The document summarizes the origins and early expansion of Islam. It describes pre-Islamic Arabia and the life of Muhammad, who received revelations from God and began preaching Islam. Muhammad's followers faced persecution in Mecca, leading to the Hijra or migration to Medina in 622 and establishing the Muslim calendar. The five pillars of Islam are outlined as professing faith, daily prayer, pilgrimage to Mecca, fasting during Ramadan, and alms-giving. The early Islamic caliphates rapidly expanded the Arab Empire across the Middle East and North Africa under the Rashidun and Umayyad caliphates before the Abbasids moved the capital to Baghdad.
The Umayyad clan was initially opposed to Muhammad but later embraced Islam and became a powerful Muslim family. After Muhammad's death, the Umayyads led the majority Sunni Muslims while some broke away to form the Shiite minority who believed leadership should remain within Muhammad's family. The Umayyads rapidly conquered territories across North Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Europe until being halted at the Battle of Tours in 732. Their rule ended when the Abbasid family revolted in 750 and established their capital in Baghdad, moving the empire's center away from Syria.
The Abbasids ruled from 751-983 AD and established their capital in Baghdad. During their Golden Age from 775-861 AD, Baghdad became a global center for science, philosophy, medicine and education under rulers like Al-Mansour and Harun Al-Rashid. The House of Wisdom gathered knowledge from many cultures and advanced fields like algebra, geometry, astronomy, and the introduction of paper and the number zero. However, as the empire grew too large to govern effectively and rulers became distant from the people, rebellions emerged and the Abbasid Caliph became merely a religious figurehead by 930 AD, leading to their eventual decline.
The presentation is about Morality in Ummayad and Abbasid time period. Th e presentation includes:
~What is Morality?
~Morality in Islam
~Sources of Morality in Islam
~Ummayad Dynasty
~Morality in Ummayad Dynasty
~Fall of Ummayads
~Abbasid Dynasty
~Morality in Abbasid Dynasty
~Fall of Abbasid Dynasty
~Conclusion
This document provides an overview of the four Rashidun caliphs who succeeded the prophet Muhammad from 632 to 661 CE: Abu Bakr, Umar ibn Al-Khattab, Uthman ibn Affan, and Ali ibn Abi Talib. It discusses their contributions to expanding Islamic rule, establishing political and economic systems, and compiling the Quran. While the Rashidun caliphates helped spread Islam and govern successfully, after Ali differences emerged that divided Muslims into Sunni and Shia branches.
After the death of Abu Bakr, disputes over succession led to the establishment of the Umayyad dynasty in 661. The Umayyads expanded the Islamic empire significantly but faced revolts due to discrimination, splitting Islam into the Sunni and Shia sects. In 750, the Abbasid dynasty overthrew the Umayyads and moved the capital to Baghdad, ushering in a period of prosperity. However, regional rulers gained independence and the Fatimid dynasty was later overthrown by the Seljuk Turks, leading the Byzantine emperor to request Christian assistance and launching the Crusades between Christians and Muslims.
Harun al-Rashid was the fifth Abbasid Caliph who presided over a golden age of Islamic civilization. However, after his death civil war broke out and the Abbasid dynasty declined due to slave mercenaries seizing power, increasing taxation, and environmental disasters. The arrival of the Seljuk Turks and Crusaders further weakened the Abbasids. Meanwhile, Islam spread through trade to South and Southeast Asia, establishing the Delhi Sultanate in India and gradually converting parts of Indonesia and Malaysia.
The document summarizes the origins and early expansion of Islam. It describes pre-Islamic Arabia and the life of Muhammad, who received revelations from God and began preaching Islam. Muhammad's followers faced persecution in Mecca, leading to the Hijra or migration to Medina in 622 and establishing the Muslim calendar. The five pillars of Islam are outlined as professing faith, daily prayer, pilgrimage to Mecca, fasting during Ramadan, and alms-giving. The early Islamic caliphates rapidly expanded the Arab Empire across the Middle East and North Africa under the Rashidun and Umayyad caliphates before the Abbasids moved the capital to Baghdad.
The Umayyad clan was initially opposed to Muhammad but later embraced Islam and became a powerful Muslim family. After Muhammad's death, the Umayyads led the majority Sunni Muslims while some broke away to form the Shiite minority who believed leadership should remain within Muhammad's family. The Umayyads rapidly conquered territories across North Africa, the Middle East, and parts of Europe until being halted at the Battle of Tours in 732. Their rule ended when the Abbasid family revolted in 750 and established their capital in Baghdad, moving the empire's center away from Syria.
The Abbasids ruled from 751-983 AD and established their capital in Baghdad. During their Golden Age from 775-861 AD, Baghdad became a global center for science, philosophy, medicine and education under rulers like Al-Mansour and Harun Al-Rashid. The House of Wisdom gathered knowledge from many cultures and advanced fields like algebra, geometry, astronomy, and the introduction of paper and the number zero. However, as the empire grew too large to govern effectively and rulers became distant from the people, rebellions emerged and the Abbasid Caliph became merely a religious figurehead by 930 AD, leading to their eventual decline.
The presentation is about Morality in Ummayad and Abbasid time period. Th e presentation includes:
~What is Morality?
~Morality in Islam
~Sources of Morality in Islam
~Ummayad Dynasty
~Morality in Ummayad Dynasty
~Fall of Ummayads
~Abbasid Dynasty
~Morality in Abbasid Dynasty
~Fall of Abbasid Dynasty
~Conclusion
This document provides an overview of the four Rashidun caliphs who succeeded the prophet Muhammad from 632 to 661 CE: Abu Bakr, Umar ibn Al-Khattab, Uthman ibn Affan, and Ali ibn Abi Talib. It discusses their contributions to expanding Islamic rule, establishing political and economic systems, and compiling the Quran. While the Rashidun caliphates helped spread Islam and govern successfully, after Ali differences emerged that divided Muslims into Sunni and Shia branches.
After the death of Abu Bakr, disputes over succession led to the establishment of the Umayyad dynasty in 661. The Umayyads expanded the Islamic empire significantly but faced revolts due to discrimination, splitting Islam into the Sunni and Shia sects. In 750, the Abbasid dynasty overthrew the Umayyads and moved the capital to Baghdad, ushering in a period of prosperity. However, regional rulers gained independence and the Fatimid dynasty was later overthrown by the Seljuk Turks, leading the Byzantine emperor to request Christian assistance and launching the Crusades between Christians and Muslims.
Harun al-Rashid was the fifth Abbasid Caliph who presided over a golden age of Islamic civilization. However, after his death civil war broke out and the Abbasid dynasty declined due to slave mercenaries seizing power, increasing taxation, and environmental disasters. The arrival of the Seljuk Turks and Crusaders further weakened the Abbasids. Meanwhile, Islam spread through trade to South and Southeast Asia, establishing the Delhi Sultanate in India and gradually converting parts of Indonesia and Malaysia.
The document discusses the early expansion of Islam following the death of Muhammad. It summarizes that under the first two caliphs, Abu Bakr and Umar, the Islamic empire grew rapidly to include Syria, Persia, and parts of North Africa within 25 years and additional territories like parts of India and Spain within 100 years. It also explains how the Islamic community divided between the Sunni and Shia sects following disagreements over succession after the death of the third caliph Uthman. Specifically, some protested Ali's selection as caliph due to his relation to Uthman's killers, leading to ongoing tensions.
The Umayyad Caliphate began in 661 AD after Mu'awiyah defeated the fourth caliph Ali and established the Umayyad dynasty. The Umayyads expanded the Islamic empire significantly through military conquests. They also standardized the administration of the empire by establishing boards to oversee finances, correspondence, and other functions. The Umayyads made Damascus their capital and ruled over a vast territory, spreading Islam widely during their rule. However, internal conflicts and the rise of the Abbasid revolutionary movement eventually led to the downfall of the Umayyad dynasty in 750 AD.
The document summarizes the spread of Islam from the 7th century to the early 20th century. It began with the prophet Muhammad and the early caliphates, then expanded under the Umayyad and Abbasid empires across North Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. Major Islamic empires like the Ottomans, Safavids and Mughals aided the spread. By the 15th century, Islam had reached the Philippines, Indonesia, West Africa and other regions through trade, conquest and conversion. The rapid expansion was aided by Islam's simplicity of belief and concepts of equality.
Islam originated in the 7th century in the Arabian Peninsula. The prophet Muhammad received revelations from God and began preaching the religion of Islam. After Muhammad's death, his followers spread Islam across Asia, North Africa, and parts of Europe. Islam is a monotheistic faith that believes in one God and that Muhammad is his final prophet. The religion's core beliefs and practices are outlined in the Five Pillars of Islam.
The document summarizes the rise and fall of the Umayyad Caliphate between 661-750 CE and the transition to the Abbasid Caliphate. It describes how the Umayyads established the first Islamic dynasty in Damascus after the Muslim Civil War, but internal divisions and indulgence in luxury weakened their rule over time. The Abbasids then overthrew the Umayyads in 750 CE with the support of non-Arab Muslims, establishing a new capital in Baghdad and administrative structure influenced by Persian traditions that led to two centuries of stability and prosperity known as the Golden Age of Islam.
The Umayyad caliphs expanded the Islamic empire greatly after the death of Muhammad. Under the Umayyads, the empire grew to include lands in Africa, Asia, and Europe. The Umayyads established effective governance over this vast territory through a bureaucracy and appointment of local governors. However, over time unrest grew as the Umayyads neglected Islamic law and established a hereditary ruling family, leading to their overthrow by the Abbasids in 750 CE.
The rise and fall of the Islamic Caliphate from its beginnings to its end can be summarized as follows:
1) The first Caliphate, the Rashidun Caliphate, was established after the death of the Prophet Muhammad and spanned from 632-661 CE under the leadership of the first four caliphs. It expanded Muslim rule across the Middle East and North Africa.
2) The Umayyad Caliphate (661-750 CE) continued expanding the empire significantly to include most of the Iberian Peninsula and the Caucasus. Conflict between Shia and Sunni Muslims grew during this period.
3) The Abbasid Caliphate (750-12
The Abbasid Caliphate was a large Islamic empire centered in Baghdad from 750 CE to 1258 CE. It stretched from Central Asia to North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula. The dominant religion was Islam, though other faiths were tolerated. During its peak from 786-861 CE, the empire experienced great cultural and economic heights. It eventually declined due to internal conflicts and was finally destroyed by the Mongol invasion of Baghdad in 1258 CE.
This is a PowerPoint presentation on the topic The Umayyad Dynasty. In this ppt I have written all basic information about Umayyad Dynasty and I hope so that you all will like this presentation and my all those efforts that I put to make it.
Thankyou so much!
The document summarizes the rise of the Arab Islamic Empire from 622-1450 AD in three parts: 1) The birth of Islam under Muhammad and the early conquests that unified Arabia from 622-632 AD. 2) The expansion of the Islamic empire through military conquest and conversion from 633-750 AD into North Africa, Spain, the Middle East and parts of India. 3) The cultural and intellectual golden age of the empire from 800-1255 AD, particularly in Spain, followed by its decline after the Mongol invasion and sack of Baghdad in 1258 AD.
1) In spite of internal conflicts between Sunni and Shi'a Muslims, the Muslim empire expanded greatly under early caliphs and the Umayyad dynasty to span three continents.
2) The Abbasid dynasty replaced the Umayyads and moved the capital to Baghdad, consolidating power over a vast bureaucracy.
3) However, independent Muslim states and the Fatimid caliphate divided rule, and the Umayyads established control in Islamic Spain as the caliphate of al-Andalus.
Islam spread rapidly across Arabia in the decades following the prophet Muhammad's death in 632 CE. Arab armies conquered vast lands, reaching as far as Spain by 711 CE and establishing an empire that stretched from Spain to Pakistan. However, the lack of a clear succession plan after Muhammad caused conflicts between those who supported Muhammad's son-in-law Ali and the Umayyad clan who ultimately took control. This split Muslims into the Sunni and Shi'a branches that remain today. The Umayyads went on to establish their capital at Damascus and build a powerful caliphate, though internal rivalries remained.
The Umayyad Caliphate was the second Islamic caliphate established after Muhammad. It divided the empire into provinces governed by appointed leaders. To manage the large empire, it adapted the administrative system of previous empires, establishing government branches to oversee political, economic, and religious affairs. The Umayyad Caliphate also standardized currency and established a postal system to facilitate communication across the empire.
Caliphate basically means, a state of entire Muslim nation, which is recognized by the Islam. It doesn’t mean only for Muslim, but also non-Muslims can also have citizenship of the Caliphate. It is the symbol of spiritual, political, economical and military unity.
There was many other empire claimed to be the Caliphate, but this three empire was well recognized by the entire Muslim nation, though they didn’t control over entire Muslim nation all along.
The document discusses the collapse of the Ottoman Caliphate and the rise of the secular Saudi-Wahhabi nation-state. It argues that British diplomacy played a key role in attacking and destroying the Caliphate. The abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate after World War I coincided with the emergence of Saudi Arabia, which rejected the supremacy of Islam over the state, thereby secularizing the heartland of Islam. This represented a major step back towards pre-Islamic Jahiliyyah and diminished Islamic power globally. Understanding how the Caliphate was lost is the first step to countering current threats to Islamic institutions like the Hajj pilgrimage.
The document provides an overview of the Muslim world from 600-1250 CE. It discusses how tolerance of other cultures and a focus on learning helped Muslim leaders build a large empire that stretched across parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe. Key events mentioned include the rise of Islam under Muhammad, the expansion of the Muslim empire under early caliphs, and the growth of Muslim culture and learning centers in major cities under later caliphates.
This document discusses the early history of Islam and the Arab caliphates. It describes the first four caliphs - Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali - who led the Muslim community after the Prophet Muhammad. During their reigns, Islam expanded beyond Arabia through military conquests. The Umayyad dynasty then ruled and further spread Islam into regions like North Africa, Spain, Central Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. However, the Muslim states faced threats from Crusaders and Mongol invaders. Salahuddin and Sultan Qutuz helped defeat the Crusaders and Mongols through important military victories.
Islam originated in the 7th century AD on the Arabian Peninsula. The religion was founded by the prophet Muhammad after he began receiving revelations from God (Allah) at age 40. Muhammad's teachings were based on strict monotheism and he and his followers faced persecution in Mecca, leading to the migration (Hijra) to Medina in 622 AD which marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. Islam then rapidly spread across Asia, Africa, and parts of Europe through military conquests and trade routes, establishing a large empire with political and cultural influence. Key beliefs include submission to Allah as the one true God and Muhammad as his final prophet. The Quran is the holy text and the five pillars provide a
Salahuddin Ayyubi is a brilliant hero in Islamic history who is respected by Muslims and Christians alike for his justice and kindness. This is about 1137 AD. In the Iraqi city of Tikrit, in the house of Amir Najmuddin Ayyub of a Zengid dynasty, a boy was born, who was named Yusuf, and today the whole world knows the name of Sultan Salahuddin Ayyubi.
The document discusses the early expansion of Islam following the death of Muhammad. It summarizes that under the first two caliphs, Abu Bakr and Umar, the Islamic empire grew rapidly to include Syria, Persia, and parts of North Africa within 25 years and additional territories like parts of India and Spain within 100 years. It also explains how the Islamic community divided between the Sunni and Shia sects following disagreements over succession after the death of the third caliph Uthman. Specifically, some protested Ali's selection as caliph due to his relation to Uthman's killers, leading to ongoing tensions.
The Umayyad Caliphate began in 661 AD after Mu'awiyah defeated the fourth caliph Ali and established the Umayyad dynasty. The Umayyads expanded the Islamic empire significantly through military conquests. They also standardized the administration of the empire by establishing boards to oversee finances, correspondence, and other functions. The Umayyads made Damascus their capital and ruled over a vast territory, spreading Islam widely during their rule. However, internal conflicts and the rise of the Abbasid revolutionary movement eventually led to the downfall of the Umayyad dynasty in 750 AD.
The document summarizes the spread of Islam from the 7th century to the early 20th century. It began with the prophet Muhammad and the early caliphates, then expanded under the Umayyad and Abbasid empires across North Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. Major Islamic empires like the Ottomans, Safavids and Mughals aided the spread. By the 15th century, Islam had reached the Philippines, Indonesia, West Africa and other regions through trade, conquest and conversion. The rapid expansion was aided by Islam's simplicity of belief and concepts of equality.
Islam originated in the 7th century in the Arabian Peninsula. The prophet Muhammad received revelations from God and began preaching the religion of Islam. After Muhammad's death, his followers spread Islam across Asia, North Africa, and parts of Europe. Islam is a monotheistic faith that believes in one God and that Muhammad is his final prophet. The religion's core beliefs and practices are outlined in the Five Pillars of Islam.
The document summarizes the rise and fall of the Umayyad Caliphate between 661-750 CE and the transition to the Abbasid Caliphate. It describes how the Umayyads established the first Islamic dynasty in Damascus after the Muslim Civil War, but internal divisions and indulgence in luxury weakened their rule over time. The Abbasids then overthrew the Umayyads in 750 CE with the support of non-Arab Muslims, establishing a new capital in Baghdad and administrative structure influenced by Persian traditions that led to two centuries of stability and prosperity known as the Golden Age of Islam.
The Umayyad caliphs expanded the Islamic empire greatly after the death of Muhammad. Under the Umayyads, the empire grew to include lands in Africa, Asia, and Europe. The Umayyads established effective governance over this vast territory through a bureaucracy and appointment of local governors. However, over time unrest grew as the Umayyads neglected Islamic law and established a hereditary ruling family, leading to their overthrow by the Abbasids in 750 CE.
The rise and fall of the Islamic Caliphate from its beginnings to its end can be summarized as follows:
1) The first Caliphate, the Rashidun Caliphate, was established after the death of the Prophet Muhammad and spanned from 632-661 CE under the leadership of the first four caliphs. It expanded Muslim rule across the Middle East and North Africa.
2) The Umayyad Caliphate (661-750 CE) continued expanding the empire significantly to include most of the Iberian Peninsula and the Caucasus. Conflict between Shia and Sunni Muslims grew during this period.
3) The Abbasid Caliphate (750-12
The Abbasid Caliphate was a large Islamic empire centered in Baghdad from 750 CE to 1258 CE. It stretched from Central Asia to North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula. The dominant religion was Islam, though other faiths were tolerated. During its peak from 786-861 CE, the empire experienced great cultural and economic heights. It eventually declined due to internal conflicts and was finally destroyed by the Mongol invasion of Baghdad in 1258 CE.
This is a PowerPoint presentation on the topic The Umayyad Dynasty. In this ppt I have written all basic information about Umayyad Dynasty and I hope so that you all will like this presentation and my all those efforts that I put to make it.
Thankyou so much!
The document summarizes the rise of the Arab Islamic Empire from 622-1450 AD in three parts: 1) The birth of Islam under Muhammad and the early conquests that unified Arabia from 622-632 AD. 2) The expansion of the Islamic empire through military conquest and conversion from 633-750 AD into North Africa, Spain, the Middle East and parts of India. 3) The cultural and intellectual golden age of the empire from 800-1255 AD, particularly in Spain, followed by its decline after the Mongol invasion and sack of Baghdad in 1258 AD.
1) In spite of internal conflicts between Sunni and Shi'a Muslims, the Muslim empire expanded greatly under early caliphs and the Umayyad dynasty to span three continents.
2) The Abbasid dynasty replaced the Umayyads and moved the capital to Baghdad, consolidating power over a vast bureaucracy.
3) However, independent Muslim states and the Fatimid caliphate divided rule, and the Umayyads established control in Islamic Spain as the caliphate of al-Andalus.
Islam spread rapidly across Arabia in the decades following the prophet Muhammad's death in 632 CE. Arab armies conquered vast lands, reaching as far as Spain by 711 CE and establishing an empire that stretched from Spain to Pakistan. However, the lack of a clear succession plan after Muhammad caused conflicts between those who supported Muhammad's son-in-law Ali and the Umayyad clan who ultimately took control. This split Muslims into the Sunni and Shi'a branches that remain today. The Umayyads went on to establish their capital at Damascus and build a powerful caliphate, though internal rivalries remained.
The Umayyad Caliphate was the second Islamic caliphate established after Muhammad. It divided the empire into provinces governed by appointed leaders. To manage the large empire, it adapted the administrative system of previous empires, establishing government branches to oversee political, economic, and religious affairs. The Umayyad Caliphate also standardized currency and established a postal system to facilitate communication across the empire.
Caliphate basically means, a state of entire Muslim nation, which is recognized by the Islam. It doesn’t mean only for Muslim, but also non-Muslims can also have citizenship of the Caliphate. It is the symbol of spiritual, political, economical and military unity.
There was many other empire claimed to be the Caliphate, but this three empire was well recognized by the entire Muslim nation, though they didn’t control over entire Muslim nation all along.
The document discusses the collapse of the Ottoman Caliphate and the rise of the secular Saudi-Wahhabi nation-state. It argues that British diplomacy played a key role in attacking and destroying the Caliphate. The abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate after World War I coincided with the emergence of Saudi Arabia, which rejected the supremacy of Islam over the state, thereby secularizing the heartland of Islam. This represented a major step back towards pre-Islamic Jahiliyyah and diminished Islamic power globally. Understanding how the Caliphate was lost is the first step to countering current threats to Islamic institutions like the Hajj pilgrimage.
The document provides an overview of the Muslim world from 600-1250 CE. It discusses how tolerance of other cultures and a focus on learning helped Muslim leaders build a large empire that stretched across parts of Asia, Africa, and Europe. Key events mentioned include the rise of Islam under Muhammad, the expansion of the Muslim empire under early caliphs, and the growth of Muslim culture and learning centers in major cities under later caliphates.
This document discusses the early history of Islam and the Arab caliphates. It describes the first four caliphs - Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali - who led the Muslim community after the Prophet Muhammad. During their reigns, Islam expanded beyond Arabia through military conquests. The Umayyad dynasty then ruled and further spread Islam into regions like North Africa, Spain, Central Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. However, the Muslim states faced threats from Crusaders and Mongol invaders. Salahuddin and Sultan Qutuz helped defeat the Crusaders and Mongols through important military victories.
Islam originated in the 7th century AD on the Arabian Peninsula. The religion was founded by the prophet Muhammad after he began receiving revelations from God (Allah) at age 40. Muhammad's teachings were based on strict monotheism and he and his followers faced persecution in Mecca, leading to the migration (Hijra) to Medina in 622 AD which marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. Islam then rapidly spread across Asia, Africa, and parts of Europe through military conquests and trade routes, establishing a large empire with political and cultural influence. Key beliefs include submission to Allah as the one true God and Muhammad as his final prophet. The Quran is the holy text and the five pillars provide a
Salahuddin Ayyubi is a brilliant hero in Islamic history who is respected by Muslims and Christians alike for his justice and kindness. This is about 1137 AD. In the Iraqi city of Tikrit, in the house of Amir Najmuddin Ayyub of a Zengid dynasty, a boy was born, who was named Yusuf, and today the whole world knows the name of Sultan Salahuddin Ayyubi.
Ringkasan singkat tentang Abdurrahman Ad Dakhil:
1. Abdurrahman Ad Dakhil adalah seorang pangeran Umayyah yang melarikan diri dari Damaskus ke Andalusia setelah kejatuhan dinasti Umayyah.
2. Ia berhasil merebut kekuasaan di Andalusia dan mendirikan dinasti Umayyah Andalusia yang berpusat di Cordoba.
3. Abdurrahman Ad Dakhil wafat pada tahun 172 H/788 M setelah me
After Muhammad's death, a succession dispute arose between the Sunnis and Shiites over who could rightfully lead the Muslim community as caliph. The Sunnis believed the caliph should be elected, while the Shiites believed the caliph must be a descendant of Muhammad. This division persists today. During the Rashidun Caliphate period from 632-661 CE, the first four "rightly guided" caliphs - Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali - expanded the Arab empire through military conquests. Umar's armies took Syria and Egypt, greatly increasing the territory under Muslim rule. However, internal conflicts later weakened the caliphate.
"Rasululllah SAW bersabda -- Akan ditakluki Konstantinopel. Sebaik-baik pemimpin adalah pemimpinnya, dan sebaik-baik tentera adalah tenteranya" (HR Ahmad)
Kaum Muslimin acap kali melupakan para kesatria Muslim. Dan menjadikan tokoh-tokoh dari barat sebagai idola dan ikutan.
Kami menghadirkan sosok Muhammad Al-Fateh kepada saudara semua, sebagai bekal perjalanan sepanjang zaman.
Kredit buat Ustadz Felix Siauw, kerana berjaya menginspirasi dan memotivasi para pemuda Islam, khususnya di Nusantara untuk terus berjuang untuk agama Islam.
Dokumen tersebut merangkum sejarah masuk dan perkembangan Islam di Spanyol selama lebih dari 700 tahun, dimulai dari penaklukan Spanyol oleh pasukan Muslim pada abad ke-8 hingga akhirnya kekuasaan Islam berakhir pada tahun 1492. Islam berkembang pesat di Spanyol pada masa pemerintahan dinasti Umayyah dan Abbasiyah di Cordoba sebelum akhirnya terpecah menjadi beberapa kerajaan kecil.
1. Kerajaan Turki Usmani berdiri setelah bangsa Turki Oghuz yang dipimpin Sulaiman melarikan diri dari serangan Mongol dan mendapat perlindungan di Asia Kecil.
2. Turki Usmani berkembang menjadi kekaisaran besar dengan penaklukan wilayah di Eropa dan Asia termasuk Konstantinopel.
3. Keruntuhan Turki Usmani disebabkan oleh faktor internal seperti korupsi dan faktor eksternal seperti gerakan
Salahuddin Yusuf bin Ayyub was a Muslim general and sultan of Egypt and Syria. He was born in 1138 in Tikrit, Iraq and died in 1193 in Damascus, Syria. He served Nuruddin Zangi and showed his military abilities against the Crusaders. In 1171 he conquered Egypt and united it with the Abbasid Caliphate. He then conquered Damascus in 1174 and other cities, gaining strength. In 1187 he attacked the Kingdom of Jerusalem and gained control of the city. With his conquests he founded the Ayyubid Dynasty and reclaimed Muslim lands from the Crusaders.
Sultan Muhammad Al-Fateh was born in 1432 in Edirne, Turkey and became the ruler of the Ottoman Empire at age 19, ruling for 30 years. He was known for conquering Constantinople in 1453, earning him the nickname "Al-Fateh," meaning "the conqueror." Sultan Muhammad Al-Fateh displayed many traits of an effective leader according to the trait approach to leadership, including charisma, self-confidence, bravery, communication skills, commitment to excellence, forward thinking, and knowledge of warfare from a young age. These innate characteristics helped him successfully lead his armies to capture Constantinople.
European nations scrambled to colonize Africa in the late 19th century over fears of missing out on the continent's raw materials. At the 1884 Berlin Conference, European powers divided up Africa without African representation and agreed to claim territories by establishing outposts. By 1914, Europe had colonized over 90% of Africa, exploiting its resources and altering African societies, though Ethiopia and Liberia maintained independence through military resistance.
This document summarizes early European exploration and colonization efforts beginning in the 15th century. It discusses key explorers like Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan, and their voyages of discovery. It also outlines the conquests of the Aztec and Incan empires by the Spanish, led by conquistadors like Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro. Furthermore, it examines the establishment of European colonies in the Americas and the devastating impacts on indigenous populations, including the trans-Atlantic slave trade that transported over 10 million Africans to the Americas between the 16th and 19th centuries.
Age of Exploration and Treaty of Tordesillasdjfussell
The Treaty of Tordesillas was signed in 1494 between Spain and Portugal to divide lands outside of Europe between the two powers. It established zones of exploration, with Spain receiving lands west of a line 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands, while Portugal received those to the east. However, the boundary was unclear due to lack of geographical knowledge and varying definitions of leagues. This led to later disputes between countries over claims in the Americas and Asia.
Two French kings, Philip Augustus and Philip IV, helped increase royal power in France. Philip Augustus expanded royal lands through conquest and built an effective royal bureaucracy to impose order and collect taxes. Philip IV clashed with Pope Boniface VIII over taxes on the clergy, threatening the pope with arrest, and later exerted more control over the papacy by moving it to Avignon under French influence. Both Philips grew royal authority at the expense of nobles and the Church.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
2. 2
Arabia at the Dawn of Islam
• 622 CE
• Mohammad led
small group
of followers
in Arabia
• Arabia was
home to
competing tribes Major Arabian Tribes at Dawn of Islam
3. 3
Expanse of Islamic
Empire• By 750 CE, stretched across
the Middle East, North Africa
and into Spain
• Largest empire ever up to
that point
• More than twice as large as
the Roman Empire
4. 4
Islamic Empire & Roman Empire
Umayyad Caliphate in 750 CE
Roman Empire in 117 CE
5. How did the Islamic Empire expand?
Central Historical Question
Image retrieved from http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Tribes_english.png
Left image retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Umayyad750ADloc.png
Right image retrieved from http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Roman_Empire_117AD.jpg
Image retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_expansion_of_Caliphate.svg