The document provides instructions for exercises involving the construction of geological maps, profiles, and cross sections from figures. It includes directions to print figures, construct geological boundaries and indicate dip direction/angle, draw lithostratigraphic charts and profiles, and interpret structures like folds and faults from the provided illustrations.

1. The construction of geological maps and profiles
Exercise book
You should print all of the figures in A/4 size (100%)!
You should take along 2 rulers (right angles), compasses, sharp pencils (colours as well), rubber and
protractor in order to implement the exercises!
Please note that some of the figures should be printed twice or three times as indicated below/upper of
the given figure!
1

2. You should print it twice!!!
2

3. You should print it twice!!!
3

4. 4

5. You should print it three times!!!
5

6. Exaggeration
6

7. • The bedding layers are horizontal. Complete the geological map!
• Construct the topographic profile (A-B)!
• Give the thickness of each layer!
• Draw a vertical litostatigraphic chart! 1cm=100m
• Construct the geological profile of A-B!
7

8. •
Construct the strike line of one of the layer boundaries and give the dip directions and dip angle of
the layers!
• Construct N-S oriented geological profile from 10 cms of the left edge of the the figure!
8

9. 9
0° 5° 10°
15° 20° 30°
45° 60° 90°

10. 10
The dip is vertical The dip direction of the layer is the opposite as that of the valley floor
The dip direction of the layer is the same as that of the valley floor
the dip is horizontal
the dip is steeper than that of the valley the dip is less than that of the valley

11. We can see the outcrops of conglomerate, sandstone and claystone on this geological map.
We suppose that the rocks are concordant. Constuct the rock boundaries!
Give the dip direction/dip angle as well!
Construct a geological profile oriented in dip direction!
11

12. 12

13. 1. Give the dip direction/dip angle of the layers!
2. Construct the Y-Z geological profile!
3. Construct the Y-W geological profile! (W=in the corner)
4. Give the thickness of the B, C, D and E layers!
13
W

14. The bedding dip is 70/60° in the A point.
The lower boundary of the sandstone is outcroped in the A point. The well thickness is 500m.
Construct the lower and upper boundary of the sandstone!
Construct geological profile along X-Y line (apparent dip!)
Give the real thickness of the layer!
14
100m
N

15. 15

16. 16
Discordance surfaces
1: 25 000

17. Contour lines are indicated at every 100 metre!
17

18. How thick is the layers below the discordance surface?
Contour lines are indicated at every 100 metre!
18

19. 19

20. 20

21. 21

22. Folds
22

23. 23

24. 24

25. 25
1km

26. 26

27. 27

28. 28

29. Faults
29

30. 30

31. 31

32. 32

33. 33

34. 34

35. 35

36. 36

37. Construction of geological profile from wells
Construct profile in 1: 10 000 scale! The trend of the profile should be 240-60°. Give the coordinates!
The EOV (Coordinate system of Hungary) coordinate of the 1st well is: X 209300m, Y 551500m. The
other wells can be found from the given distance of the 1st well.
200m 270m 340m 230m 200m 200m 370m 300m 270m
37
Well number
elev. a.s.l. (m)
Lower Oligocene
Eocene marl
Eocene limestone
Eocene bauxite
Eocene coal
Lower Jurassic limestone
Upper Triassic limestone
Upper Triassic marl
Upper Triassic dolomite
Total depth (m)
Well number
EOV X
EOV Y
EOV Z (elev.)
Ol. gravel
Ol. clay
Ol. sandstone
Eocene tuffitic marl
Eocene marl
Eocene limestone
Eocene sandstone
Eocene coaly clay
Jurassic marl
Upper Triassic limestone
Upper Triassic marl
Upper Triassic dolomite
Total depth (m)
Fault zone