3. Mathematical Operators Use parentheses to override the Order of Operations Mathematical Operators + Addition - Subtraction * Multiplication / Division % Percent ^ Exponentiation Order of Operations Negation Percent Exponentiation Multiplication, Division, left to right Addition, Subtraction , left to right
4. Writing Formulas Begin with the equal (=) sign Then type remainder of formula Select cell that is to contain a formula
5. Typing in the Formula Bar Formulas can also be entered directly in the Formula bar Formula bar always displays formula, while active cell displays the formatted result of the formula
6. Copying Cells or a Formula 1. Select cells to copy from 3. Select area to paste copied cells into 2. Click Copy button or press Ctrl + C 4. Click Paste button or press Ctrl + V
7. Copying Formulas with the Fill Handle Insert formula in cell; with cell active, use fill handle to drag through cells that should contain the formula Cell references change relatively in the target cells when copying a formula
8. Write a Formula by Pointing Click the cell that will contain the formula, type the = sign Then click the cell you want to reference in the formula Enter the mathematical operator, click the next cell you want to reference, then press Enter
9. Using the Trace Error Button A Smart tag button may appear, depending on the action performed. Click Trace Error button (a Smart Tag) to display a list of options
10. Inserting Formulas with Functions =SUM(B3:B9,100) function argument this time a range of cells argument this time a constant Cell retains the formula but displays the calculated result =AVERAGE(d3:f9) Can type function or use Formula tab, Insert Function
11. Using the Insert Function Feature Click the Formulas Tab Then the Insert Function button Click arrow to display categories Or select a function from the list box
12. Function Arguments Palette If necessary, drag the Title bar of the Function Arguments Palette to display cell(s) behind Enter range of cells Displays information About the function Click to display help on the function
13. Statistical Functions AVERAGE A range of cells is added together and divided by the number of cell entries Ignores cells with text and blank cells (does not ignore zeros)
16. Displaying Formulas Press Ctrl + ` (accent grave) to display formulas rather than calculated values ` is above the Tab key, to the left of the 1
17. Financial Functions PMT Calculates the periodic payment for a loan based on a set number of payments and a set interest rate
18. Financial Functions…/2 FV Calculates the future value of a series of equal payments or an annuity with a specific interest rate over a specific period of time
19. Date and Time Functions NOW Returns the serial number of the current date and time on the computer’s clock
20. Date and Time Functions…/2 DATE Returns the serial number of a particular date Excel stores dates as serial numbers - January 1, 1900 is serial number 1
21. Logical Functions IF Performs conditional tests on values and formulas using true or false test Use nested IF functions in a formula where more than two actions are required
22. Editing a Formula Edit in the cell or in the Formula bar text box Excel will highlight cells used in the formula. Press Enter when finished editing; Excel will recalculate automatically.
26. How can you copy a formula to adjacent cells? Features Summary Using fill handle, drag through cells you want to contain the formula OR Select the formula, click Copy, select target cells, click Paste
27. How do you display the Insert Function dialog box? Features Summary Click Formulas tab, Insert Function
28. Which function would you use to calculate the average of a range of cells? Features Summary AVERAGE function
29. Which function would you use to calculate the monthly payment for a loan? Features Summary PMT function
30. How can you show the formulas instead of the result of the formulas? Features Summary Press Ctrl + ` (accent grave)
31. How do you create an absolute cell reference? Features Summary Type $ in front of the cell row and /or column Examples: $D$2, $E3, $G$5:$G$8, H$2 OR Position the insertion point in the cell after the relative cell reference; press the F4 key repetitively
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