Examining disease risk communications for disease control management: implementing biosecurity measures on English cattle farms in the context of the disease bovine tuberculosis - By Sally Curzon RAU
An overview of PhD research in the area of risk communications for animal disease management and incorporating approaches to fieldwork for second year stage of research.
Bovine tuberculosis prevalence and economic impact in RwandaNanyingi Mark
This study evaluated the prevalence and economic impact of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in Rwanda through meat inspection at an abattoir. The researchers found a 0.9% prevalence of gross tuberculous lesions and a 0.5% prevalence of Mycobacterium bovis using culture. M. bovis was identified in 91.3% of culture-positive samples. Females and older cattle had higher prevalences. The study estimated an economic loss of over 3 million Rwandan francs annually from meat condemnation. It highlights the need for continued bTB surveillance and control in Rwanda.
Using a One Health Approach to Control Zoonotic Diseases: Tuberculosis as an ...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document discusses using a One Health approach to control zoonotic tuberculosis. It defines zoonotic tuberculosis as tuberculosis that can be transmitted between humans and animals. It describes the disease, including the causative agents and hosts. It then discusses the epidemiology of zoonotic tuberculosis, including modes of transmission between hosts and control methods. The document advocates for a One Health approach to control zoonotic tuberculosis, citing the complex transmission cycles between multiple hosts and environments. It argues the One Health approach improves efficiency by integrating human, animal, and environmental health surveillance and control programs and encouraging sharing of resources.
Bovine tuberculosis epidemiology & control in indiaBhoj Raj Singh
Tuberculosis in India is in hyperendemic state both in human and animals. No DOTS can help in control of human tuberculosis unless tuberculosis is controlled in animals. Control of tuberculosis in animals is a far reacheachable dream in India and thus the Tuberculosis will persist in India till the dooms day.
This study investigated human-to-bovine tuberculosis transmission in Chennai, India using molecular epidemiology techniques. Milk and lymph node samples from cattle were tested, and 3 milk samples were found to contain M. tuberculosis strains matching human strains, showing potential reverse zoonotic transmission. The study establishes a baseline for effective public health and One Health control measures against tuberculosis in humans and animals through disease screening, interventional strategies, and policy changes to stop cross-species transmission.
Diagnostic tools to detect pathogens causing tuberculosis in cattle and prev...ExternalEvents
This document discusses diagnostic tools for detecting Mycobacterium bovis, the pathogen that causes bovine tuberculosis, in cattle. It describes several tests, including the intradermal tuberculin test, the interferon-gamma test, post-mortem inspection, and PCR tests applied to milk and tissue samples. Each method has advantages and limitations in sensitivity, specificity, costs, and other factors. Genome sequencing is also discussed as a way to trace the origin of new tuberculosis cases as eradication programs progress.
Bovine TB is a complex infectious zoonotic disease of animals and humans. In this presentation BVA explain more about this disease, how it is spread and BVA policy approaches to badger culling. This was a presentation given to UK Parliamentarians on the 27th October 2015.
Bovine tuberculosis prevalence and economic impact in RwandaNanyingi Mark
This study evaluated the prevalence and economic impact of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in Rwanda through meat inspection at an abattoir. The researchers found a 0.9% prevalence of gross tuberculous lesions and a 0.5% prevalence of Mycobacterium bovis using culture. M. bovis was identified in 91.3% of culture-positive samples. Females and older cattle had higher prevalences. The study estimated an economic loss of over 3 million Rwandan francs annually from meat condemnation. It highlights the need for continued bTB surveillance and control in Rwanda.
Using a One Health Approach to Control Zoonotic Diseases: Tuberculosis as an ...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document discusses using a One Health approach to control zoonotic tuberculosis. It defines zoonotic tuberculosis as tuberculosis that can be transmitted between humans and animals. It describes the disease, including the causative agents and hosts. It then discusses the epidemiology of zoonotic tuberculosis, including modes of transmission between hosts and control methods. The document advocates for a One Health approach to control zoonotic tuberculosis, citing the complex transmission cycles between multiple hosts and environments. It argues the One Health approach improves efficiency by integrating human, animal, and environmental health surveillance and control programs and encouraging sharing of resources.
Bovine tuberculosis epidemiology & control in indiaBhoj Raj Singh
Tuberculosis in India is in hyperendemic state both in human and animals. No DOTS can help in control of human tuberculosis unless tuberculosis is controlled in animals. Control of tuberculosis in animals is a far reacheachable dream in India and thus the Tuberculosis will persist in India till the dooms day.
This study investigated human-to-bovine tuberculosis transmission in Chennai, India using molecular epidemiology techniques. Milk and lymph node samples from cattle were tested, and 3 milk samples were found to contain M. tuberculosis strains matching human strains, showing potential reverse zoonotic transmission. The study establishes a baseline for effective public health and One Health control measures against tuberculosis in humans and animals through disease screening, interventional strategies, and policy changes to stop cross-species transmission.
Diagnostic tools to detect pathogens causing tuberculosis in cattle and prev...ExternalEvents
This document discusses diagnostic tools for detecting Mycobacterium bovis, the pathogen that causes bovine tuberculosis, in cattle. It describes several tests, including the intradermal tuberculin test, the interferon-gamma test, post-mortem inspection, and PCR tests applied to milk and tissue samples. Each method has advantages and limitations in sensitivity, specificity, costs, and other factors. Genome sequencing is also discussed as a way to trace the origin of new tuberculosis cases as eradication programs progress.
Bovine TB is a complex infectious zoonotic disease of animals and humans. In this presentation BVA explain more about this disease, how it is spread and BVA policy approaches to badger culling. This was a presentation given to UK Parliamentarians on the 27th October 2015.
Epidemiology and control of tuberculosis and rntcp programmeJoslita Dsouza
This document discusses tuberculosis epidemiology and control in India through the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP). It notes that India accounts for 20% of the global TB burden. The RNTCP was launched in 1992 with goals of achieving an 85% cure rate through directly observed treatment, short course (DOTS) and detecting 70% of estimated cases. It has expanded DOTS treatment and laboratory networks across India. Key achievements include increasing the cure rate to 87% and decreasing the death rate to 4%. Ongoing efforts focus on expanding multidrug resistant TB treatment and strengthening surveillance.
Global TB burden updates provide information on the TB situation globally and in India. Key points include:
- India accounts for over a quarter of the global TB burden, with an estimated 28 lakh incident cases in 2016 and 4.2 lakh deaths.
- WHO has revised their estimates of India's TB burden upwards based on new evidence, though the trend still shows a decline in incidence and mortality.
- India has achieved the MDG target of reducing prevalence and mortality by 50%, but a huge burden remains, especially among economically productive groups.
- The government of India's strategic vision is to achieve a TB-free India by 2025 through universal access to quality diagnosis and treatment.
This document summarizes information about emerging foodborne pathogens and the complex modern food system. It discusses factors that allow microbes to adapt and become emerging pathogens, such as genetic mutations, stress responses, and antibiotic resistance. Specific emerging pathogens that pose food safety risks are described in detail, including enterohemorrhagic E. coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Vibrio species, Clostridium difficile, Yersinia enterocolitica, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella species, and Enterobacter sakazakii. The document contrasts the modern global and industrialized food system with past local systems and reviews foodborne disease surveillance data.
Epidemiology of tb with recent advances acknowledged by whoRama shankar
This document provides an overview of tuberculosis epidemiology and recent advances in tuberculosis programs. It discusses the global and national burden of tuberculosis, the evolution of tuberculosis control programs in India including the National Tuberculosis Control Programme and Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme. It covers diagnosis, treatment, drug-resistant tuberculosis, tuberculosis and HIV coinfection, and recent advances acknowledged by the WHO. The post-2015 tuberculosis strategy in relation to sustainable development goals is also mentioned.
Epidemiology and public health aspects of TB in indiaShyam Ashtekar
This document discusses tuberculosis (TB) in India from an epidemiological and public health perspective. It outlines the history of TB, noting that India shares 50% of the global TB burden. While drugs were developed in the 20th century, TB control programs in India have had limited success in reducing rates. India still sees around 2 million new cases annually. Environmental factors like poverty, overcrowding and malnutrition increase risk. Public health goals aim to reduce childhood TB infection rates by treating active cases and breaking transmission chains. Ongoing challenges include drug-resistant strains and the link between TB and HIV.
The document discusses vector borne diseases in Bangladesh. It begins by defining vectors and common vector borne diseases globally and in Bangladesh, including malaria, filariasis, dengue, and leishmaniasis. It then covers the prevalence and burden of these key diseases. The final sections discuss prevention and control strategies like integrated vector management, environmental control, chemical and biological control, and recommendations to apply multiple approaches to strengthen control through collaboration between government and organizations.
Pakistan has a high tuberculosis (TB) burden, with 250,000 new cases annually. TB control efforts face challenges including poverty, lack of health infrastructure, and social stigma. The National TB Control Programme was established in 1960 but saw periods of inactivity. DOTS strategy was adopted in 1995. Coverage of DOTS expanded from 9% of the population in 2000 to 63% in 2003. However, case detection rates and treatment success rates remain below targets due to inadequate health sector resources and need for broader collaboration with other sectors and partners to combat TB in Pakistan.
This presentation describes tuberculosis with zoonotic significance. The presentation also includes data of disease burden, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment regimes and control strategies.
The document discusses integrated vector management (IVM) as an approach to vector-borne disease control. IVM involves understanding local vector ecology and patterns of disease transmission in order to select appropriate control methods from available options. It aims to improve cost-effectiveness and sustainability compared to traditional reliance on insecticides alone. Key elements of IVM include disease and vector surveillance, identifying and mapping local risk factors, participatory selection of control methods, monitoring and evaluation. The document outlines the steps in implementing IVM, including assessing disease burden and local resources available before developing context-specific strategies.
Analysis of H5N1 Influenza Data in Indonesia and the Needs for Improvement - ...Tata Naipospos
Indonesia has experienced widespread H5N1 avian influenza in poultry and 100 human cases. The virus is endemic in birds across 31 of 33 provinces. Three distinct viral sublineages circulate in different regions of Indonesia. Analysis of viral genetics shows the virus spread across the archipelago along trade routes and evolved distinct regional groups. Improved control of poultry movement and vaccination are needed to reduce virus spread and environmental load.
Tuberculosis- International Perspectives on Epidemiology, diagnosis and ControlsRanjini Manuel
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) that most often affect the lungs. Tuberculosis is curable and preventable.
TB is spread from person to person through the air. When people with lung TB cough, sneeze or spit, they propel the TB germs into the air. A person needs to inhale only a few of these germs to become infected.
About one-quarter of the world's population has latent TB, which means people have been infected by TB bacteria but are not (yet) ill with the disease and cannot transmit the disease.
People infected with TB bacteria have a 5–15% lifetime risk of falling ill with TB. Persons with compromised immune systems, such as people living with HIV, malnutrition or diabetes, or people who use tobacco, have a higher risk of falling ill.
Vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, and Japanese encephalitis pose major health burdens globally and in India. In India, the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) was launched in 2003 to control six key vector-borne diseases through integrated vector management and other strategies. The NVBDCP aims to reduce mortality from malaria, dengue, and Japanese encephalitis by half and eliminate kala-azar and lymphatic filariasis by targeted years. Japanese encephalitis, transmitted by Culex mosquitoes, poses high risks for children and is a growing problem in India. Chikungunya, transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, caused over a million cases during an
This document describes a mathematical model of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission applied to the New Zealand Tongan population. The model predicts that with current infant vaccination coverage of 53%, chronic HBV prevalence will plateau at 2% over 250 years. However, 73% vaccination coverage is needed to eliminate HBV long-term. Improving coverage to 85% through targeted vaccination could arrest transmission within a generation and eliminate HBV, similar to outcomes in Taiwan and Alaska with similar policies. Screening and disease management may also help reduce the HBV burden, though its precise impact is hard to quantify. Mathematical models can help evaluate different control strategies for high prevalence populations.
This document provides an overview of updates to India's National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP), formerly known as the Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP). It summarizes global and Indian TB burden statistics. It outlines the evolution of TB control in India and STOP TB strategy goals. It describes the objectives of NTEP, tuberculosis unit structure, case definitions, diagnostic tools including smear microscopy, culture, and molecular tests. Treatment regimens for drug-sensitive TB including the switch to daily fixed-dose combination are explained. Algorithms for diagnosis and treatment of pediatric and drug-resistant TB are presented.
Bio303 Lecture 2 Two Old Enemies, TB and LeprosyMark Pallen
In this lecture I will focusing on another of the most serious infectious threats to humanity, tuberculosis, outlining its evolutionary origins, impact on human health and wealth and the steps taken to control and treat this infection. I will also discuss a related mycobacterial infection, leprosy and recent progress in its control.
Stienstra - Cooperation in public health good for global economyStef Stienstra
The document discusses the benefits of international cooperation in public health to combat infectious diseases in developing countries. It notes that such cooperation is good for the global economy by preventing pandemics and their economic impacts. It provides examples of recent public health crises like Ebola and arguments that more investment in pandemic preparedness through activities like strengthening health systems and coordinating response capabilities can significantly reduce risks to human lives and livelihoods at a relatively low cost compared to reacting to outbreaks. Military resources may also provide valuable support to public health efforts through capabilities in areas like logistics, communications, and mobile medical facilities.
This document presents a bovine tuberculosis (bTB) eradication strategy for Northern Ireland. It establishes a TB Strategic Partnership Group to develop a long-term strategy to eliminate bTB from cattle in Northern Ireland. The strategy involves 38 recommendations across 7 themes: governance, culture and communication, tools and processes, wildlife, herd health management, finance, and research. The goal is to implement a comprehensive, interlinked program to achieve a sustained reduction and eventual eradication of bTB in cattle herds and contribute to the health of the badger population, the main wildlife reservoir of the disease in Northern Ireland. Success will require commitment and cooperation from all stakeholders over many years.
GRF One Health Summit 2012, Davos: Presentation by Adnan Ali Khan CHOUDHURY, Australian Centre for International and Tropical Health, School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Public Health Building , Herston Rd , Herston Qld 4006, Brisbane, Australia
Epidemiology and control of tuberculosis and rntcp programmeJoslita Dsouza
This document discusses tuberculosis epidemiology and control in India through the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP). It notes that India accounts for 20% of the global TB burden. The RNTCP was launched in 1992 with goals of achieving an 85% cure rate through directly observed treatment, short course (DOTS) and detecting 70% of estimated cases. It has expanded DOTS treatment and laboratory networks across India. Key achievements include increasing the cure rate to 87% and decreasing the death rate to 4%. Ongoing efforts focus on expanding multidrug resistant TB treatment and strengthening surveillance.
Global TB burden updates provide information on the TB situation globally and in India. Key points include:
- India accounts for over a quarter of the global TB burden, with an estimated 28 lakh incident cases in 2016 and 4.2 lakh deaths.
- WHO has revised their estimates of India's TB burden upwards based on new evidence, though the trend still shows a decline in incidence and mortality.
- India has achieved the MDG target of reducing prevalence and mortality by 50%, but a huge burden remains, especially among economically productive groups.
- The government of India's strategic vision is to achieve a TB-free India by 2025 through universal access to quality diagnosis and treatment.
This document summarizes information about emerging foodborne pathogens and the complex modern food system. It discusses factors that allow microbes to adapt and become emerging pathogens, such as genetic mutations, stress responses, and antibiotic resistance. Specific emerging pathogens that pose food safety risks are described in detail, including enterohemorrhagic E. coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Vibrio species, Clostridium difficile, Yersinia enterocolitica, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella species, and Enterobacter sakazakii. The document contrasts the modern global and industrialized food system with past local systems and reviews foodborne disease surveillance data.
Epidemiology of tb with recent advances acknowledged by whoRama shankar
This document provides an overview of tuberculosis epidemiology and recent advances in tuberculosis programs. It discusses the global and national burden of tuberculosis, the evolution of tuberculosis control programs in India including the National Tuberculosis Control Programme and Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme. It covers diagnosis, treatment, drug-resistant tuberculosis, tuberculosis and HIV coinfection, and recent advances acknowledged by the WHO. The post-2015 tuberculosis strategy in relation to sustainable development goals is also mentioned.
Epidemiology and public health aspects of TB in indiaShyam Ashtekar
This document discusses tuberculosis (TB) in India from an epidemiological and public health perspective. It outlines the history of TB, noting that India shares 50% of the global TB burden. While drugs were developed in the 20th century, TB control programs in India have had limited success in reducing rates. India still sees around 2 million new cases annually. Environmental factors like poverty, overcrowding and malnutrition increase risk. Public health goals aim to reduce childhood TB infection rates by treating active cases and breaking transmission chains. Ongoing challenges include drug-resistant strains and the link between TB and HIV.
The document discusses vector borne diseases in Bangladesh. It begins by defining vectors and common vector borne diseases globally and in Bangladesh, including malaria, filariasis, dengue, and leishmaniasis. It then covers the prevalence and burden of these key diseases. The final sections discuss prevention and control strategies like integrated vector management, environmental control, chemical and biological control, and recommendations to apply multiple approaches to strengthen control through collaboration between government and organizations.
Pakistan has a high tuberculosis (TB) burden, with 250,000 new cases annually. TB control efforts face challenges including poverty, lack of health infrastructure, and social stigma. The National TB Control Programme was established in 1960 but saw periods of inactivity. DOTS strategy was adopted in 1995. Coverage of DOTS expanded from 9% of the population in 2000 to 63% in 2003. However, case detection rates and treatment success rates remain below targets due to inadequate health sector resources and need for broader collaboration with other sectors and partners to combat TB in Pakistan.
This presentation describes tuberculosis with zoonotic significance. The presentation also includes data of disease burden, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment regimes and control strategies.
The document discusses integrated vector management (IVM) as an approach to vector-borne disease control. IVM involves understanding local vector ecology and patterns of disease transmission in order to select appropriate control methods from available options. It aims to improve cost-effectiveness and sustainability compared to traditional reliance on insecticides alone. Key elements of IVM include disease and vector surveillance, identifying and mapping local risk factors, participatory selection of control methods, monitoring and evaluation. The document outlines the steps in implementing IVM, including assessing disease burden and local resources available before developing context-specific strategies.
Analysis of H5N1 Influenza Data in Indonesia and the Needs for Improvement - ...Tata Naipospos
Indonesia has experienced widespread H5N1 avian influenza in poultry and 100 human cases. The virus is endemic in birds across 31 of 33 provinces. Three distinct viral sublineages circulate in different regions of Indonesia. Analysis of viral genetics shows the virus spread across the archipelago along trade routes and evolved distinct regional groups. Improved control of poultry movement and vaccination are needed to reduce virus spread and environmental load.
Tuberculosis- International Perspectives on Epidemiology, diagnosis and ControlsRanjini Manuel
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) that most often affect the lungs. Tuberculosis is curable and preventable.
TB is spread from person to person through the air. When people with lung TB cough, sneeze or spit, they propel the TB germs into the air. A person needs to inhale only a few of these germs to become infected.
About one-quarter of the world's population has latent TB, which means people have been infected by TB bacteria but are not (yet) ill with the disease and cannot transmit the disease.
People infected with TB bacteria have a 5–15% lifetime risk of falling ill with TB. Persons with compromised immune systems, such as people living with HIV, malnutrition or diabetes, or people who use tobacco, have a higher risk of falling ill.
Vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, and Japanese encephalitis pose major health burdens globally and in India. In India, the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) was launched in 2003 to control six key vector-borne diseases through integrated vector management and other strategies. The NVBDCP aims to reduce mortality from malaria, dengue, and Japanese encephalitis by half and eliminate kala-azar and lymphatic filariasis by targeted years. Japanese encephalitis, transmitted by Culex mosquitoes, poses high risks for children and is a growing problem in India. Chikungunya, transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, caused over a million cases during an
This document describes a mathematical model of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission applied to the New Zealand Tongan population. The model predicts that with current infant vaccination coverage of 53%, chronic HBV prevalence will plateau at 2% over 250 years. However, 73% vaccination coverage is needed to eliminate HBV long-term. Improving coverage to 85% through targeted vaccination could arrest transmission within a generation and eliminate HBV, similar to outcomes in Taiwan and Alaska with similar policies. Screening and disease management may also help reduce the HBV burden, though its precise impact is hard to quantify. Mathematical models can help evaluate different control strategies for high prevalence populations.
This document provides an overview of updates to India's National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP), formerly known as the Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP). It summarizes global and Indian TB burden statistics. It outlines the evolution of TB control in India and STOP TB strategy goals. It describes the objectives of NTEP, tuberculosis unit structure, case definitions, diagnostic tools including smear microscopy, culture, and molecular tests. Treatment regimens for drug-sensitive TB including the switch to daily fixed-dose combination are explained. Algorithms for diagnosis and treatment of pediatric and drug-resistant TB are presented.
Bio303 Lecture 2 Two Old Enemies, TB and LeprosyMark Pallen
In this lecture I will focusing on another of the most serious infectious threats to humanity, tuberculosis, outlining its evolutionary origins, impact on human health and wealth and the steps taken to control and treat this infection. I will also discuss a related mycobacterial infection, leprosy and recent progress in its control.
Stienstra - Cooperation in public health good for global economyStef Stienstra
The document discusses the benefits of international cooperation in public health to combat infectious diseases in developing countries. It notes that such cooperation is good for the global economy by preventing pandemics and their economic impacts. It provides examples of recent public health crises like Ebola and arguments that more investment in pandemic preparedness through activities like strengthening health systems and coordinating response capabilities can significantly reduce risks to human lives and livelihoods at a relatively low cost compared to reacting to outbreaks. Military resources may also provide valuable support to public health efforts through capabilities in areas like logistics, communications, and mobile medical facilities.
This document presents a bovine tuberculosis (bTB) eradication strategy for Northern Ireland. It establishes a TB Strategic Partnership Group to develop a long-term strategy to eliminate bTB from cattle in Northern Ireland. The strategy involves 38 recommendations across 7 themes: governance, culture and communication, tools and processes, wildlife, herd health management, finance, and research. The goal is to implement a comprehensive, interlinked program to achieve a sustained reduction and eventual eradication of bTB in cattle herds and contribute to the health of the badger population, the main wildlife reservoir of the disease in Northern Ireland. Success will require commitment and cooperation from all stakeholders over many years.
GRF One Health Summit 2012, Davos: Presentation by Adnan Ali Khan CHOUDHURY, Australian Centre for International and Tropical Health, School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Public Health Building , Herston Rd , Herston Qld 4006, Brisbane, Australia
This document summarizes information about bovine tuberculosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis. It primarily affects cattle but can infect many other species. Humans can contract it through ingesting unpasteurized dairy or inhaling infected aerosols. Control relies on test and slaughter programs along with pasteurization. Outbreaks in wildlife pose challenges. While treatable in humans, it remains an occupational hazard for farmers and abattoir workers in areas where bovine tuberculosis is endemic.
Presentation given by James Kirwan http://www.ccri.ac.uk/kirwan/ at EXPO – Milan, 'Feeding the Planet: Energy for Life' event. The presentation draws upon work conducted as part of an EU-funded project with the acronym GLAMUR (further details of the project are available from http://glamur.eu);
Corso I poteri del subconscio-Come fare della tua vita un miracoloNicola Balestri
Se vuoi un metodo per cambiare le tue emozioni, i tuoi limiti, eliminare stress ed ansia
raggiungere i tuoi obbiettivi e Cerchi un modo per raggiungere felicità,successo e buone relazioni.
Se anche tu Ti senti spesso bloccato
nel risolvere e sbloccare le situazioni
con false credenze
allora stai per scoprire con questo corso il segreto per fare della tua vita un SUCCESSO!
www.ipoteridelsubconscio.com/subconscio.html - ipoteridelsubconscio@gmail.com
Presentation given by Damian Maye at the FoodMetres results briefing on 24th September in Brussels. More information about Damian can be found: http://www.ccri.ac.uk/maye/
The document provides an analysis of the layout and design elements of a double page magazine spread. It notes that the main image stands out the most due to its large size. This image is placed in the center to draw the reader's eyes. Additional elements like headings in bold capital letters and black text on a white background help elements stand out visually. The use of color like yellow accents and a color scheme of white, yellow and black make the page visually appealing while the clear columns of text make the content easy to read.
The document discusses involving communities in natural flood management through volunteer groups. It provides examples of the Bodenham Flood Protection Group, made up of over 30 volunteers averaging 70 years old who regularly clear debris. It also describes the Northamptonshire County Council Pathfinder Project that worked with 15 communities at high risk of surface water flooding. This project provided resources to communities and trained over 30 volunteer flood wardens. The goal is to work with communities to manage flooding through education and preparedness.
The use of sensory ethnography to gain new understandings of visitor emotional experiences and practices at National Trust sites and their implications for future research & management.
Aims:
investigate the meaning places have for people and how people engage with places
open up new approaches to examining peoples’ engagement with landscapes and places through sensory ethnography
communicate the above in a meaningful way that enables the NT to evaluate the possibility of implementing the findings and the methods.
The concept of ‘therapeutic landscapes’ has been used as a way to critically understand how health and wellbeing are related to place.This paper offers a critical understanding of the role of non-human animals as agents in co-creating the therapeutic landscapes of rural care farms.
Assignment 4 my three topics for documentrayjodiefoster96
Jodie Foster-Pilia is producing a documentary and has identified several potential topics: Does God exist?, Subliminal messages on television, and Is advanced technology an advantage or disadvantage. She conducted interviews about these topics with 6 people ranging in age from 11 to 45. Based on the interviews and her own interests, Jodie is leaning towards exploring the topic "Does God exist?" for her documentary as it seems to generate a strong debate and she feels knowledgeable about issues relating to God from her philosophy studies.
Most rivers have sacred personifications – in the form of tutelary deities. For the River Severn, this is ‘Sabrina’, or ‘Hafren’ in Welsh]. The project will seek to expand and deepen the ways in which water landscapes are encountered and understood – scientifically, artistically and socially.
Layers of industry, agriculture, vegetation, soil, rock and water make up the territory of the Severn Estuary. Cultural layers of prehistory, history and story and myth are enduring sources of conjecture. All of these – together with the human and non-human communities – fuse to form the ecology of the estuary, which has the second-largest tidal range in the world. This residency project will initiate new conversations and involvements by developing film/sound/music-based artworks, extracting some of the hidden and intangible essences of this water landscape.
As Artist In Residence, Antony Lyons will also draw on his own extensive previous work on water environment themes (pollution, climate-change, biodiversity, working water communities etc.), and link into CCRI research streams relating to ecosystem services, water/food security, landscape and community issues.
A series of visualizations to stimulate thinking about climate change. Using UKCP09 high emissions projections and a variety of scenes from Gloucestershire and the Cotswolds.
This document provides an overview and agenda for an estate planning seminar in Tennessee that discusses recent changes to Tennessee's tax laws that make it more favorable for trusts and estate planning. Topics covered include the current federal and Tennessee estate, inheritance, and gift tax structures; portability of the federal estate tax exemption between spouses; income tax planning considerations; probate avoidance techniques using revocable trusts; and various types of trusts for creditor protection planning.
The document discusses ways that students can develop their learning capabilities, including establishing their learning style (visual, auditory, or kinesthetic), exploring ways to strengthen literacy/numeracy skills and use technology as learning tools, assessing personal and learning goals by defining strategies to achieve them, and reflecting and refining goals over time using feedback. It provides examples of skills and recommends monitoring goals frequently and reflecting on what has been learned.
Dan Keech teamed up with former CCRI colleague, Professor Owain Jones (now Bath Spa University), to deliver a presentation at the 2014 annual international conference of the Royal Geographical Society - Institute of British Geographers, which was held in London on August 27th-29th. Two sessions were convened on the co-productive influences of ruins.
Some reflections and future directions for research’ and arguements that we need to reposition short food chain activities beyond the ‘rural local’/value-added market-based model that they are more commonly associated with.
Dr. Frances Harris from Centre for Earth and Environmental Sciences Research, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment at Kingston University - with areview of approaches to knowledge co-production focused on food, water, energy and environment.
Similar to Examining disease risk communications for disease control management: implementing biosecurity measures on English cattle farms in the context of the disease bovine tuberculosis - By Sally Curzon RAU
Sally Curzon from RAU presents her outline PhD proposal on models of disease risk communication for disease control management on English dairy farms with particular focus on approaches to the management of bovine tuberculosis through biosecurity measures
One health and its importance; notes - Dr. ROBIN.pptxROBIN VAVACHAN
The document discusses One Health and the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health. It notes that human destruction of biodiversity and disruption of ecosystems can create conditions for diseases like COVID-19 to emerge. When humans disturb natural habitats and kill or cage wild animals, it can release viruses from their natural hosts, with humans becoming the new host. The document advocates for a multisectoral One Health approach involving coordination across human health, animal health, and environmental sectors to address health threats at the human-animal interface.
Presentation by Professor Robyn Alders, Hub Roadmap Series Lead, at the Special Technical Session on 'Building a resilient biomedical disaster response: learning from the Covid-19 pandemic' organised by The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR).
This session was part of the 5th World Congress on Disaster Management (WCDM), which took place in New Delhi, India, in November 2021.
New faces of tuberculosis: new chellenges requiring new solutionsJean Jacques Bernatas
TB reflects poverty, and while it accompanies Humankind for 70,000 years, this disease presents new faces for which new solutions must be implemented to move towards TB elimination by 2030. Finally a better coordination between all stakeholders is instrumental for winning this fight.
One Health: An Indonesian Perspective - DGLAHS-FAO, Bumi Serpong Damai (BSD),...Tata Naipospos
One Health is an integrative approach that recognizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health. It promotes increased collaboration between sectors to better prevent, detect, and respond to emerging diseases at the human-animal interface. The document discusses Indonesia's experience with highly pathogenic avian influenza and the importance of a One Health approach for addressing complex disease challenges through cross-disciplinary partnerships, surveillance, and prevention efforts.
Presented by Hung Nguyen-Viet and Jakob Zinsstag at a technical workshop of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) regional initiative on One Health, Bangkok, Thailand, 11–13 October 2017.
Courtney Primeau conducted research engaging medical and veterinary students in discussions about communicating antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Focus groups with students explored their perceptions of AMR, effective formats and content for communication materials, and strategies for dissemination. Key findings included that students see AMR as an important issue influenced by antibiotic use in humans and animals. They felt communication materials should address pressure to prescribe antibiotics and be tailored for different audiences. Students preferred concise fact sheets over more visual formats. Ensuring accessibility of materials was also deemed important.
One Health: A Holistic Approach to Achieving Global Well-beinggreendigital
Introduction:
In an interconnected world where the boundaries between humans, and animals. and the environment blurred. One Health has emerged as a comprehensive approach to addressing complex health challenges. One Health recognizes the intricate connections between the Health of humans and animals. and ecosystems, emphasizing the need for collaborative efforts across disciplines to achieve optimal well-being for all. This article delves into the fundamental principles of It, and its historical roots. and its potential to revolutionize the way we approach global Health.
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Understanding One Health:
A- Definition and Scope:
It is an integrative approach that considers the Health of humans, animals. and the environment as interdependent entities. It acknowledges that the Health of one component influences the Health of the others. and disruptions in any of these systems can have far-reaching consequences. This approach goes beyond traditional silos in health management. and embraces a holistic perspective. recognizing the intricate web of connections that shape our Health.
B- Historical Roots:
The roots of the It concept can traced back to ancient civilizations. where the interconnectedness of human and animal health acknowledged. But, the formal recognition of It as a distinct field gained momentum in the late 20th century. The emergence of zoonotic diseases transmitted between animals. and humans highlighted the need for a collaborative approach to disease prevention and control.
Key Principles of One Health:
A- Interdisciplinary Collaboration:
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C- Environmental Stewardship:
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Examples of One Health in Action:
A- Pandemic Preparedness:
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One Health is an approach that recognizes the close connections between human, animal, and environmental health. It aims to bring together sectors like human and veterinary medicine to achieve better public health outcomes. The One Health approach is relevant for issues like food safety, controlling zoonotic diseases that can transmit between animals and humans, and combating antibiotic resistance. Zoonotic diseases pose major risks, as over 75% of emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic. The One Health approach requires cross-sectoral collaboration and data sharing to effectively monitor diseases, provide guidance to reduce risks, and prevent pandemics.
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Examining disease risk communications for disease control management: implementing biosecurity measures on English cattle farms in the context of the disease bovine tuberculosis - By Sally Curzon RAU
1. PhD Title
Examining disease risk communications for disease control management: implementing
biosecurity measures on English cattle farms in the context of the disease bovine tuberculosis
Sally Curzon
2. Purpose of talk
Items to cover:
Explain PhD background and content
Summary focus of PhD
Why the context of bovine TB (bTB) ?
Why look at biosecurity measures as a disease management technique ?
Why examine disease risk communications ?
Fieldwork questions / methodology
Conclusion and contribution to knowledge
Title
Examining disease risk communications for
disease control management: implementing
biosecurity measures on English cattle farms in
the context of the disease bovine tuberculosis
3. Core PhD focus
Disease Risk Communications
… the communication of information for
disease risk management (in particular
biosecurity information)
Key Question
How can disease risk management information, such as
biosecurity information, which may have a positive impact on
managing bovine tuberculosis, be best created, effectively
shared and utilised by farmers, scientists, policy makers and
industry specialists?
4. Academic literature suggests the following points with regard
to disease risk communications utilising biosecurity:
1. Disease risk communications in the form of biosecurity
information can be created differently by social groups,
can be given varying meanings and understandings by
them, and biosecurity practice, can be hard to ‘sell’ as
an idea and approach to disease management (Bennett
and Cooke 2005; Hinchliffe and Ward et.al. 2014;
Waage and Mumford 2008).
2. Communication styles of different stakeholders can be
hierarchical, complex and challenging (Enticott 2008).
3. Social science, with its emphasis on social context, has
been under-utilised in the exploration of what
constitutes and creates useful and valued disease risk
communications (Fischhoff 2013; Gilmour et al. 2011).
5. Mycobacterium bovis
Definition
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic, infectious
disease of animals caused by the bacteria
Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) with the potential to
affect most mammals and causing a general state of
illness, wasting, coughing and eventual death
(World Organisation for Animal Health OIE 2015)
• Complex epidemiology
• Reservoirs of infection in cattle and wildlife
• Impacted historically over centuries
• International problem
6. Mycobacterium bovis
UK
‘Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is the most pressing animal health problem in the
UK. The crisis facing our cattle farmers, their families and their communities
cannot be overstated. It is a devastating zoonosis that threatens our cattle
industry and presents risks to other livestock, wildlife species such as badgers,
domestic pets and humans’ (Department for Environment Food and Rural
Affairs 2014).
• £100 million cost to UK taxpayer in 2014 and tens of millions to farmers
• 2013 = 6.2 million bTB tests conducted, 26 000 cattle slaughtered
• Cattle slaughtered 314 000 last decade
• The situation for England is probably the worst in the EU and amongst
countries farming in the western world
(Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs 2014)
7. bTB reactor density per km2 in cases of ‘officially bTB
free status withdrawn’ (OTF-W) for a) 1992, b) 1996,
c)2000, d)2004, e) 2008, f)2012, g)2013
Source: (Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency 2013:25-26).
8. Proportion of herds under
operational restriction due to
bTB breakdown where OTF-W
(officially TB-free status is
withdrawn) by County, for
England 2014
Source: (Animal and Plant Health Agency 2014)
9. Source: (Department for Environment Food and
Rural Affairs 2014:14)
Map of England and Wales
showing High and Low risk county
areas for bTB prevalence buffered
by Edge Area counties
10. New herd incidents where OTF-W (officially TB-free status is withdrawn) per 100
herd years at risk of infection annually for Great Britain
Source: (Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs 2015)
11. New herd incidents where OTF-W (officially TB-free status is withdrawn) per 100
herd years at risk of infection annually for England for High, Low Risk and Edge areas
Source: (Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs 2015)
12. Biosecurity definition
General
Biosecurity can be understood as a series of disease mitigating
strategies, processes and knowledge to prevent disease
incursion and the spread of infectious pathogens in a range of
domains where disease occurs amongst humans, animals and
plants or more broadly within an environment (Koblentz 2010).
Livestock Farming
Biosecurity refers to those measures taken to keep diseases out
of populations, herds, or groups of animals where it does not
currently exist or to limit the spread of disease within the herd…
(European Commission Health and Consumer Protection Directorate General 2007).
13. Examples of livestock disease management strategies
(biosecurity knowledge and practice)
• Veterinary healthcare
• Livestock health management planning
• Routine animal husbandry
• Hygiene management, cleansing and disinfecting
• Inspection and reporting of animal health matters
• Farm input and output monitoring
• Animal movement controls
14. Statutory / required biosecurity
• Routine cattle bTB testing
• Pre / post movement testing
• Cattle isolation / slaughter
• Animal movement data provision
• Herd TB status data provision
Non statutory / optional biosecurity
• Exclusion of wildlife from farm environs
• Containment of feeding locations and food stores
• Control of grazing location, proximity, intensity
• Closed herd breeding systems
• Risk-based trading
• Slurry spreading management
Examples of livestock disease management
(biosecurity knowledge and practice) for bTB
15. What are biosecurity risk communications?
• Modern ‘risk society’ takes a rationalistic framing of the
world whereby risks can be identified, assessed, quantified
and affected to some degree by human intervention. Risks
are selected as suitable candidates for structured response
(Beck 1992; Mythen 2004).
• Risk communication models have evolved:
one-way dissemination of knowledge citizen engagement public deliberation
dialogue consensusing … and put another way ….
one-way, top-down, asymmetrical communication two-way, democratic,
symmetrical communication
• Risk communications come from many sources, with
different power relationships and this ideal model may not
reflect the reality of how risk communications are
constructed, taken on board, shared or acted upon in
reality. The democratic ideal is potentially problematic
(Law and Moser 2012; Merkelsen 2011).
17. So, how to approach understanding
‘good’ risk communications?
1. Where value lies for stakeholders in terms of the types of
biosecurity knowledge appreciated by them and why it is valued;
2. How local, tacit knowledge and experience adds value together
with abstracted non-situational knowledge;
3. How ideas about disease management are best tested, evaluated,
adapted, absorbed, rejected – how they evolve within a context;
4. The ways in which communications are valued or not: locally,
between close cultural groups and between groups that are less
culturally integrated and the impact of these communications;
5. The ideal scale and context for discussion and debate around
biosecurity information and communication;
6. How the localised and specific and the general and abstracted can
relate in terms of biosecurity knowledge creation, information
exchange and communication.
18. Research questions to be examined
1. How is biosecurity knowledge and information formulated and created
by farmers, vets, scientists, policy makers and industry specialists?
2. What are the values, social contexts and meanings which give rise to
their particular formulations of this information? What is the impact of
social factors on the types of information created?
3. What value is given by stakeholders to different biosecurity knowledges
and why?
4. In what ways can these biosecurity knowledges sit alongside each other?
5. How is biosecurity disease risk information communicated between
different stakeholders at different social structural levels? How do
people perceive this to be working or not? What is the best scale,
method and level perceived to be for different types of communication?
6. What is the impact of biosecurity knowledge content and style and risk
communication content and style on how people respond to
information? How does it shape biosecurity behaviour and approaches?
19. Fieldwork approach
• Construct two regional, detailed local biographies of disease risk communications
through the examination of case studies using mixed methods approach
• Compare an endemic, high risk region and an Edge Area medium risk region to
contrast the potential impact of externally generated, geographical categorisations
of risk, on the nature and perception of risk communications
• Determine the nature of localised biosecurity risk knowledge and risk
communication styles and the relationship and differences between local, specific,
optional communications and generic, abstract, required communications
• Explore factors driving valued biosecurity disease risk communications and explore
potential models and methods to leverage and facilitate ‘more effective’,
‘appropriately’ scaled approaches to trading and sharing valued information for
managing bTB and connecting the benefits of local, tacit, experiential knowledge
and relations with general, abstracted, formalised knowledge and relations.
20. Mixed methods approach: case studies, ethnographic
observations, structured interviewing, grounded theory
• Scoping meetings identify 5 contact veterinary practices in each
research region (10 in total) to provide 30 farm case study contacts
for research. (Identify vets, write letters and follow up phone calls,
with vet help identify farmers to send 100 introductory letters).
• (Purposive sampling: Farmer sample to include those heavily involved with local communications around bTB and those less
so; farmers affected by bTB and those less so; farmers representing different age categories and gender; farmers keen on
biosecurity and not so keen; medium and high risk areas; different farm models, scales, enterprises to be represented.)
• 30 farm case studies equal split High Risk and Edge Area:
• 30 structured in-depth interviews (+3 to act as initial pilots)
• Risk knowledge and communications mapping for each farm
• 10 farms – 1-2 days ethnographic participant observation focussed on
general farm or biosecurity activities or communication events
• 10 ‘other specialist’ case studies: with vets, scientists, policy
makers, industry experts – structured interviews and ethnographic
participant observation days at communication events
• 2 focus group / forum sessions to feed back and build on findings
with participants or workshops with regional NFU bTB groups
21. Conclusion and contribution to knowledge
• To use methods from social science, influenced by ethnographic
approaches, to understand more about disease risk knowledge
creation and communication for the management of bovine
tuberculosis.
• To create localised, specific, biosecurity risk communication
biographies which reveal the detailed workings of local disease risk
communication strategies in two disease risk locations and how
they intersect with national policy and strategies.
• To produce a critical analysis of current disease risk communication
methods and models through the perspective of stakeholders.
• To consider the potential for localised approaches towards
constructing scaled, regional disease risk communications, through
collaborative methods.
• Explore the potential of using local, detailed case study material to
create general extrapolations concerning disease risk
communications with applicability in a broader policy context
22. . Animal and Plant Health Agency (2014). Bovine tuberculosis: Infection status in cattle in GB - Annual surveillance report 2014.
. Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (2013). Bovine tuberculosis: Infection status in cattle in GB. Department for
the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs.
. Beck, U. (1992) Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity.
. Bennett, R. and Cooke, R. (2005) Control of bovine TB: preferences of farmers who have suffered a TB breakdown. Veterinary
Record. 156(5): 143-145
. Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (2014). Strategy for Achieving "Officially Bovine Tuberculosis Free" Status for
England: an 'edge area' strategy.
. Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (2015). Monthly publication of National Statistics on the Incidence of
Tuberculosis (TB) in Cattle to end January 2015 for Great Britain.
. Enticott, G. (2008) The spaces of biosecurity: prescribing and negotiating solutions to bovine tuberculosis. Environment and
Planning A. 40(7): 1568-1582
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