Expected utility theory provides a framework for modeling rational decision making under uncertainty. It was first proposed in the 18th century and suggests that rational investors will make decisions based on both the potential outcomes of an investment and the probabilities of those outcomes occurring. The document outlines several key assumptions of expected utility theory, such as ranking alternatives and preferring dominant investments. It also discusses criteria for investment decisions under the theory, such as maximizing expected return. Finally, it reviews several other economic theories that are based on or related to expected utility theory, such as marginal utility theory, game theory, and subjective expected utility theory.