yeang's dissertation and later published work "Designing With Nature" established him as an early pioneer in green architecture. He is known for his research on applying bioclimatic and passive design principles to skyscrapers and other building types. Notable built works include his experimental "Roof-Roof" house and the award-winning Mesiniaga Tower, considered a model of bioclimatic skyscraper design.
This presentation is a basic introduction to the concepts underlying carbon neutral design. It looks at a LEED Platinum building that is also a carbon neutral building for some ideas as to how to achieve this goal.
This presentation was given at the OAA Convention in Toronto in 2009 and looks at the implications of the adoption of the 2030 Challenge. It also examines strategies to include to target low carbon design. Several low carbon buildings are studied.
Green architecture aims to minimize environmental impacts and prioritize sustainability. It focuses on efficient energy and water usage, non-toxic materials, and passive solar design. Green buildings provide environmental benefits like pollution reduction and conservation of resources, as well as economic benefits from reduced utility costs and improved occupant productivity. Sustainable design principles include considerations for site development, materials selection, energy efficiency, and indoor air quality.
The document provides information about TERI University located in New Delhi, India. It was established in 1998 and is spread over 2 acres of land. The campus was designed to be sustainable and energy efficient using techniques like passive solar design, daylighting, an earth air tunnel system for cooling, and rooftop solar panels. It aims to minimize its ecological footprint through sustainable design features and the use of renewable energy sources.
sustainable achitecture - introduction - design - need for it - elements - green roof , solar shingles , rain harvesting , cob houses - techniques - examples
1) The G Tower case study document discusses the passive design strategies used in the G Tower building in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. These strategies include building orientation, double glazing glass, vertical greenery, and more to reduce energy usage and improve indoor environmental quality.
2) Key passive design elements are building orientation adjusted to the northeast to minimize morning sun exposure, facade geometry subtraction, and use of double glazed low-emissivity glass to reduce heat transfer.
3) Additional sustainable features include rainwater harvesting, motion sensors, and green roofs to further reduce energy and water usage and improve indoor air quality.
The document discusses the Walian House designed by Malaysian architect Jimmy Lim. It aims to achieve environmental value through sustainable design and passive strategies to minimize solar heat gain. Some key features discussed include orienting the building to reduce direct sun exposure, incorporating an open courtyard to maximize cross ventilation, using existing Chengal timber salvaged from another building, and surrounding the building with lush vegetation and gardens. These passive design elements work together to improve thermal comfort and energy efficiency while maintaining a harmonious relationship with the natural environment.
LH Ismail (2007). An evaluation of bioclimatic high rise office buildings in a tropical climate: energy consumption and users' satisfaction in selected office buildings in Malaysia. PhD Thesis, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom.
grenn architecture, concept of sustainability, green architecture journalism, introduction of green architecture, principle of green building design, natural buildings, passive solar design, green building material, living architecture, green walls, green building benefits, methodology of green architecture.
The document describes the Green Building Index (GBI), Malaysia's first comprehensive rating system for evaluating the environmental design and performance of buildings. The GBI measures energy efficiency, indoor environmental quality, sustainable site planning/management, materials/resources, water efficiency, and innovation. It aims to promote sustainable and green building practices in Malaysia by establishing standards, recognizing environmental leadership, and transforming the built environment to reduce impacts. The GBI rating tool can be used by project teams, owners, developers and other parties to assess and improve the environmental attributes of new buildings.
MASTERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE renewable energy systemsSamanth kumar
RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS,M.ARCH (ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHITECTURE) ANNA UNIVERSITY
UNIT I SOLAR ENERGY
➔ Solar radiation its measurements and prediction
➔ solar thermal flat plate collectors concentrating collectors –
applications - heating, cooling, desalination, power generation,drying, cooking etc
➔ principle of photovoltaic conversion of solar energy,
➔ types of solar cells and fabrication.
Photovoltaic applications:
➔ battery charger, domestic lighting, street lighting, and water pumping, power generation schemes.
UNIT II WIND ENERGY
➔ Atmospheric circulations and classification
➔ factors influencing wind , wind shear and turbulence
➔ wind speed monitoring
➔ Betz limit
➔ Aerodynamics of wind turbine rotor
➔ site selection
➔ Wind resource assessment
wind energy conversion devices
➔ classification,
➔ characteristics,
➔ applications.
➔ Hybrid systems - safety and environmental aspects.
UNIT III BIO-ENERGY
➔ Biomass resources and their classification
➔ chemical constituents
➔ physicochemical characteristics of biomass
➔ Biomass conversion processes
➔ Thermochemical conversion
➔ direct combustion,
➔ gasification,
➔ pyrolysis and liquefaction
➔ biochemical conversion
➔ Anaerobic digestion
➔ alcohol production from biomass
➔ chemical conversion process
➔ hydrolysis and hydrogenation
➔ Biogas - generation - types of biogas Plants- applications
UNIT IV HYDROGEN AND FUEL CELLS
➔ Thermodynamics and electrochemical principles
➔ asic design, types, and applications
➔ production methods
➔ Biophotolysis
➔ Hydrogen generation from algae biological pathways
➔ Storage gaseous
➔ cryogenic and metal hydride and transportation.
➔ Fuel cell
➔ principle of working
➔ various types
➔ construction and applications.
UNIT V OTHER TYPES OF ENERGY
➔ Ocean energy resources
➔ principles of ocean thermal energy conversion systems
➔ Ocean thermal power plants
➔ principles of ocean wave energy conversion
➔ tidal energy conversion
hydropower
➔ site selection, construction, environmental issues
Geothermal energy
➔ types of geothermal energy sites,
➔ site selection, and geothermal power plants.
This document discusses the relationship between architecture and climate. It begins by defining key terms like climate, weather, and climatology. Climate is the atmospheric conditions of a region over a long period of time, while weather describes conditions at a specific point in time. Climatology is the scientific study of climate and its major elements. The document then explains that bioclimatic architecture aims to optimize buildings' use of the natural environment. It identifies the primary bioclimatic building types needed to properly function in different climate zones: cold, hot-arid, hot-humid, temperate, and composite. Buildings must be designed according to their specific climate in order to operate efficiently and sustainably.
The document summarizes the re-adaptation of Malay vernacular architecture in Sekeping Serendah, Selangor to achieve thermal comfort. Some key features of traditional Malay houses that provide thermal comfort include elevated structures, large openings and overhangs to promote air flow, and use of sustainable materials. Sekeping Serendah incorporates these features, such as elevated rooms within the surrounding tropical forest and large openings covered by overhangs. The document examines how these vernacular design strategies help minimize environmental factors and provide thermal comfort, while maintaining aesthetic qualities in the modern retreat architecture.
The document discusses the reuse of rural buildings as the first step towards more sustainable construction. It argues that reusing existing buildings can significantly reduce environmental impacts compared to new construction by saving embodied energy and reducing construction waste. Specifically:
- Reusing rural buildings that were abandoned can preserve rural heritage while supporting new uses like rural tourism.
- Existing buildings already have embodied energy from initial construction materials. Reuse avoids adding new embodied energy of newly extracted and manufactured materials.
- Many traditional rural buildings employed passive design strategies well-suited to the local climate, like thick stone walls providing high thermal mass.
- Reuse can reduce a building's total energy needs over its lifetime by 14-30% compared to
This is a seminar made on sustainable architecture, containing
INTRODUCTION
NEED
METHODS
ELEMENTS
PRINCIPLES
DESIGN STRATEGY
SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS
RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION
TYPES
EXAMPLES
REFERENCES.
Passive Cooling and Vernacularism in Mughal Buildings in North India: A Sourc...drboon
In the present time, scrupulous use of energy is a challenge for the world population. The natural resources of energy are depleting day by day and the present resources seem inadequate to fulfill the need of human beings in future. Global warming and depletion of fossil fuels pose the dual crisis for sustainability. The building sector, being a major consumer of energy necessitates a critical scrutiny on this aspect. The techniques used for cooling, heating and ventilation of the buildings in the past were more harmonious with the nature. Use of locally available resources for design of historical buildings was energy efficient. The passive cooling in historical buildings provides a source of inspiration for sustainable development in contemporary world. In this paper, the author has examined various passive cooling techniques and locally available resources used in Mughal buildings in North India. The design elements of these buildings have evaluated on the basis of their suitability to the climate. The findings of this study suggest further research to explore guidelines for designing energy efficient buildings for sustainable development in the present era and future world.
Nanyang Technological University School of Art Design and Media Building Scie...Adila Zaas
Nanyang Technological University's School of Art, Design and Media building utilizes various passive design strategies to create a thermally comfortable environment for occupants. These include a curved green roof that absorbs heat from Singapore's intense sun and helps cool the building, a central courtyard with fountains and cascading water, and high-performance double glazed glass curtain walls that minimize heat transfer. The building's orientation, materials, landscaping and ventilation were carefully designed according to climate analysis to provide natural lighting and thermal comfort without mechanical cooling.
1. The document discusses the principles of bioclimatic architecture and how double skin facades (DSF) can help achieve the goals of bioclimatic design.
2. It outlines key principles of bioclimatic architecture like thermal comfort, natural lighting and ventilation and explains how DSF systems incorporate these principles through features like a ventilated facade, shading devices and natural ventilation capabilities.
3. The paper aims to show how DSF design can be a convincing tool for architects by meeting the energy efficiency goals of bioclimatic architecture in areas of daylight, thermal comfort and natural ventilation.
Sustainable Energy Resource Buildings: Some Relevant Feautures for Built Envi...IJERA Editor
Energy has become a critical issue in national and global economic development. Its crucial importance to the nation’s building makes the development of energy resources one of the leading agenda of the present democratic government of Nigeria, towards lifting the nation to the comity of twenty (20) nations with the fastest growing economy in 2020. In achieving this, the building industry and in particular the architectural profession has a leading role to play in adopting education, designs, materials, and technology capable of reducing energy consumption in building within tropic region. This paper, therefore, appraises the important features of energy performance building through the use of sustainable innovative materials and technology that respond to climate condition while being environmentally friendly.
Multidisciplinary Journal Supported by TETFund. The journals would publish papers covering a wide range of subjects in journal science, management science, educational, agricultural, architectural, accounting and finance, business administration, entrepreneurship, business education, all journals
This document summarizes a student's proposed project on designing and optimizing a net zero energy building in Lahore, Pakistan. The student will use simulation tools like Design Builder and EnergyPlus to analyze the initial energy performance of the building and the impact of passive cooling methods. The goal is to reduce the building's energy demand for heating and cooling and optimize its energy performance. Recommendations for an appropriate renewable energy source will be provided based on the building's annual energy demand.
The document outlines a course on sustainable and green buildings. It covers 5 units:
1. Introduction, including definitions of sustainability, strategies for eco-friendly design, and using ecosystem analogies.
2. Eco house design, focusing on passive design principles like conserving energy, working with the climate, minimizing new resources, and case studies.
3. Environmental impacts of building materials, like embodied energy and life cycle analysis.
4. Green construction and certification systems like LEED and case studies on renewable energy, water management, and materials.
5. Case studies applying green building design principles.
The document discusses using solar chimneys to reduce heating loads in cold climates. It summarizes previous research on solar chimneys and their impact on ventilation. The author models a school building in a cold climate with and without a solar chimney using energy simulation software. The results show that with a solar chimney, the indoor temperature reached 22°C without mechanical heating, within the comfort range. By applying passive solar techniques like solar chimneys, architectural projects can save energy without large costs.
This document proposes a methodology to investigate the effects of strategic vegetation planting on the thermal performance of housing in a tropical environment. The study aims to quantify the temperature reduction and energy savings potential of vegetation for the average tropical residence. The methodology involves examining different planting patterns and structures, quantifying the relationship between vegetation and building energy use through simulations and field measurements, and developing design guidelines based on the results. The research will be conducted on single-family homes in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia to analyze the impacts of surrounding vegetation of different ages.
Critical Literature Assessment on Benediction Due to Passive Solar Energy SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the benefits of passive solar energy systems in building design. It reviews literature on passive solar design elements and their role in achieving thermal comfort. The key benefits identified are reduced energy consumption and costs. Passive solar designs allow buildings to stay cool in summer and warm in winter through techniques like solar orientation, shading devices, landscaping and thermal mass. These designs can decrease temperature variations and reduce the need for active heating/cooling systems. The literature suggests that passive solar homes can achieve near-zero net energy usage. Overall, the research establishes that passive solar building design is an effective way to improve energy efficiency and thermal comfort in structures.
INTEGRATION OF SOLAR THERMAL COLLECTORS ON FACADES: A REVIEW OF INSTITUTIONAL...paperpublications3
Abstract: The utilisation of alternative energy in buildings are getting closer to being a basic process in the construction of projects with the need of having sustainable building outlines with energy efficiency and expanding the exploration and utilisation of renewable energy sources in the industry with examples in solar energy, wind energy and geothermal energy. Solar thermal systems have turned into alternatives in the energy efficiency of current buildings, therefore less energy expending buildings, utilising the solar energy as an alternative in process are increasing and this has a tendency to give answers for energy issue which furthermore increase the lifecycle and decrease the upkeep of the buildings in general. Solar thermal systems integration in buildings have increased the performance through utilizing most building components and envelope for the generation of energy or reduction of its use which are the use of mounting solar panels ,integration of PV in windows, facade and roof of buildings. For better understanding, this paper will compare some institutional buildings which use solar collector integrated facades, analyse the methods of application on façade, efficiency of the generation and a critic of the general use of solar collectors integrated facades. The final result of this work will help and encourage designers on specifications and integration techniques and know-how of which method of integration is best suited to be used on their building projects.
This document provides a detailed review of zero energy building envelope components. It discusses various passive building strategies to improve energy efficiency, focusing on building envelope elements like insulation materials, walls, roofs, windows, and doors. Specific wall types are examined, like passive solar walls, walls with latent heat storage, and green walls. Roof types discussed include lightweight roofs, solar-reflective cool roofs, green roofs, and photovoltaic roofs. The integration of photovoltaics with building envelopes to generate on-site power is also covered. The goal of the review is to provide information on state-of-the-art zero energy building envelope components and developments to benefit building designers and constructors.
This document summarizes a report about how building design affects occupant well-being and productivity. Poor indoor environmental quality in buildings is estimated to cost the UK economy over £100 billion per year due to absenteeism and reduced productivity while occupied ("presenteeism"). Good design could save £135 billion annually. The report examines factors like air quality, lighting, noise levels and biophilic design that influence occupant health and recommends designs for sustainable, healthy buildings that consider energy efficiency without compromising indoor environmental quality.
Sustainability through Intelligence in BuildingsIJERA Editor
Energy efficiency and energy preservation are two primary worldwide concerns in current reality. Thus, sustainability encompasses those two issues, giving that as a general term refers to the capacity to endure. In architecture sustainability describes environmentally conscious design techniques, minimizing negative environmental impact and enhancing efficiency in the use of materials, energy and space. In every level of design and construction of a building, environmental issues should be taken into account. Each specific decision and choice may have consequences for the environment. Sustainability through the proper and sound use of materials is an obvious practice. Beyond that, intelligence integrated in buildings can promote energy efficiency and wider life cycle. After a brief clarification of what intelligence in buildings entitles, a series of case studies are presented in order to support the fact that in deed energy efficiency and energy preservation (in some cases energy production as well) are achieved through the use of intelligent systems in structures.
This document discusses bioclimatic design strategies for residential buildings in warm humid climates like Enugu, Nigeria. It begins by defining bioclimatic architecture as design that considers climate and environmental conditions to optimize thermal comfort and energy efficiency. It then outlines the study's objectives of reviewing bioclimatic principles, analyzing their application, and proposing a framework for residential buildings in Enugu. Key bioclimatic strategies discussed include natural lighting, cooling through shading and ventilation, and heating through passive solar gain and heat storage and distribution. The document also provides climatic data for Enugu to establish it as a warm humid tropical location.
Climate Variability: Integration of Renewable Energy into Present and Future ...AI Publications
As far as the reduction of fossil fuel reserves and environmental degradation in building houses are concerned, contemporary architects use other energy sources to create thermal comfort. Passive system is the most efficient way in which the needs of buildings thermal heat, without using the fossil energy, mechanical force and renewable energy sources like solar and wind energy, are met. Compatibility with environment, using context and area potentials to reduce fossil energy consumption and environmental destructive effects are the main advantages of these systems. Considering the temperature principles used in different elements of Iranian architecture this article reviews the operation of architectural elements which were compatible with the context in traditional Iranian architecture by focusing on the role of architect in environmental health and conservation. This study further offers solutions for creating thermal comfort by using descriptive content analysis in order to describe passive system principles associated with each of the above elements. Additionally, this research illustrates traditional architectural elements in terms of form and fabric in correspondence with modern elements as a method for mitigating climate changes.
The document summarizes the key sustainable features and energy conservation techniques used in modern skyscrapers, especially from an Indian perspective. It analyzes five generations of skyscraper development and their energy usage. Passive design principles like natural ventilation, daylighting, and shading are identified as important for sustainable skyscrapers in India, along with some selective energy generation techniques. A literature review is used to classify sustainable techniques into five categories: facade design, passive systems, electricity generation, visual comfort, and renewable systems. Passive design criteria and selective energy generation are determined to be the key features of sustainable skyscrapers in India based on a sustainability index analysis.
EXPLORING THE SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SMART TECHNOLOGIES.pdfAgboolaPaul3
The study’s primary focus is to gather profound insights into user perceptions and preferences related to living in
smart environments prioritizing thermal comfort and energy efficiency. This objective is pursued through
meticulous surveys designed to capture the nuanced experiences of residents, unravelling the intricate relationship
between smart technologies and their impact on daily life within these intelligent living spaces. The
findings from these quantitative surveys become a valuable repository of information that sheds light on the
intricate dynamics of user satisfaction and experience, providing a holistic understanding of the role played by
smart technologies in shaping thermal comfort in the built environment. Additionally, the research sets out to
assess the specific influence of smart technologies on thermal comfort within the urban settings of Turkey. By
narrowing the focus to this geographical context, the study aims to draw region-specific insights that can be
instrumental in tailoring smart living solutions to the unique needs and nuances of the Turkish urban landscape.
This contextual analysis allows for a nuanced understanding of how smart technologies operate in diverse urban
environments, providing a foundation for targeted interventions and improvements. A core objective of the study
is to distil actionable recommendations for architects, designers, and urban planners. These recommendations
are crafted with the intention of guiding the creation of user-centric spaces within the built environment that not
only meet but exceed expectations in optimizing thermal comfort. By translating survey findings and regional
assessments into practical suggestions, this research aims to empower professionals in the field to integrate smart
technologies seamlessly into their designs, ultimately contributing to the development of intelligent, sustainable,
and people-focused spaces. In summary, the study positions itself as a comprehensive exploration of the symbiotic
relationship between smart technologies and thermal comfort. Through a meticulous examination of user
perceptions, regional influences, and actionable recommendations, the research seeks to chart a course for a
future where the built environment actively supports and enhances thermal comfort, thereby improving the
overall quality of life for its residents.
Importance of climate to architectural designs in nigeriaAgboola Paul
This paper reiterates the need for
architects/designers to design in relation to climate, in order to achieve pleasantly,
comfortable and conducive structures that ensure physiological and psychological
the comfort of the occupants. As a result of which, there will be a reduction in
the substantial amount expended by people to achieve thermal comfort within and
around the building, through the use of mechanically controlled measures
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
The Impact of Transit-Oriented Development on Fast-Urbanizing Cities: Applied analytical study on Greater Cairo Region
* 1 MS.c. Mohamed Kafrawy Image result for research orcid , 2 Professor Dr. Sahar Attia Image result for research orcid , 3 Professor Dr. Heba Allah Khalil Image result for research orcid
1, 2 &3 Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt
1 E-mail: en.kafrawy@gmail.com , 2 E-mail: saharattia16@eng.cu.edu.eg , 3 E-mail: hebatallah.khalil@gmail.com
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received: 16 May 2021
Revised: 25 August 2021
Accepted: 27 August 2021
Available online: 8 September 2021
Keywords:
Transit-oriented Development;
Fast-Urbanizing cities;
Sustainable transportation;
Sustainable development;
Greater Cairo region.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Transportation has always been the backbone of development. Transit-oriented development (TOD) has been theorized, piloted and expanded increasingly in the past few decades. In this regard, this paper investigates the relationship between urban development, the transportation process, and the required implementation guidelines within fast-urbanizing cities, such as Cairo. After reviewing different related sustainable development theories, the study investigates pioneering case studies that have applied TOD and provided adequate implementation frameworks. The authors then extract and compare a set of required policies. The current Egyptian development paradigm is then discussed in relation to these enabling policies, focusing on Greater Cairo Region, Egypt. The authors debate previous development plans, progress, and newly proposed ones, focusing on the transportation process as the means for development. The study concludes with a set of required guidelines to ensure the integration of transportation with land-use planning, thus ensuring a more prosperous and inclusive urban development.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2022), 6(1), 83-95.
Developing Design Criteria for Sustainable Urban Parks
* Dr. Didem Dizdaroğlu Image result for research orcid
Department of Urban Design and Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Art, Design, and Architecture, Bilkent University, Turkey
E-mail: dizdaroglu@bilkent.edu.tr
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received: 28 February 2021
Revised: 15 August 2021
Accepted: 19 August 2021
Available online: 30 August 2021
Keywords:
Sustainable Cities;
Urban Parks;
Green Spaces;
COVID-19;
Sustainable Design.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
This study investigates how urban parks can contribute to helping cities become more sustainable through developing a set of criteria for the sustainable design of urban parks. Today, there is no example around the world where all the proposed sustainable design criteria are applied together in a specific urban park. In this context, this study aims to make a novel contribution by systematically reviewing the literature on the sustainable design of urban parks. In the light of research findings, this study contributes to the implementation of a comprehensive sustainable park design practice in our cities in the future. These design criteria may further serve as performance indicators to offer information and know-how to local authorities, practitioners, communities, and other actors in this field to help them assess their success levels and progress over time.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2022), 6(1), 69-81.
The Role of “Scale” on the Acceleration of Social Interaction in Urban Spaces
1 * Dr. Kaveh Hajialiakbari Image result for research orcid , 2 Dr. Mohammad Zare Image result for research orcid ,
3 Mitra Karimi Image result for research orcid
1 Shahid Beheshti University, Faculty of Architecture and urbanism, Tehran, Iran
2 & 3 University of Tehran, Faculty of Fine Arts, Tehran, Iran
1 E-mail: Kaveh.haa@gmail.com , 2 E-mail: zare.md@ut.ac.ir ,
3 E-mail: mitrakarimi@modares.ac.ir
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received: 8 March 2021
Revised: 25 July 2021
Accepted: 8 August 2021
Available online: 18 August 2021
Keywords:
Urban Space;
Obsolescent Neighborhoods,
Social Interaction,
Evaluation Indicators,
Functional Scale.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Rehabilitation projects are interventions that can lead to the transformation of the socio-spatial structure of obsolescent neighborhoods. The main intention of such projects is the creation and/or improvement of social interactions after physical and functional interventions. Urban Renewal Organization of Tehran (UROT) is tasked with identification of target obsolescent neighborhoods, preparation of neighborhood development plans and implementation of rehabilitation projects to improve the quality of space and stimulate social interactions. In this paper, three urban spaces in different scales (“micro” for neighborhoods, “meso” for local and “macro” for trans-local scales), designed and implemented by UROT, were selected as a case study. By designing and filling a questionnaire and after analyzing research findings, the effect of the scale of the urban project on different activities was evaluated based on the Gehl model. Overall, in the expanded model based on the scale of space, an inverse ratio between the scale of space and both optional selective and social activities has been revealed.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2022), 6(1), 59-68.
Living Space Needs of Small Housing in the Post-Pandemic Era: Malaga as a case study
* Professor Dr. Carlos Rosa-Jiménez Image result for research orcid , B. Arch. Cristina Jaime-Segura Image result for research orcid
1 and 2 Institute for Habitat, Tourism, Territory, Edificio Ada Byron, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, University of
Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
1 E-mail: cjrosa@uma.es , 2 E-mail: jscristina@uma.es
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received: 18 June 2021
Revised: 3 August 2021
Accepted: 10 August 2021
Available online: 14 August 2021
Keywords:
Architectural Design;
Lockdown;
Post-Covid City;
Remote Working;
Terraces;
Hygienism.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
The COVID-19 lockdown period has highlighted the ability of housing to accommodate a comprehensive programme typical of the city and its public space. Housing units of under 60 m2 and in blocks of flats are the more vulnerable, as they have a higher percentage of non-community open spaces. That problem was analysed using a methodology based on psychological, urban planning and architectural indicators applied to two coastal cities in the Mediterranean area of southern Spain. The results highlight three aspects in this type of dwelling: the need to consider the orientation of the housing to improve the quality of indoor and outdoor space; the need in public housing policies for a greater number of rooms to facilitate remote working; and finally, the importance of functional terraces overlooking green areas.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2022), 6(1), 51-58.
Mathematical Model Applied to Green Building Concept for Sustainable Cities Under Climate Change
1 Professor Dr. Md. Haider Ali Biswas Image result for research orcid , 2* M.Sc. Pinky Rani DeyImage result for research orcid
3 Asst. Prof. Md. Sirajul Islam Image result for research orcid , 4 M.Sc. Sajib Mandal Image result for research orcid
1 Mathematics Discipline, Science Engineering and Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh
2, 3 & 4 Department of Mathematics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj-8100, Bangladesh
E-mail 1: mhabiswas@gmail.com , E-mail 2: pinkydey.math@gmail.com
E-mail 3: sirajulku@gmail.com , E-mail 4: sajibmandal1997@gmail.com
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received: 20 May 2021
Revised: 25 July 2021
Accepted: 11 August 2021
Available online 16 August 2021
Keywords:
Green Building;
Sustainable Cities;
Climate Change;
Mathematical Model;
Numerical Simulations.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Recently the effect of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is worldwide terrified anxiety to the public and scholars. Even this global problem is one of the great issues that continuously makes worrying the governments and environmentalists, but its solution findings are not out of the image at all. In this study, we have proposed and analysed a mathematical model for the solvable management of GHGs by sowing the seeds of green building dynamic systems. Moreover, in the model, the human community is used to enhance the production power of individuals of green buildings by absorbing the GHGs. The model is analysed by stability analysis at the equilibrium points: trivial and global equilibrium, and also by convincing the stability and instability of the system of equations. The behaviour of the propound model has been developed by numerical simulations which shows the rate of the fruitfulness of GHG components.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2022), 6(1), 36-50.
Sustainable Construction for Affordable Housing Program in Kabul
1 MSc. Mohammadullah Hakim Ebrahimi Image result for research orcid , 2* Professor Dr. Philippe Devillers Image result for research orcid
3 Professor Dr. Éric Garcia-Diaz Image result for research orcid
1 Construction Faculty, Kabul Polytechnic University, Afghanistan
2 LIFAM, École Nationale Supérieure d’Architecture de Montpellier, France
3 LMGC, IMT Mines Ales, University of Montpellier, CNRS, France
E-mail 1: M.HEbrahimi@kpu.edu.af , E-mail 2: Philippe.devillers@montpellier.archi.fr
E-mail 3: eric.garcia-diaz@mines-ales.fr
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received: 13 April 2021
Revised: 18 July 2021
Accepted: 6 August 2021
Available online 17 August 2021
Keywords:
Earth Construction;
Local Materials;
Sun-Dried Brick;
Compressive Earth Block;
Stabilization;
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Afghanistan has suffered from four decades of war, causing a massive migration of the rural population to the cities. Kabul was originally designed for 1,5 million people, whereas there are now 5 million in the city. The importation of modern western styles housing for rapid reconstruction reveals apparent cultural conflict and a significant environmental footprint. The new drive for sustainable reconstruction should consider the use of local materials combined with modern technologies. Earthen architecture underlies the embodiment of Afghan architecture. This research aims to revisit traditional Afghan earthen construction with the tools of industrial modernity. The three soils of the Kabul region are first characterized. Sun-dried mud brick and compressive earth block, with and without stabilization have been prepared and tested in the laboratory to develop the most suitable earth construction element which is cost-effective and easily available compared to imported modern products.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2022), 6(1), 23-35.
Sustainability of Tourism Development in the city of Ain-Sukhna, Egypt
* Professor Dr. Yasser Mahgoub Image result for research orcid
Faculty of Architecture, Galala University, Egypt
E-mail: ymahgoub@gu.edu.eg
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 18 June 2021
Accepted 5 August 2021
Available online 14 August 2021
Keywords:
Coastal Tourism;
Sustainable Development;
Cultural Resource;
Ain-Sukhna;
Galala City.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Tourism is a major economic source for Egypt, due to its significant natural and cultural attractions. Yet, rapid development and construction of touristic facilities have a negative impact on the fragile natural and cultural heritage. This paper studies the recent touristic developments of the coastal stretch of Ain-Sukhna on the Red Sea coastal region of Galala Mountain, and their impact on the surrounding natural and cultural attractions. Coral reefs and rich marine life have made this stretch among the prime fishing and scuba diving destinations in the world. The area is also famous for its year-round sunny beaches and the spectacular coastal scenic drive where Galala Mountain reaches the Red Sea. Recently, development has started on the mountains following the construction of Galala Mountain Road. Galala City started with Galala University and several residential, touristic, and commercial facilities. This paper studies the pattern of development in the area during the past 40 years and assesses its impact on natural and cultural resources.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2022), 6(1), 13-22.
This document summarizes a research paper that examines heritage interpretation practices in Colombo, Sri Lanka and argues for a more inclusive approach. It discusses how current practices in Colombo prioritize potential market values by converting colonial buildings into luxury spaces, displacing communities and failing to engage diverse groups. This has degraded the city's liveability. The document calls for heritage interpretation that facilitates constructive dialogue about the past to change attitudes, strengthen social cohesion, and foster sustainable protection and development of the urban heritage.
Heritage Preservation as Strategy for Recomposing Conflict Territories
Prof. Dr. José Manuel Pagés Madrigal Image result for research orcid
Architecture & Urban Design, German University in Cairo, Egypt
E-mail: jose.madrigal@guc.edu.eg
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 18 May 2021
Accepted 20 October 2021
Available online 29 October 2021
Keywords:
Conflict territories;
Heritage Preservation;
Cultural heritage;
Reconstruction;
Cyprus;
Kosovo.
ABSTRACT
Heritage admits diverse readings depending on different territorial spaces, contexts, and knowledge fields. The relation between Heritage and the social contexts is one of these knowledge areas. But Heritage accepts a dual perception as a cultural reflection. It may be considered either as the origins of the conflicts or the engine for recomposing disrupted territories. The paper proposes a reflection on the topics related to conflict territories and the roles currently played by Cultural Heritage. The recomposition of conflict territories is based on a continuous intercultural approach with important contributions from human rights, genders equality, intercultural dialogue perspectives and the fact of taking heritage as a territorial stabilization factor. The paper presents specific practical cases in the Eastern Mediterranean region where actions on Heritage religious elements collide with the national sovereign of the respective current countries. A comparative study among these different actions proves that the initial clashes can be progressively transformed into strategies able to become the future guideline for the resolution of heritage regional conflicts. These conflicts reflect two discourses: political (with strong links between national identity and religion) and scientific (with a clash between static concept and dynamic vision) where objects interact with the visitors.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 252-264.
Investigating Built Environment Indicators to Develop a Local Walkability Index
* 1 B.Sc. Menna Tarek Image result for research orcid , 2 Prof. Dr. Ghada Farouk Hassan Image result for research orcid
3 Prof. Dr. Abeer Elshater Image result for research orcid , 4 Dr. Mohamed Elfayoumi Image result for research orcid
1, 2, 3 and 4 Ain Shams University, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo, Egypt.
E-mail 1: menna.tarek@eng.asu.edu.eg , E-mail 2: Ghadafhassan@eng.asu.edu.eg
E-mail 3: abeer.elshater@eng.asu.edu.eg , E-mail 4: m_fayoumi@eng.asu.edu.eg
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 8 June 2021
Accepted 20 August 2021
Available online 29 August 2021
Keywords:
Local Walkability Index;
Pedestrian Walking Behaviour;
Urban Design;
Mixed-use Street,
Cairo.
ABSTRACT
Many studies have been conducted over the last 20 years to determine and measure factors that affect the walkability of city streets. Walkability is an essential factor in deciding whether a city is green or sustainable. This paper creates a comprehensive walkability index by analysing built environmental indicators that affect walkability. This research was conducted on mixed land use streets in Cairo, Egypt, combining the results from an online survey and a walkability assessment model developed by multi-criteria decision analysis techniques. The results were based on a three-pillar approach starting with the theoretical background to frame the walkability indicator, numerical assessment over the Egyptian cases using a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) technique and a qualitative user perception survey. Our results confirm that determining to what extent Cairo’s streets are walkable is crucial to enhancing pedestrians’ perceptions of the walking environment. Furthermore, the results illustrated the essential factors within the built environment indicators that influence pedestrian walking behaviour.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 235-251.
Liveability Dimensions in New Town Developments: An Overview of Senri New Town and Purbachal New Town
* 1 M. Eng. Tahmina Rahman Image result for research orcid , 2 Dr. Md. Nawrose Fatemi Image result for research orcid
1 Division of Global Architecture, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
2 Department of Architecture, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
E-mail 1: ar.tahminarahman@gmail.com , E-mail 2: nawrose@uap-bd.edu
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 20 April 2021
Accepted 10 August 2021
Available online 15 August 2021
Keywords:
Dimensions of Liveability;
New Town Development;
Satellite Townships;
Osaka;
Dhaka.
ABSTRACT
Since the 1960s, new town developments within large metropolises have been widely adopted to decongest the city centres, especially in Asian cities. This paper provides a brief account of the liveability dimensions of two new townships developed in large metropolitan areas: Senri New Town in Osaka and Purbachal New Town in Dhaka. The study primarily draws on master plans of the two developments to identify how the components of the plans reflect the physical, social, functional and safety dimensions of a proposed liveability framework. The methodology combines a review of masters plans with scholarly and grey literature on the two new town developments. The findings show while the social and functional dimensions are integrated with Senri New Town; Purbachal New Town, though more recent, appears to have missed opportunities for diversifying density, social mix and mass transit. The paper concludes that the comparative case, Senri-New Town provides insights on how public-private people participation can leverage citizen-centred design for more liveable residential living environments in developing cities.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 221-233.
Monitoring and Landscape Quantification of Uncontrolled Urbanisation in Oasis Regions: The Case of Adrar City in Algeria
* 1 Dr. Assoule Dechaicha Image result for research orcid , 2 Assist. Prof. Adel Daikh Image result for research orcid , 3 Prof. Dr. Djamel Alkama Image result for research orcid
1, 2 and 3 Department of Architecture, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, 8 May 1945 University, Guelma, Algeria
E-mail 2: dechaicha.assoul@univ-guelma.dz , E-mail 1: alkama.djamel@univ-guelma.dz
E-mail 3: daikh.adel@univ-guelma.dz
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 20 March 2021
Accepted 25 July 2021
Available online 12 August 2021
Keywords:
Uncontrolled Urbanisation,
Satellite Images,
Landscape Metrics,
Palm groves,
Oasis Ecosystem.
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, uncontrolled urbanisation is one of the major problems facing Algerian oasis regions. The monitoring and evaluation of its landscape transformations remain a key step for any oasis sustainability project. This study highlights the evolution of spatial growth in the city of Adrar in southern Algeria during the period 1986-2016 by establishing a Spatio-temporal mapping and landscape quantification. The methodological approach is based on a multi-temporal analysis of Landsat satellite images for 1986, 1996, 2006 and 2016, and the application of landscape metrics. The results show two opposite spatial trends: significant growth of built-up areas against an excessive loss of palm groves. The landscape metrics allowed the identification of a progressive fragmentation process characterising the palm groves. Thus, the findings of this study show the utility of satellite imagery and landscape metrics approach for monitoring urbanisation patterns and assessing their impacts on oasis ecosystems.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 209-219.
Community Participation in Decision Making Processes in Urban Planning: The Case of Kaunas
M.A. Laura Jankauskaitė-Jurevičienė Image result for research orcid, Dr. Aušra Mlinkauskienė Image result for research orcid
a and b Kaunas University of Technology, Civil engineering and architecture faculty, Kaunas, Lithuania
E mail 1: laura.jankauskaite-jureviciene@ktu.lt, Email 2: ausra.mlinkauskiene@ktu.lt
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 9 July 2020
Accepted 29 August 2020
Available online 18 September 2020
Keywords:
Community;
Urban planning;
Spatial planning;
Decision-making processes.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Participation in decision-making processes foreshadows enabling citizens, communities, non-governmental organizations and other interested parties to influence the formulation of policies and laws affecting them. The purpose of this study is not only to review Lithuanian legal documents but also to analyse recent processes in Kaunas city planning. Kaunas city is undergoing various urban processes, which do not always meet the needs of the community. This study presents an analysis of the forms of community involvement in the urban planning processes and survey data on the effectiveness of community involvement. The methodology requires using a sociological survey with representatives of the city community and a comparative analysis between legal obligations and actual urbanization process.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 197-208.
The Impacts of Urban Morphology on Housing Indoor Thermal Condition in Hoi An City, Vietnam
1 * M.A. Thien Huong Luu Image result for research orcid, 2 Dr. Juan-Carlos Rojas-Arias Image result for research orcid, 3 Dr. Dominique Laffly Image result for research orcid
1and 2 Laboratory of Research in Architecture (LRA), National School of Architecture of Toulouse, France
3 University of Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, France
E-mail 1: thien-huong.luu@toulouse.archi.fr , E-mail 2: juan-carlos.rojas-arias@toulouse.archi.fr ,
E-mail 3: dominique.laffly@gmail.com
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 20 July 2020
Accepted 25 August 2020
Available online 14 September 2020
Keywords:
Urban Morphology;
Indoor Thermal Condition; Ancient Town;
Vernacular House;
Modern Terraced House.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Assessing the impact of urban morphology on the indoor thermal condition of housing in a tourism city in central Vietnam — Hoi An City is the main objective of this study. The research process is carried out by a variety of methods including in situ surveys, measuring with temperature sensors, data analysis and map analysis. Four houses, located in two areas with different urban forms, were selected for measurement within one month to investigate the differences in housing indoor temperature. The impact of urban morphology on housing was thereafter determined. Temperature sensors were permanently installed in 4 houses; based on these empirical measurements and data collected, the paper addresses solutions to improve urban morphology and indoor thermal condition.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 183-196.
E-participatory Approaches in Urban Design
* 1 Araf Öykü Türken Image result for research orcid, 2 Assoc. Prof. Dr Engin Eyüp Eyuboğlu Image result for research orcid
1 Department of City and Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture, Yildiz Technical University, Turkey
2 Department of City and Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Email 1: araf.turken@gmail.com, Email 2: eyuboglu@itu.edu.tr
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 9 June 2020
Accepted 20 Augustus 2020
Available online 8 September 2020
Keywords:
E-participation;
Public Participation;
Urban Design.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
The phenomenon of planning involving citizen’s participation in planning literature has been from the second half of the 20th century. Indeed, different methods and techniques have been used in the process. However, participatory practices are time-consuming and negotiations are tiresome. Accordingly, the integration of developing digital technologies into participatory processes has been seen as a potential to reach large audiences and provide time-space independence. Within the scope of this research, a detailed literature review was done regarding e-participation, and ten (10) examples representing the upper levels at the ladder of participation were examined within the context of the project, participation, and socio-technical criteria. SWOT analyzes were structured by grouping similar applications, and current trends for the use of e-participation in urban design have been revealed. The analysis showed that citizens e participation- participation tend to allow citizen design or location-based interaction, playful interfaces and game elements which can be sources for encouragement.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 169-182.
Roles of Drop-in Centers in Street Children Interventions: Design Guidelines and Humanitarian Emergency Architecture Adaptations
* M.Sc. Ruba Azzam Image result for research orcid, Dr. Karim Kesseiba Image result for research orcid, Dr. Ahmed Abdelghaffar Image result for research orcid
Dr. Mennat-Allah El Husseiny Image result for research orcid
a, b, c and d Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering and Building Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
Email 1: ruba-azzam90@hotmail.com , Email 2: karimkesseiba@gmail.com , Email 3: amaghaffar@gmail.com
Email 4: mennatallahelhusseiny@gmail.com
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 9 July 2020
Accepted 3 September 2020
Available online 8 September 2020
Keywords:
Street Children;
Drop-in centers;
Child-Rehabilitation centers;
Architecture for Humanitarian Emergencies;
Child Friendly Spaces (CFS).
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
For decades, numerous countries have been witnessing the Street Children phenomenon where millions of children worldwide are subjected to risks. Despite the crucial role of intermediate non-residential interventions - using drop-in centers- in protecting and rehabilitating street children, there is a paucity of research addressing the quality of design of these centers and how architecture might influence their operational process. Those observations invite investigating drop-in centers used in practice from a design perspective and question adapting architectural applications for humanitarian emergencies, focusing on “Child-Friendly Spaces”. The study aims to provide solutions for better quality design, facilitating operational challenges. The methodology undertakes the investigation through primary and secondary axes. This involves conducting literature and international precedents review and secondarily, an Egyptian contextual first-hand documentation and qualitative analysis of selected centers.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 151-168.
This document provides a book review that summarizes the key ideas from the book "Smart City Citizenship". The review discusses 9 intertwined ideas presented in the book: 1) deconstructing extractivist data models, 2) unplugging from constant online connectivity, 3) deciphering alternative approaches to smart cities, 4) democratizing stakeholder representation, 5) moving beyond mechanistic replication of projects, 6) devolving data back to citizens, 7) commoning data and decision making, 8) protecting digital rights through data institutions, and 9) resetting approaches with citizens in control. The review analyzes case studies of different city-regions and their approaches to data governance.
Towards the Egyptian Charter for Conservation of Cultural Heritages
1 Associate Professor Dr. Corinna Rossi , 2 * Sara Rabie
1 Department of Architecture and Urban Design, Faculty of Architecture, Politecnico di Milano Cairo, Milan, Italy
2 Department of Architecture and Urban Design, Faculty of Architecture, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
1 E-mail: corinna.rossi@polimi.it , 2 E-mail: sarah.rabie@guc.edu.eg
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 5 April 2021
Accepted 15 June 2021
Available online 25 June 2021
Keywords:
Cultural Heritages;
Conservation;
History;
Value;
Authenticity;
Europe;
Egypt.
ABSTRACT
The notion of “Cultural heritage” is quite modern compared to other humanistic fields developed in the last century. Conservation as a science has emerged and took shape during international conventions and treaties in many places in Europe and developed various frameworks to recognize the heritage and its value but based on “Eurocentric bias” criteria. The fact of sharing universal values and common practices during the age of globalization had a significant impact on conservation actions in contexts utterly different from western societies and don’t share the same historical or cultural dimensions. Therefore, this study traces the history of the evolution of conservation in the west from two perspectives; the historical one and the developing methodologies, and the philosophies behind the main theories in conservation. Cultural heritage is a reflection of the identity of the society and its past; thus, this study outlines the development of conservation practices in Egypt within the international approaches in a chronological order to investigate the social response and the impact of the political and cultural influence of the cultural consciousness of the society and the conservation actions in the Egyptian context. Furthermore, to investigate the contribution of international charters in developing national policies in Egypt.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(1), 101-111.
Enhancing Security in Affordable Housing: The Case of Prince Fawaz Project
Professor Dr. Maged Attia Image result for research orcid
Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
Email: mattia@kau.edu.sa
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 9 March 2021
Accepted 15 May 2021
Available online 30 May 2021
Keywords:
Environmental crime;
Enhancing security;
Crime rates;
Prince Fawaz project;
Saudi Arabia.
ABSTRACT
The present study argues that the urban form of affordable housing projects affects safety and security. The study examines the level of safety and security in the Prince Fawaz project proposing recommendations that enhance it. Theories and approaches concerned with the environmental crime are initially reviewed. Then, urban and architectural features as well as crime rates and patterns are documented. Also, trace and behaviour observations are carried out. The observations monitored urban features and behaviours associated with crime or fear of crime. Residents’ perception for security and fear of crime is extracted through a questionnaire. A Space Syntax is processed and linked with the questionnaire and observation outputs. Observations demonstrate a semblance of fear of crime which is supported by records of car and home theft. Although the questionnaire reflects a suitable level of security, it points to peripheral spaces and areas around mosques and shops as the less secure. However, enhancing security in the Prince Fawaz project requires urban interventions including controlling access to peripheral spaces, reviving areas detected to be unsafe, repositioning elements causing visual obstacles and enhancing appearance by vegetation and sustainable maintenance. Besides, reformulating the movement network so that an appropriate integration between residents and strangers is achieved. On the conceptual level, the study proves that none of the theories of environmental crime can act as a comprehensive approach; but each can partly work.
This article is an open access
article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license
C:\Users\Hourakhsh\Desktop\CC_By_2020_licnece1.jpg
This article is published with open access at www.ijcua.com
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(1), 85-100.
Urban Land-use and Traffic Congestion: Mapping the Interaction
1 * Ph.D. Candidate James Kanyepe Image result for research orcid, 2 Prof. Dr. Marian Tukuta Image result for research orcid, 3 Prof. Dr. Innocent Chirisa Image result for research orcid
1 and 2 Department of Supply Chain Management, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Zimbabwe
3 Department of Demography Settlement & Development, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe
E-mail 1: jameskanyepe@gmail.com, E-mail 2: paidamoyo2016@gmail.com
E-mail 3: innocent.chirisa@gmail.com
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 25 October 2020
Accepted 15 December 2020
Available online 19 December 2020
Keywords:
Land-Use;
Peak Hour;
Traffic Congestion;
Transport;
Travel Patterns;
Travel Behavior.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
The interaction between transport, land-uses and travel patterns produce diverse transportation problems in urban cities with traffic congestion as the most visible manifestation. Traffic congestion is a frequent phenomenon in most cities around the globe. This paper reviews the interaction between land-use traffic congestion through published literature. The objective of this study is to encourage and provide researchers with future research directions in land-use and traffic congestion. For this purpose, a systematic review was performed analysing 45 articles from the year 2010 to 2020 using a descriptive approach. Subsequently, the results of the study show that although the interaction between land-use and traffic congestion has gained currency in developed countries far less is known on this subject in developing parts of the world, though new evidence is steadily accumulating. Consequently, limitations of this work are presented, opportunities are identified for future lines of research. Finally, the conclusion confirms the need for further research addressing the methodological concerns.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(1), 77-84.
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2. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS, 2(3), 60-66 / 2018
Sertaç İlter 61
the manifestation of “more efficient energy
use”, where an allied relationship through the
external and internal environment is adjusted
to be asserted. This realm significantly
influenced and correlated awareness on the
selection of construction type and material use
in architectural design, especially façade
enterprises. In the explicit of sustainability
beyond architecture has imposed various
approaches in various scales of illuminating the
ecological responsive allocation.
Fascinatingly to address the main paradigm of
efficient energy use in design; the bioclimatic
architecture appears as the grounded
approach that signifies the major spirits (natural
ventilation, heating, cooling and lighting) of
efficient energy use in building design.
Following “efficient energy use” aim of the
sustainability in architectural design; the
bioclimatic architecture demonstrates a
responsive endorsement on indicating efficient
way of energy use as a cognitive tool for
design. In view of this fact; its principles
particularly reside along with a natural
dynamic interaction between user, their built
environment and the outdoor climatic
conditions. However, the determination of
bioclimatic architecture can be adjusted either
in vernacular buildings, or contemporary
buildings without any style or era distinction. In
other words; any type of building belonging
any time dilemma might be classified as
bioclimatic. In order to call a building as
bioclimatic architecture; the ecological
dimension of the building significantly must met
with energy efficiency perspective as naturally
achieving the way ventilation, heating, cooling
and lighting Olgyay V. (1953), Aronin JE. (1953),
Arens E et al. (1981), Lima A. (1995), Singh MK,
Mahapatra S, Atreya S. (2010).
In recent; a significant interests has growth in
Double Skin Façade (DSF) design and its usage
due to its pragmatic benefits on energy
conservation contributing to the energy
efficiency goal of sustainability (N. Safer, M.
Woloszyn, J. J. Roux, and F. Kuznik, 2005). In
recent demarcation DSF is resided in the
definition of multi layer skin construction of
contemporary architecture where an external
skin adjoined to an internal skin through an
intermediate space of airflow (J. Zhou and Y.
Chen, 2010). In significant; the efficient energy
use ideology is resembled in DSF with
evacuating the solar radiation absorb upon a
glazing envelope, which enhances continuous
ventilation within the building. As a
consequence; DSF impulses a minimized
energy consumption use amongst
accomplished cooling and heating (Z. Yılmaz
and F. Çetintaş, 2005). However, its
implementation is accompanied by significant
challenges due to the complexity of the
thermal and airflow phenomena that is
involved in its behavior where adaptability is
magnified in different climatic conditions (M. A.
Shameri, M. A. Alghoul, K. Sopian, M. F. M. Zain,
and O. Elayeb, 2011).
This paper investigates pragmatic deliberations
of DSF for bioclimatic architecture as one of
the most appropriate resided approaches of
contemporary design. Thus, the study aims to
fragment the DSF key parameters as a
matching convincing tool for the design
principles of bioclimatic architecture. The key
parameters of DSF are demarcated within the
framework of the study as daylight, thermal
comfort and natural ventilation. The
rationalized similarities between DSF and
Bioclimatic Architecture are aimed to be met
within a collective perspective. The questioned
key primitives of energy efficiency in two
correlated approaches are drawn to illuminate
a utilized scheme as a convincing tool for
design of contemporary era and sustainability.
2. Incorporating Bioclimatic Architecture and
DSF Principles.
2.1 Bioclimatic Architecture
Bioclimatic Architecture imposes evolving
climate responsive implantation in architecture
through the use of appropriate project
strategies considering the climatic differences
of each place, in order to better improvement
of the thermal comfort conditions for the
occupants (Lamberts, 2006). Based on the
global demarcation of international policy-
Kyoto Protocol on sustainability; the bioclimatic
architecture is identified as the income for
reduction of energy use and other
environmental impacts in order to obtain
sustainability as an outcome within the
challenging decade of climate change (Hyde
and Rostvik, 2008). In deed; the approach
provides an advantage on climate to control
the heat transfer process through the right
application of design elements and building
technology (Goulart and Pitta, 1994; ERG, 1999
op cit). The energy save has mainly promoted
with the ensured comfort conditions for
occupants/users into building. Extensively in
spirit; passive low energy techniques are
persuaded for generating environmentally
interactive, efficient and contented to human
comfort standards (Yeang, 1996). On this basis
the bioclimatic architecture principles are
developed on representing energy efficient
3. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS, 2(3), 60-66 / 2018
Sertaç İlter 62
strategies, while the applicability is modified
based on the environmental characteristics of
the region and building type (Maciel, 2007).
Various researches are intended to prospect
the principles of bioclimatic architecture
(Machaira et al, 2012). With all of these
perspectives, EDP, Axarli & Teli and Lambertin
have made the most comprehensive
approach to bioclimatic architecture
approach.
Listed below are different set of principles as
outlined by previous researchers such as
Lamberts (2006) and Axarli & Teli (2008) EDP
Energy (2011) (Table 1). According to the set of
principles, similarities and dissimilarities can be
observed. According to comparing the various
principles thermal comfort and natural lighting
are the most dominant feature for bioclimatic
architecture.
Table 1. Different set of principles as outlined, Lamberts
(2006) and Axarli & Teli (2008) EDP Energy (2011)
2.2 Double Skin Façade (DSF)
DSF can be defined as a traditional single
façade doubled inside or outside amongst a
secondary airflow break- glazed façade. In
other words; The DSF is a system consisting of
two glass skins placed in such a way that air
flows within an intermediate cavity. The
attribution of imposing a skin ideology is
illuminative and spirited with the accomplished
airflow cavity. A ventilated cavity - having a
width, which can range from several
centimeters to several meters - is positioned
between these two skins. Though the heat
extraction, the solar shading devices are
placed inside the cavity (Poirazis 2004). Besides
the automated equipment-shading devices;
motorized openings or fans, are also frequently
preferred to be integrated into the façade. The
main difference between a ventilated double
façade and an airtight multiple glazing lies in
the intentional and probably controlled
ventilation of the cavity of the double façade,
with or without integrating a shading device in
the cavity separating the glazing (BBRI, 2004).
In significant, pair of glass called- skins is
separated upon a validated air space/
corridor. The main layer of glass imposes the
insulation, while the air space/corridor between
the layers of glass implements insulation against
temperature extremes, winds, and sound. Sun-
shading devices are often located between
the two skins. All elements can be arranged
differently into numbers of permutations and
combinations of both solid and diaphanous
membranes (Harrison, Meyer-Boake, 2003).
Extensively, ventilation of the cavity can be
natural, fan supported or mechanical. Apart
from the type of the ventilation inside the
cavity, the origin and destination of the air can
differ depending mostly on climatic conditions,
use, location, occupational hours of the
building and the HVAC strategy.
2.2.1The Components of DSF and Passive
Design
The DSF incorporates the passive design
strategies of natural ventilation and solar heat
gain into the fabric of the contemporary
building. These are the key components of the
DSF regarding to energy efficiency and human
comfort that certain types of double skin
façades are controlled. These key primitives are
daylight, thermal comfort and natural
ventilation (Boake, T. M., Bes, B., & Arch, M.,
2003).
Solar Heat Gain
In DSFs; the control of solar heat gain is
obtained through the use of shading devices
(typically horizontal blinds) contained within the
air cavity, where the cavity also demonstrates
the ability to absorb some of the incoming solar
radiation. In significant; the external shading
devices claim efficiently reducing the solar
heat in highly glazed buildings. Moreover;
horizontal blinds allow getting the specific
advantages for daylighting.
There are various configurations of horizontal
blind shading devices. They can either be fixed
elements or, typically, operable units that are
either controlled through the occupant or
sensors within the building. However; in each
type the air cavity space has the ability to
draw off some of the initial solar radiation.
Convection currents carry the heated air
upwards and extracts to the exterior through
the venting arrangement at the top of the
cavity.
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Sertaç İlter 63
“A double-skin façade reduces heat losses
because the reduced speed of the air flow
and the increased temperature of the air in the
cavity lowers the rate of heat transfer on the
surface of the glass. This has the effect of
maintaining higher surface temperatures on
the inside of the glass, which in turn means that
the space close to the window can be better
utilized as a result of increased thermal comfort
conditions” (Compagno, 1995)
Consequently; the buffer zone allows for
increased use of the perimeter zone of the
space that typically requires heating or cooling
mechanisms against the exposed glazing. Also,
with the use of improved solar heat transmission
values for glazing the absorption and reflection
of heat can be controlled to minimize solar
heat gain. This can be accomplished through
the use of what is referred to as ‘spectrally
selective glazing’;
Spectral Selectivity refers to the ability of a
glazing material to respond differently to
different wavelengths of solar energy – in other
words, to admit visible light while rejecting
unwanted invisible infrared heat. Newer
products on the market have achieved this
characteristic, permitting much clearer glass
than previously available for solar control
glazing. A glazing with a relatively high visible
transmittance and a low solar heat gain
coefficient indicates that a glazing is selective.
Spectrally selective glazing use special
absorbing tints or coatings, and are typically
either neutral in color or have a blue or
blue/green appearance. An ideal spectrally
selective glazing admits only the part of the
sun’s energy that is useful for daylighting
(O’Connor, Jennifer with: Lee, E., Rubinstein,F.,
Selkowitz,S.,1997).
Natural Ventilation
Natural ventilation allows cooling and
ventilating the space through the use of
passive ventilating methods. The passive use of
air currents plays a significant contribution on
reducing the energy consumption of the
building. Within this process; the exterior glazing
of the double skin demonstrates a layer of air
subsequent to the exterior wall of the building
that is not affected by high velocity wind. This
buffer zone as a key component to the double
skin façade is typically the area admission by
the occupants/users for natural ventilation. In
some instances; the use of operable windows
in the exterior glazing skin is also used for
natural ventilation.
“The reduction of wind pressure by the addition
of the extra pane of glass means that the
windows can be opened even in the
uppermost floors of a high-rise building. Natural
ventilation of offices by fresh air is much more
acceptable to the building’s users and it has
the additional benefits of reducing investment
in air handling systems and also reducing
energy consumption.” (Compagno, 1995, p.
94)
On this basis; a typical strategy of the double
skin façade is to compartmentalize the buffer
zone into separate regions with air supplied by
grilles or vents at each level or individual zone.
This compartmentalization disregards the
impact of noise, sound, smoke and heat
transfer from one section, level or room to the
next area. The use of vents or grilles allows the
control of incoming air by reducing air velocity,
protecting from rain and reducing noise
transmission from the exterior. Such control
allows occupant access to the natural
ventilation in constructions. “Most effective
ways to reduce building services energy
consumption is to exploit natural means and
depend less on mechanical techniques"
(Farmer, Graham and Guy, Simon, 2003).
Extensively; the air cavity space and integrated
solar shading devices control the solar heat
gains that would typically require the use of
mechanical means of air conditioning and air
extraction.
Daylighting
Daylighting is important in two ways; first it
reduces the amount of artificial lighting
required, and secondly the quality of light from
daylight is preferential to artificial lighting. The
double skin façade with its increased glazing
coverage improves the access to daylighting in
the space. The increased daylighting
component of the completely glazed façade
initiates excessive glare and heat at certain
times of the day. These increases require
advance actions in design to struggle their
negative effects. Solar shading devices are
designed into the air cavity space to decrease
solar heat gain through the glazing and reduce
the amount of glare to bring forth by the
increased access to daylight.
3. Findings
The indoor environment is always under the
intense of to be controlled for providing the
users needs by the delivery of different building
services such as heating, cooling, ventilation,
and lighting. This can be explained from the
traditional idea that meeting occupant needs
on comfort and energy savings could be met
by the formation of a static, ultimate thermal
environment. Resembling the ultimate thermal
5. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS, 2(3), 60-66 / 2018
Sertaç İlter 64
environment adjustment as the major gizmo;
the connections on daylight, thermal comfort
and natural ventilation strategies of Bioclimatic
Architecture and DSF Design are utilized in
below Table 2.
Table 2. Daylight, Thermal Comfort and Natural Ventilation
Strategies of Bioclimatic Architecture and DSF Systems.
Throughout reading the indicated findings from
the listed Table 2; the following issues are more
extensively and preciously conducted in
explanation.
The daylight strategy intents to improve how
natural light is captured and allowed to
penetrate a space, and to improve how it is
then diffused and focused. Controlling light to
avoid visual discomfort must also be
considered. The intelligent use of daylight
allows the reduction of electricity consumption
for lighting.
• Shading and Control: Excessive daylight
penetration can cause visual discomfort. This
can be controlled by architectural features like
canopies, overhangs and reflectors in
Bioclimatic Architecture, and with fixed or
movable shading devices which contained in
air cavity or exterior layer of DSF systems.
• Capturing: Windows into spaces
convey a certain amount of daylight. This can
be available in Bioclimatic Architecture with
designing required size of windows and
reflective surfaces on the ground such as,
water elements or paving and also fully glazed
transparent surfaces may contribute to
capturing more light in DSF systems.
• Penetration: The way daylight
penetrates into spaces depending on the
position, orientation, angle, size and type of
glazing which are necessary circumstances for
Bioclimatic Architecture, but DSF systems can
occur penetration of daylight by fully glazed
exterior of interior layer.
• Distribution: Daylight can be diffused by
an appropriate type of glazing usage or by
reflectors that allow light for penetration, both
in Bioclimatic Architecture and DSF systems.
The thermal comfort strategy is a response
predominantly to winter comfort: capturing the
heat from solar radiation, storing it in the mass
of the structure.
• Heat capturing: Capturing heat in
Bioclimatic Architecture comprises of storing
solar energy and converting into heat. The solar
radiation received by a structure depends on
climate together with the orientation of the
building, the nature of its surfaces and the
materials used, on the topography of the site
and glazed surfaces. In DSF systems, orientation
of DSF, directs heat gain and transmits diffused
solar radiation through glazed layers that can
capture heat.
• Storage: Heat storage can be
accomplished with materials among
accumulating heat capacity and absorptive
double-glazing for DSF systems.
• Retention: Retention is the air-tightness
of the building’s skin together with the
insulation properties of its walls that reduce
heat loss in Bioclimatic Architecture; dividing a
structure into different spaces for creating a
distinct temperature zones. Same idea can be
used in DSF systems by compartmenting the air
cavity into separated regions with air supplied
by grills or vents.
• Distribution: Distribution means
conveying the air to the spaces. Air (heat) can
be distributed with the thermo-circulation of
the air (rising movement of warm air). This can
be achieved through the air cavity that DSF
systems contain where raised air must also be
regulated according to the spatial needs and
usage that Bioclimatic Architecture claims.
The natural ventilation strategy is a response to
the requirements for summer comfort: shading
from solar radiation, dissipating excess heat
and cooling down naturally.
• Shading: Bioclimatic Architecture
essentially sets the external shading screens,
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Sertaç İlter 65
which could be permanent or mobile. In DSF
systems; shading devices generally arise in the
air cavity for creating fully glazed façade
without any additional architectural features. In
addition to this; sufficient insulation should be
used to prevent accumulation of heat.
• Dissipating Excess Heat: Dissipating of
excess heat can be achieved through natural
ventilation by using outlets, where temperature
differences create a chimney effect in
Bioclimatic Architecture. Likewise; DSF systems
can achieve dissipating of excess heat for
creating stack and chimney effect through the
air cavity by using air inlets and outlets.
• Cooling the Structure: Cooling in
Bioclimatic Architecture and DSF systems can
be easily achieved by natural means.
Common solution to ensure ventilation is to
increase the speed of air circulation by venturi
effect or wind towers created with buffer zone
(air cavity). DSF systems also comprise operable
windows, which located in the internal layer of
the skin and air inlets, both on external and
internal layers. In addition to these; some
natural features can be used for cooling such
as water features, plants and underground
ducting, etc. in Bioclimatic Architecture.
4. Conclusion
Bioclimatic Architecture promotes valid major
strategies to be considered as a major
framework leading the ecological approaches
in building industry. The general framework of
Bioclimatic Architecture significantly estimates
the grounds on understanding sustainability
and its ecological implementations in building
industry. Bioclimatic Architecture principles and
strategies emphasize the pragmatic need for
an amalgamated and universal approach on
implementing sustainability in building projects.
The challenge for the designers is to bring
different bioclimatic architecture principles
together with contemporary ways. The main
challenge with highly glazed buildings lies
especially in their ability to respond and
acclimatize rapidly to the external environment
according to occupants’ requirements
throughout the year. This is feasible by means
of high-tech systems to control temperature,
light and ventilation. According to the findings,
an excessive correspondence has been
comprehended between DSF systems and
Bioclimatic Architecture strategies. Reducing
heat demand, providing view through highly
glazed surface, controlling solar heat gain,
allowing natural ventilation with provided
thermal insulation barrier, reducing artificial
lighting to improve occupants comfort are all
appropriate to be achieved in DSF systems.
Consequently; DSF systems of contemporary
architecture can be illuminated as the
equivalent trend of Bioclimatic Architecture
that adjusts its fundamental ecological
strategies on daylight, thermal comfort and
natural ventilation.
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