Evolution of money by Anand Shirur
•Download as PPT, PDF•
9 likes•6,505 views
Presentation is about evolution of money - right from the days of barter system till the avatar of electronic money....
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
History of money and types with features.
This document discusses the history and functions of money. It begins by outlining the evolution of money from early bartering systems to modern digital currencies. Some of the milestones mentioned include the use of shells as early as 1200 BC, the development of coinage around 600 BC, the introduction of paper money in China in the 9th century, and more recent innovations like credit cards and digital payment systems.
The document then examines different types of money such as commodity money, metallic money, paper money, bank credit, and electronic money. It also outlines the key functions of money as a medium of exchange, unit of value, standard for deferred payments, store of value, and basis for the credit system. Finally, the document
The History Of Money
Bartering of livestock began around 9,000-6,000 BC as one of the earliest forms of exchange. Around 1200 BC in China, shells became the first official form of money used. Ancient Chinese coins from around 1000 BC had holes in the middle so they could be strung together more easily. Around 500 BC, coins made of silver emerged as the earliest coins, first appearing in the region of Lydia, now Turkey. Paper currency developed in China in the 9th-15th centuries but excessive printing led to inflation. Gold became the global monetary standard starting in 1816 but many countries abandoned it during the Great Depression in the 1930s. Digital payments may eventually replace physical currency.
History of money
Presentation created to teach underprivileged children about the history of money, meant for age group 8-13.
History of money
Bartering and commodities like cattle and seeds were some of the earliest forms of money. Cowry shells were used as currency in China in 1200 BC, while metal tools were used as early metal currency in China around 1000 BC. Silver became used as currency imprinted with rulers' faces in 500 BC Turkey. Paper money originated in China between the 9th-15th centuries before disappearing, while gold became the standard currency backed by weight in 1816 Britain and 1900 America. Modern currency has evolved to coins and paper notes, with future forms potentially including payment cards and microchips in jewelry.
History of money
This document provides a history of the development of money. It begins with bartering and the use of shells as early forms of currency. It then discusses the introduction of coinage in Lydia in 600 BC and the later development of paper money in China in the 9th century. It also briefly outlines the gold standard, development of credit cards, and different types and functions of modern currencies like commodity, fiat, fractional, and fiduciary money.
Evolution of Money
A brief history of money from barter to bitcoin. This presentation covers the essential characteristics of money and how it has evolved from barter to commodities to cash and finally to digitized currency, also known as "cryptocurrencies"--the most popular of which is bitcoin.
Evolution of Currency
This presentation focuses on the evolution of the currency. It shows how we came this far in terms of exchanging ( money ).
This presentation presents the journey from the barter system to electronic money. Topics are explained with pictures for better understanding.
Evolution and Function of Money
I’m a young Pakistani Blogger, Academic Writer, Freelancer, Quaidian & MPhil Scholar, Quote Lover, Co-Founder at Essar Student Fund & Blueprism Academia, belonging from Mehdiabad, Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan.
I am an academic writer & freelancer! I can work on Research Paper, Thesis Writing, Academic Research, Research Project, Proposals, Assignments, Business Plans, and Case study research.
Expertise:
Management Sciences, Business Management, Marketing, HRM, Banking, Business Marketing, Corporate Finance, International Business Management
For Order Online:
Whatsapp: +923452502478
Portfolio Link: https://blueprismacademia.wordpress.com/
Email: arguni.hasnain@gmail.com
Follow Me:
Linkedin: arguni_hasnain
Instagram : arguni.hasnain
Facebook: arguni.hasnain
Recommended
History of money and types with features.
This document discusses the history and functions of money. It begins by outlining the evolution of money from early bartering systems to modern digital currencies. Some of the milestones mentioned include the use of shells as early as 1200 BC, the development of coinage around 600 BC, the introduction of paper money in China in the 9th century, and more recent innovations like credit cards and digital payment systems.
The document then examines different types of money such as commodity money, metallic money, paper money, bank credit, and electronic money. It also outlines the key functions of money as a medium of exchange, unit of value, standard for deferred payments, store of value, and basis for the credit system. Finally, the document
The History Of Money
Bartering of livestock began around 9,000-6,000 BC as one of the earliest forms of exchange. Around 1200 BC in China, shells became the first official form of money used. Ancient Chinese coins from around 1000 BC had holes in the middle so they could be strung together more easily. Around 500 BC, coins made of silver emerged as the earliest coins, first appearing in the region of Lydia, now Turkey. Paper currency developed in China in the 9th-15th centuries but excessive printing led to inflation. Gold became the global monetary standard starting in 1816 but many countries abandoned it during the Great Depression in the 1930s. Digital payments may eventually replace physical currency.
History of money
Presentation created to teach underprivileged children about the history of money, meant for age group 8-13.
History of money
Bartering and commodities like cattle and seeds were some of the earliest forms of money. Cowry shells were used as currency in China in 1200 BC, while metal tools were used as early metal currency in China around 1000 BC. Silver became used as currency imprinted with rulers' faces in 500 BC Turkey. Paper money originated in China between the 9th-15th centuries before disappearing, while gold became the standard currency backed by weight in 1816 Britain and 1900 America. Modern currency has evolved to coins and paper notes, with future forms potentially including payment cards and microchips in jewelry.
History of money
This document provides a history of the development of money. It begins with bartering and the use of shells as early forms of currency. It then discusses the introduction of coinage in Lydia in 600 BC and the later development of paper money in China in the 9th century. It also briefly outlines the gold standard, development of credit cards, and different types and functions of modern currencies like commodity, fiat, fractional, and fiduciary money.
Evolution of Money
A brief history of money from barter to bitcoin. This presentation covers the essential characteristics of money and how it has evolved from barter to commodities to cash and finally to digitized currency, also known as "cryptocurrencies"--the most popular of which is bitcoin.
Evolution of Currency
This presentation focuses on the evolution of the currency. It shows how we came this far in terms of exchanging ( money ).
This presentation presents the journey from the barter system to electronic money. Topics are explained with pictures for better understanding.
Evolution and Function of Money
I’m a young Pakistani Blogger, Academic Writer, Freelancer, Quaidian & MPhil Scholar, Quote Lover, Co-Founder at Essar Student Fund & Blueprism Academia, belonging from Mehdiabad, Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan.
I am an academic writer & freelancer! I can work on Research Paper, Thesis Writing, Academic Research, Research Project, Proposals, Assignments, Business Plans, and Case study research.
Expertise:
Management Sciences, Business Management, Marketing, HRM, Banking, Business Marketing, Corporate Finance, International Business Management
For Order Online:
Whatsapp: +923452502478
Portfolio Link: https://blueprismacademia.wordpress.com/
Email: arguni.hasnain@gmail.com
Follow Me:
Linkedin: arguni_hasnain
Instagram : arguni.hasnain
Facebook: arguni.hasnain
The history of money
The document traces the historical development of money from bartering of goods to modern currencies. It begins with bartering where goods were directly exchanged for other goods. Shells then emerged as the first medium of exchange. Later, coins made of metals like silver and imprinted with images became widely used as standardized money. Paper money was developed later, and most currency today is in the form of paper notes and coins, though future money may be digital. The key advantages of money over bartering are its portability, durability, divisibility and limited availability.
History of money
The document provides an overview of the history of coins and monetary systems, beginning with barter and gift exchange systems. It then discusses the development of the Roman coin system, including the introduction of minted bronze coins in the 3rd century BC and silver coins modeled after Greek coins around 300 BC. The document outlines the expansion of the Roman monetary system under Augustus to establish consistent gold, silver, and copper coin values. It also describes elements of Roman coins like legends, mint marks, and materials used before concluding with sections on numismatics and coin parts.
Evolution of money
I’m a young Pakistani Blogger, Academic Writer, Freelancer, Quaidian & MPhil Scholar, Quote Lover, Co-Founder at Essar Student Fund & Blueprism Academia, belonging from Mehdiabad, Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan.
I am an academic writer & freelancer! I can work on Research Paper, Thesis Writing, Academic Research, Research Project, Proposals, Assignments, Business Plans, and Case study research.
Expertise:
Management Sciences, Business Management, Marketing, HRM, Banking, Business Marketing, Corporate Finance, International Business Management
For Order Online:
Whatsapp: +923452502478
Portfolio Link: https://blueprismacademia.wordpress.com/
Email: arguni.hasnain@gmail.com
Follow Me:
Linkedin: arguni_hasnain
Instagram : arguni.hasnain
Facebook: arguni.hasnain
evolution of money
this presentation contains all about evolution of money or cbse book of economics chapter: evolution of money
Money
Money serves several essential economic functions according to the document. It acts as a medium of exchange, replacing bartering, allowing goods and services to be traded. Money also serves as a unit of account, allowing prices of goods and services to be denominated in a standard unit. Additionally, money acts as a store of value, allowing purchasing power to be saved and transferred over time. The document discusses different definitions and classifications of money, including definitions based on what constitutes money, whether it is currency in circulation or includes other assets, and classifications based on the nature and legality of various forms of money.
The History of Money
Bartering was the original form of exchange before money was developed. Livestock, shells, and beads were some of the early forms of commodity money. Money needs to serve as a medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account. King Croesus created the first coins of gold and silver in 561 BC. Paper currency was first issued in China in 806 AD but led to inflation. Various commodities served as forms of money throughout history. Goldsmith notes marked the early use of banknotes in England in the 1600s. The US established its own currency systems after gaining independence.
Chapter no 1 Nature and functions of money
This document provides an overview of money and its functions. It defines money and outlines its main functions, which include being a medium of exchange, measure of value, store of wealth, and enabling future payments and economic activities. The document also discusses the evolution of money from commodity to metallic to paper to electronic forms. It lists the key qualities of good money, such as acceptability, transferability, stability, and divisibility. Finally, it describes the barriers of the barter system and highlights the important role money plays in daily life and the economy.
Money
Money can take many forms and serve several functions. It is generally accepted as a medium of exchange, measure of value, store of value, and standard for deferred payments. The money supply is determined by various factors including the central bank, commercial bank lending, and monetary aggregates like M0, M1, M2, and M3. The quantity theory of money posits a direct relationship between the money supply and price level in an economy.
Presentation on money and banking
This document outlines key concepts related to money, including its definition, evolution, functions, and motives for demand. It discusses how money evolved from bartering systems and commodity money to today's forms, serving important functions as a medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account. Money offers benefits like making transactions more efficient and allowing specialization. It also outlines the transaction, precautionary, and speculative motives for holding cash.
History of money used for talks at Bhaubali College of Engg., Shravanabealgola
A talk was presented about "History of Money" at Bahubali College of Engg., Shravanabelagola. The presentation is development of money and its politics.
What is Money ?
Money refers to anything that is generally accepted as payment. It functions as a medium of exchange, unit of account, and store of value. Money includes currency, deposits, and other liquid assets. The money supply has evolved from commodity money to various forms like paper currency, checks, and electronic payments. Measuring the money supply includes aggregates like M1, M2, and M3 that capture currencies and increasingly liquid assets.
Money and banking
This document defines money and discusses its functions and evolution. It notes that money acts as a medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account. Originally barter and commodities were used, but money developed to solve difficulties with barter. Coins and paper money later replaced commodities as money. Modern money includes coins, paper notes, and checkable deposits. Central banks control money supply and commercial banks create credit and accept deposits.
Evolution and Functions of Money
The document discusses the evolution of money from barter systems to modern digital currencies. It traces the development from commodity money used in early barter systems, to metallic coins, paper money, credit money issued by banks, electronic money used for digital payments, and most recently cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. Each new form of money emerged to address limitations of previous forms as economies became more complex with globalization and advances in technology. The functions of money are also outlined, including primary functions like serving as a medium of exchange and store of value, and secondary functions like enabling the transfer and standardization of value.
Bitcoin technology
Bitcoin is a decentralized digital currency introduced in 2009 that allows for peer-to-peer financial transactions without a central authority. It uses blockchain technology to record transactions through a public ledger maintained by a network of computers. New bitcoins are created through a process called mining where users offer their computing power to verify transactions. Bitcoins can be obtained by mining or in exchange for fiat money, products, or services. Users can send and receive bitcoins electronically through wallet software. The blockchain protects against fraud by requiring digital signatures to validate transactions and cryptographic hashes to prevent modification of ledger entries.
Characteristics of money
The document discusses the characteristics of money. It explains that early societies used bartering with goods like animals and food, but that carrying all these items was inconvenient. Money was then invented as it is durable, portable, divisible, uniform, available in limited supply, and universally accepted. The six key characteristics of money are described in detail. The document notes that the US Federal Reserve plays a role in determining how much money is in circulation.
Introduction To Cryptocurrency
A cryptocurrency (or crypto currency) is digital asset designed to work as a medium of exchange that uses strong cryptography to secure financial transactions, control the creation of additional units, and verify the transfer of assets.
Mankind’s relationship with money
Money, in itself, is nothing – it is a symbol. It can be a shell, a metal coin, or a piece of paper with a historic image on it. The value that people place on the symbol has nothing to do with the physical value of money.
Money derives its value by being a medium of exchange, a unit of measurement and a storehouse for wealth.
Cryptocurrency
This document provides an overview of cryptocurrency, including comparisons to conventional currency, existing and potential regulation, risks and failures in the cryptocurrency space, issues around consumer recourse, and open questions. It discusses key differences between cryptocurrency and fiat currency, differing regulatory approaches and classifications, risks like hacking and scams, challenges for consumer protections, and questions around how or if cryptocurrencies can and should be regulated.
[Lesson 8] Money and its functions
The document defines money and describes its key functions. Money serves as a medium of exchange, a measure of value, and a standard for deferred payment. It can also act as a store of value, though inflation can weaken this function. Money is further classified as commodity money, which derives value from the materials itself, and token money, which represents value but has no intrinsic worth. Examples of each type are provided.
Cryptocurrency
This presentation introduces cryptocurrency. It provides definitions of cryptocurrency as a digital currency used as a medium of exchange through cryptography. It discusses the purpose of cryptocurrency and characteristics like algorithms, trading methods, market capitalization and daily trading volume. It also outlines how cryptocurrency works through mining, provides examples of top cryptocurrencies in 2018, and discusses benefits like ease of use but also disadvantages like volatility. Finally, it explains why Bangladesh Bank has banned cryptocurrency due to risks of anonymous online transactions violating financial acts.
Evolution of Money
I’m a young Pakistani Blogger, Academic Writer, Freelancer, Quaidian & MPhil Scholar, Quote Lover, Co-Founder at Essar Student Fund & Blueprism Academia, belonging from Mehdiabad, Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan.
I am an academic writer & freelancer! I can work on Research Paper, Thesis Writing, Academic Research, Research Project, Proposals, Assignments, Business Plans, and Case study research.
Expertise:
Management Sciences, Business Management, Marketing, HRM, Banking, Business Marketing, Corporate Finance, International Business Management
For Order Online:
Whatsapp: +923452502478
Portfolio Link: https://blueprismacademia.wordpress.com/
Email: arguni.hasnain@gmail.com
Follow Me:
Linkedin: arguni_hasnain
Instagram : arguni.hasnain
Facebook: arguni.hasnain
Functions Of Money
The document discusses different aspects of monetary systems including:
1) It defines money and lists its key properties and functions such as being a medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account.
2) It outlines different types of money including commodity money, convertible paper money, inconvertible paper money, bank deposits, and electronic money.
3) It explores the demand for money and identifies three motives for holding money: transactions demand, precautionary demand, and speculative demand. Interest rates are a major factor in determining the amount of money people hold.
More Related Content
What's hot
The history of money
The document traces the historical development of money from bartering of goods to modern currencies. It begins with bartering where goods were directly exchanged for other goods. Shells then emerged as the first medium of exchange. Later, coins made of metals like silver and imprinted with images became widely used as standardized money. Paper money was developed later, and most currency today is in the form of paper notes and coins, though future money may be digital. The key advantages of money over bartering are its portability, durability, divisibility and limited availability.
History of money
The document provides an overview of the history of coins and monetary systems, beginning with barter and gift exchange systems. It then discusses the development of the Roman coin system, including the introduction of minted bronze coins in the 3rd century BC and silver coins modeled after Greek coins around 300 BC. The document outlines the expansion of the Roman monetary system under Augustus to establish consistent gold, silver, and copper coin values. It also describes elements of Roman coins like legends, mint marks, and materials used before concluding with sections on numismatics and coin parts.
Evolution of money
I’m a young Pakistani Blogger, Academic Writer, Freelancer, Quaidian & MPhil Scholar, Quote Lover, Co-Founder at Essar Student Fund & Blueprism Academia, belonging from Mehdiabad, Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan.
I am an academic writer & freelancer! I can work on Research Paper, Thesis Writing, Academic Research, Research Project, Proposals, Assignments, Business Plans, and Case study research.
Expertise:
Management Sciences, Business Management, Marketing, HRM, Banking, Business Marketing, Corporate Finance, International Business Management
For Order Online:
Whatsapp: +923452502478
Portfolio Link: https://blueprismacademia.wordpress.com/
Email: arguni.hasnain@gmail.com
Follow Me:
Linkedin: arguni_hasnain
Instagram : arguni.hasnain
Facebook: arguni.hasnain
evolution of money
this presentation contains all about evolution of money or cbse book of economics chapter: evolution of money
Money
Money serves several essential economic functions according to the document. It acts as a medium of exchange, replacing bartering, allowing goods and services to be traded. Money also serves as a unit of account, allowing prices of goods and services to be denominated in a standard unit. Additionally, money acts as a store of value, allowing purchasing power to be saved and transferred over time. The document discusses different definitions and classifications of money, including definitions based on what constitutes money, whether it is currency in circulation or includes other assets, and classifications based on the nature and legality of various forms of money.
The History of Money
Bartering was the original form of exchange before money was developed. Livestock, shells, and beads were some of the early forms of commodity money. Money needs to serve as a medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account. King Croesus created the first coins of gold and silver in 561 BC. Paper currency was first issued in China in 806 AD but led to inflation. Various commodities served as forms of money throughout history. Goldsmith notes marked the early use of banknotes in England in the 1600s. The US established its own currency systems after gaining independence.
Chapter no 1 Nature and functions of money
This document provides an overview of money and its functions. It defines money and outlines its main functions, which include being a medium of exchange, measure of value, store of wealth, and enabling future payments and economic activities. The document also discusses the evolution of money from commodity to metallic to paper to electronic forms. It lists the key qualities of good money, such as acceptability, transferability, stability, and divisibility. Finally, it describes the barriers of the barter system and highlights the important role money plays in daily life and the economy.
Money
Money can take many forms and serve several functions. It is generally accepted as a medium of exchange, measure of value, store of value, and standard for deferred payments. The money supply is determined by various factors including the central bank, commercial bank lending, and monetary aggregates like M0, M1, M2, and M3. The quantity theory of money posits a direct relationship between the money supply and price level in an economy.
Presentation on money and banking
This document outlines key concepts related to money, including its definition, evolution, functions, and motives for demand. It discusses how money evolved from bartering systems and commodity money to today's forms, serving important functions as a medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account. Money offers benefits like making transactions more efficient and allowing specialization. It also outlines the transaction, precautionary, and speculative motives for holding cash.
History of money used for talks at Bhaubali College of Engg., Shravanabealgola
A talk was presented about "History of Money" at Bahubali College of Engg., Shravanabelagola. The presentation is development of money and its politics.
What is Money ?
Money refers to anything that is generally accepted as payment. It functions as a medium of exchange, unit of account, and store of value. Money includes currency, deposits, and other liquid assets. The money supply has evolved from commodity money to various forms like paper currency, checks, and electronic payments. Measuring the money supply includes aggregates like M1, M2, and M3 that capture currencies and increasingly liquid assets.
Money and banking
This document defines money and discusses its functions and evolution. It notes that money acts as a medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account. Originally barter and commodities were used, but money developed to solve difficulties with barter. Coins and paper money later replaced commodities as money. Modern money includes coins, paper notes, and checkable deposits. Central banks control money supply and commercial banks create credit and accept deposits.
Evolution and Functions of Money
The document discusses the evolution of money from barter systems to modern digital currencies. It traces the development from commodity money used in early barter systems, to metallic coins, paper money, credit money issued by banks, electronic money used for digital payments, and most recently cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. Each new form of money emerged to address limitations of previous forms as economies became more complex with globalization and advances in technology. The functions of money are also outlined, including primary functions like serving as a medium of exchange and store of value, and secondary functions like enabling the transfer and standardization of value.
Bitcoin technology
Bitcoin is a decentralized digital currency introduced in 2009 that allows for peer-to-peer financial transactions without a central authority. It uses blockchain technology to record transactions through a public ledger maintained by a network of computers. New bitcoins are created through a process called mining where users offer their computing power to verify transactions. Bitcoins can be obtained by mining or in exchange for fiat money, products, or services. Users can send and receive bitcoins electronically through wallet software. The blockchain protects against fraud by requiring digital signatures to validate transactions and cryptographic hashes to prevent modification of ledger entries.
Characteristics of money
The document discusses the characteristics of money. It explains that early societies used bartering with goods like animals and food, but that carrying all these items was inconvenient. Money was then invented as it is durable, portable, divisible, uniform, available in limited supply, and universally accepted. The six key characteristics of money are described in detail. The document notes that the US Federal Reserve plays a role in determining how much money is in circulation.
Introduction To Cryptocurrency
A cryptocurrency (or crypto currency) is digital asset designed to work as a medium of exchange that uses strong cryptography to secure financial transactions, control the creation of additional units, and verify the transfer of assets.
Mankind’s relationship with money
Money, in itself, is nothing – it is a symbol. It can be a shell, a metal coin, or a piece of paper with a historic image on it. The value that people place on the symbol has nothing to do with the physical value of money.
Money derives its value by being a medium of exchange, a unit of measurement and a storehouse for wealth.
Cryptocurrency
This document provides an overview of cryptocurrency, including comparisons to conventional currency, existing and potential regulation, risks and failures in the cryptocurrency space, issues around consumer recourse, and open questions. It discusses key differences between cryptocurrency and fiat currency, differing regulatory approaches and classifications, risks like hacking and scams, challenges for consumer protections, and questions around how or if cryptocurrencies can and should be regulated.
[Lesson 8] Money and its functions
The document defines money and describes its key functions. Money serves as a medium of exchange, a measure of value, and a standard for deferred payment. It can also act as a store of value, though inflation can weaken this function. Money is further classified as commodity money, which derives value from the materials itself, and token money, which represents value but has no intrinsic worth. Examples of each type are provided.
Cryptocurrency
This presentation introduces cryptocurrency. It provides definitions of cryptocurrency as a digital currency used as a medium of exchange through cryptography. It discusses the purpose of cryptocurrency and characteristics like algorithms, trading methods, market capitalization and daily trading volume. It also outlines how cryptocurrency works through mining, provides examples of top cryptocurrencies in 2018, and discusses benefits like ease of use but also disadvantages like volatility. Finally, it explains why Bangladesh Bank has banned cryptocurrency due to risks of anonymous online transactions violating financial acts.
What's hot (20)
History of money used for talks at Bhaubali College of Engg., Shravanabealgola
History of money used for talks at Bhaubali College of Engg., Shravanabealgola
Viewers also liked
Evolution of Money
I’m a young Pakistani Blogger, Academic Writer, Freelancer, Quaidian & MPhil Scholar, Quote Lover, Co-Founder at Essar Student Fund & Blueprism Academia, belonging from Mehdiabad, Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan.
I am an academic writer & freelancer! I can work on Research Paper, Thesis Writing, Academic Research, Research Project, Proposals, Assignments, Business Plans, and Case study research.
Expertise:
Management Sciences, Business Management, Marketing, HRM, Banking, Business Marketing, Corporate Finance, International Business Management
For Order Online:
Whatsapp: +923452502478
Portfolio Link: https://blueprismacademia.wordpress.com/
Email: arguni.hasnain@gmail.com
Follow Me:
Linkedin: arguni_hasnain
Instagram : arguni.hasnain
Facebook: arguni.hasnain
Functions Of Money
The document discusses different aspects of monetary systems including:
1) It defines money and lists its key properties and functions such as being a medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account.
2) It outlines different types of money including commodity money, convertible paper money, inconvertible paper money, bank deposits, and electronic money.
3) It explores the demand for money and identifies three motives for holding money: transactions demand, precautionary demand, and speculative demand. Interest rates are a major factor in determining the amount of money people hold.
Evolution of Money and its implications
These slides explains what money is. Why money should not be saved in banks. Why banks are not evil, but we have given them too much money. Why paper gold will collapse. And Why US will get hyperinflation.
Money
The document discusses various definitions and concepts related to money:
1. It outlines traditional, Friedman's, and Gurley-Shaw definitions of money which increasingly broaden the scope of money to include near-money assets.
2. It describes the three main functions of money as a medium of exchange, unit of account, and store of value.
3. Theories of neutrality and non-neutrality of money are discussed in relation to prices, interest rates, and economic output in the short and long run.
4. Quantity theories of money like Fisher's equation and the Cambridge cash balance approach link the money supply to the price level and value of money through demand for real cash balances
Money
Money can take various forms and serves several functions including as a medium of exchange, measure of value, and store of value. The money supply is categorized into different levels including M1 (currency and demand deposits), M2 (near money), and M3 (broad money). Money demand is influenced by transaction, precautionary, and speculative motives. The quantity theory of money posits that changes in the money supply will impact the price level in an economy. Banks play an important role in the financial system, with central banks responsible for currency issuance and monetary stability and commercial banks accepting deposits and providing loans.
Purchase Commodities
www.CandleStickForums.com
Purchase Commodities
Traders will often purchase commodities because of the potential for wide commodity price variation. Especially in agricultural commodities, prices can fluctuate fifty percent or more in a year. Producers and processors of commodities will often engage in hedging commodities in order to guarantee a stable price structure for their business operations. The hedging by producers and processors of commodities provides a base market in which the trader can profit in commodities trading. In order to purchase commodities, traders will post a margin. Margin requirements to purchase commodities include the maintenance margin which is what the trader must maintain in his account in order to trade. A performance bond margin is monies deposited by both buyer and sells of commodity futures contracts to guarantee performance of the contract. This is essentially a security deposit. To purchase commodities the trader will want to track return on investment. Return on margin is typically used as a measure of success for those who purchase commodities. This is the gain or loss in trading compared to money invested. It should be noted that this is not return on money per commodity purchased or sold but return on the amount of money dedicated to the margin account in order to purchase commodity futures and sell commodity futures. To learn to effectively trade commodities a good place to start is Commodity and Futures Training.
Because of the potential for rapid changes in commodity futures price there is the potential for substantial commodity futures profits. When a trader decides to purchase commodities he or she will decide on the commodity and the delivery date. Commodity delivery dates can be next month, next year, or several years hence depending upon the commodity traded. However, the trader need not hold the commodity contract for its duration. He or she can make the opposite trade to exit the contract. That is the trader can sell the same commodity with the same delivery date. If market fundamentals change or technical factors lead to a substantial market change the trader can exit the trade with a profit long before the contract expires. Traders will follow both fundamental and technical analysis in order to profitably anticipate commodity price movement. The use of Candlestick analysis can help the trader see potentially profitable market patterns and market trends allowing them to purchase commodities and sell commodities in a timely and profitable fashion.
Evolution and function of money
I’m a young Pakistani Blogger, Academic Writer, Freelancer, Quaidian & MPhil Scholar, Quote Lover, Co-Founder at Essar Student Fund & Blueprism Academia, belonging from Mehdiabad, Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan.
I am an academic writer & freelancer! I can work on Research Paper, Thesis Writing, Academic Research, Research Project, Proposals, Assignments, Business Plans, and Case study research.
Expertise:
Management Sciences, Business Management, Marketing, HRM, Banking, Business Marketing, Corporate Finance, International Business Management
For Order Online:
Whatsapp: +923452502478
Portfolio Link: https://blueprismacademia.wordpress.com/
Email: arguni.hasnain@gmail.com
Follow Me:
Linkedin: arguni_hasnain
Instagram : arguni.hasnain
Facebook: arguni.hasnain
Evolution of philippine money
This document provides a history of money in the Philippines from pre-Hispanic times to modern day. It describes the evolution from barter systems to early gold and bead currencies. Spanish colonization introduced Mexican pesos and coins minted in Manila. The American period established the peso tied to the US dollar. The Japanese occupation saw war notes. Independence brought new designs celebrating Filipino culture and landmarks.
Concept of money
Our monetary system developed to meet the changing needs of the economy. Money serves as a medium of exchange, unit of account, and store of value. The history of money in the Philippines includes various forms used before coins such as piloncitos and barter rings. Under Spanish rule, different coin types were introduced including cobs, dollars, and copper coins. Paper money was first issued in 1852 and the Manila Mint produced coins until the Commonwealth period. The Central Bank of the Philippines was established in 1949 and has since issued various series of banknotes and coins.
A brief history of currency
Bartering was one of the earliest forms of currency, where goods and services were directly exchanged between individuals. Cowrie shells then became prevalent as currency in China around 1200 BC. Around 1000 BC, the Chinese began manufacturing metal currency out of copper and bronze, which evolved into coins. The Greeks, Macedonians and Persians then refined coin making, using precious metals like silver, which became the standard around 500 BC. Paper currency was first developed in China in 118 BC using leather and then paper, but its overuse led to devaluation. Modern concepts of currency continue to change with the rise of electronic payments.
Cryptocurrencies - A Serious Introduction
A high level overview of the world of Cryptocurrencies, liberally illustrated with Doge memes.
This was a lightning talk (5-7 minutes), so it scratches the surface, hopefully enough to get you interested in the world of cryptocoins.
It begins with the basic definitions, the reasons to use and accept cryptocurrency, the main currencies (Bitcoin, Litecoin, Dogecoin), the many altcoins and their distinguishing factors, and finally introduces you to cryptocoin mining (producing your own coins using your computer).
Uses and Characteristics of Money
Money serves three main purposes: as a medium of exchange to facilitate trade beyond bartering, as a unit of account to compare the values of different goods and services, and as a store of value to maintain purchasing power over time. To be considered money, an item must have six key characteristics - it must be durable, portable, divisible, uniform, have a limited supply, and be widely acceptable for transactions.
Public fiscal adm pwrpt
Fiscal administration involves the management of financial resources including revenue generation, fund availability, and ensuring funds are spent wisely, lawfully, and efficiently. It is an important administrative responsibility. The key Philippine government agencies involved in fiscal functions are Congress, the Department of Finance, Department of Budget and Management, and Commission on Audit. The budget process involves preparation, authorization, implementation, and accountability stages at both the national and local levels.
Understanding Cryptocurrency
Cryptocurrency or virtual currency is the new in thing. This is my attempt at understanding where these currencies are.
Viewers also liked (14)
Similar to Evolution of money by Anand Shirur
MONEY -- 1.pdf
The document discusses the evolution of money from early commodity forms like animal skins to modern electronic money. It outlines 5 stages: 1) Commodity money using goods for barter had problems with storage, durability, transport, and divisibility. 2) Metallic coins solved some issues but introduced problems with weighing value. 3) Paper money originated as goldsmith receipts and evolved into various forms issued by governments and banks. 4) Credit money includes instruments like checks and drafts offered by banks. 5) Electronic money refers to digital exchanges using computer networks and stored value systems. Each new form aimed to overcome limitations of prior systems.
PowerPoint: My Money and Its Development
Money refers to assets that function as a medium of exchange, unit of account, and store of value, while currency is a physical form of money like coins and banknotes used in a particular country. Early civilizations used barter systems and commodity money like gold coins, but these had problems leading to the development of fiat currency not backed by commodities. Modern forms of money include paper currency, credit money in accounts, and digital currencies as society has moved to more abstract representations of value over physical commodities.
Fiat money vs. gold money and social acceptability
The document provides an overview of fiat money and gold money, comparing and contrasting the two types. It begins with an introduction stating the purpose is to compare fiat and gold money on economic and social bases. It then discusses the definition of money, the emergence of different forms of money throughout history including commodity money backed by intrinsic value like gold as well as fiat money which derives its value by government decree instead of commodity backing. The document also examines the functions of money and development of monetary systems over time, focusing on gold-backed currency, the gold standard, and the emergence of fiat currency not backed by gold reserves.
unit 1 money.pptx
Money has evolved over time from a barter system to increasingly abstract forms. Early currencies included commodities like grains, metals, and animals before standardized coins were developed in China and Lydia. Paper money and checks later emerged, allowing transactions to occur without physical exchange. Today, digital forms of money including credit, debit, and digital currencies perform the core functions of serving as a medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account. Banks have facilitated transactions through checks, credit, and more recently plastic forms of money like credit cards since the development of formal banking institutions in ancient Rome.
The concept of money - My Money Week Presentation
A presentation on the concept and history of money delivered for the students in the International School of Cluj, as a part of the activities in My Money Week event. Burcash was the main partner in personal finance education.
Monetary Economics 1 (1).pptx
Monetary means relating to money, especially the total amount of money in a country. [business] Some countries tighten monetary policy to avoid inflation. Synonyms: financial, money, economic, capital More Synonyms of monetary.
MONEY, CREDIT, AND BANKING - CHAPTER 2.pdf
This presentation on the Concept of Money is for lecture purposes. Credits to its rightful author of Money, Credit, and Banking.
SATYAM SINGH PARIHAR - MONEY.pdf
This document discusses money and its supply in India. It defines money and traces its origins from bartering to coins to paper money. It describes the evolution of money through different historical stages and lists the current forms of money as fiat/fiduciary money and full-bodied/credit money. The document also discusses the measures used to determine money supply in India, including M1, M2 and M3, and defines demand deposits. It identifies the central bank (RBI), commercial banks, and the government as the main suppliers of money in India.
Unit 4 project
Money originated around 100,000 years ago when items were used for trading. The Lydians were the first to use actual coin money made of silver and gold. After World War II, most governments backed their currencies with the US dollar, establishing fiat currencies not directly backed by gold. Money facilitates the exchange of goods and services instead of direct bartering. The US Mint uses a six-step process to produce coins, starting with cutting coin blanks from metal sheets and ending with counting and bagging the finished coins.
Unit 4 project
Money originated around 100,000 years ago when items were used for barter and trade. The Lydians were the first to coin money using silver and gold to represent wealth. After World War II, most governments tied their currencies to the US dollar, establishing fiat monetary systems based on government backing rather than gold. Money facilitates the exchange of goods and services instead of bartering. The US Mint uses a six-step process to produce coins, starting with cutting coin blanks from metal sheets and ending with counting and bagging the finished coins.
Money and banking
This document discusses the evolution of money through six stages: 1) Barter, where goods and services were directly exchanged; 2) Commodity money, where goods like livestock were used as a medium of exchange; 3) Metallic money, using coins made of precious metals; 4) Paper money, with the introduction of paper receipts and banknotes; 5) Credit money, using demand deposits and checking accounts; and 6) Electronic money, with the rise of electronic transactions between accounts. It traces how money evolved from direct exchange to increasingly abstract forms in response to the changing needs of growing economies over human history.
finance management
The document provides an overview of the international monetary system, including key historical systems like the gold standard and Bretton Woods system, as well as the current floating exchange rate regime. It describes the evolution from commodity money to representative money backed by gold or silver to modern fiat currencies. The gold standard fixed currency values to gold, while Bretton Woods pegged most currencies to the US dollar, which was convertible to gold. The system broke down in the 1970s and was replaced by floating exchange rates determined by supply and demand.
Money.docx
Money has evolved over time from bartering of goods, to commodity money, metallic coins, paper money, checks/debit cards, and now largely plastic/digital currency. It began as a way to overcome the inefficiencies of bartering by using commonly accepted goods as currency. Metals like gold and silver were then used to create durable and divisible coins. As trade grew, paper money and checks emerged to allow easier carrying of funds. Today, digital payment methods via credit/debit cards and apps predominate as plastic and digital currencies are portable, durable and support fast global transactions. Money serves key economic functions as a medium of exchange, unit of account, store of value, and standard for deferred payments.
Money.docx
Money has evolved over time from commodity money, to metallic money, to paper money, credit money, and now plastic money. Commodity money like shells and salt were used initially but had problems like being perishable and indivisible. Metallic coins solved some of these issues but were heavy. Paper money emerged as a lighter alternative that was also portable. Credit money in the form of checks and debit transfers further improved portability. Today, plastic credit and debit cards allow for digital money transfers, providing modern convenience. Money serves important economic functions as a medium of exchange, unit of account, store of value, and standard for deferred payments. It plays a key role in facilitating trade and economic development.
Money & Banking_1.pptx
This document provides an overview of money and banking topics. It discusses the background and main areas studied in financial systems and how they affect the economy. These include money and banking, financial markets and institutions, monetary economics, and financial instruments. It then defines money in descriptive, legal, and general acceptability terms. It outlines the stages of development of money from barter systems to commodity money, metallic coins, paper currency, credit/bank money, and electronic money. Finally, it discusses the functions of money as a medium of exchange, measure of value, standard for deferred payments, store of value, source of government receipts, and unit of account. It also lists qualities of a good money material as being generally acceptable, stable
MBF 833 MONEY AND BANKING.pdf
UNIT 4 MEANING AND EVOLUTION OF BANKING
CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Objectives
3.0 Main Content
3.1 Meaning of a Bank, Banking and Banker
3.2 Evolution of Banking
4.0 Conclusion
5.0 Summary
6.0 Tutor-Marked Assignment
7.0 References/Further Readings
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Various attempts have been made to define the term bank or banker.
In this unit, we shall define the term bank or banker. We shall also trace
the origin of banking.
2.0 OBJECTIVES
At the end of the unit, you should be able to:
• Explain the meaning of a Bank, Banking or Banker
• Trace the evolution of Banking in Nigeria.
3.0 MAIN CONTENT
3.1 Meaning of Bank
As a result of different kinds of banks in existence nowadays, it would
be difficult, or at least cumbersome, to formulate a definition of banking
which connotes the diverse activities of all kinds of banks. We shall
therefore consider the definition under three view points:
a) Definitions of bank or banker by Text-Book Writers
b) Definitions of bank or banker by Status
c) Definitions of bank or banker as expressed by the Courts
a) Definitions of bank or banker by Text-Book Writers: A bank
has been defined by Dr. Hart as " a person or company carrying
on the business of receiving moneys, and collecting drafts, for
customers subject to the obligation of honouring cheques drawn
upon them from time to time by the customers Lo the extent of the
amounts available on the current accounts".
MBF833 MONEY AND
BANKING
In his 8th edition, published in 1972 Paget defined "a bank or
banker as a corporation or person (or group of persons)
who accept moneys on current accounts, pay cheques drawn upon
such account on demand and collect cheques for customers, that
if such minimum services are afforded to al and sundry without
restriction of any kind, the business is a banking business,
whether or not other business is undertaken at the same time; that
providing the banking business as so understood is not a mere for
other business, the person or corporation is a banker or bank for
the purposes of statutes relating to banking, other than those
where the sole criterion is the satisfaction of some government
department".
Chamber's Twentieth Century Dictionary defines a bank as an
"institution for the keeping, lending and exchanging, etc of
money. Economists have also defined a bank highlighting
its various functions. According to Crowther, "The banker's business
is to take the debts of other people to offer his own in exchange,
and thereby create money." A similar definition has been given
by Kent who defines a bank as "an organisation whose principal
operations are concerned with the accumulation of the
temporarily idle money of the general public for the purpose of
advan
mbf-topic3-evolutionofmoney-150414130904-conversion-gate01.pptx
The document discusses the evolution of money from early commodity forms like animal skins and grains to modern electronic money. It traces the development from commodity money, to metallic coins, paper money issued by banks and governments, credit instruments like checks, and finally digital forms of money exchanged electronically. The key stages of evolution helped address issues like storage, durability, transportability and divisibility that arose with earlier commodity-based systems and barter. Modern money encompasses physical currencies as well as digital and electronic payment methods.
Understanding bitcoin
This is a talk I give at New York Culture Salon(纽约文化沙龙) , I introduce Bitcoin to Chinese Community in New York.
In this talk, we will talk about the origin of money, how our current financial system create money, how the Bitcoin protocol works, and what value it can bring us. We are also going to discuss stories behind the creator of Bitcoin Satoshi Nakamoto, and how investors, financial experts and mass media view Bitcoin.
Money banking assignment
The document discusses the origins and evolution of money. It begins by explaining that money is a human invention that represents the value of goods and services, and requires social acceptance. Throughout history, various commodities have served as money, including livestock, grains, shells, metals, and paper. The document then outlines the development of commodity money, representative money like receipts, paper currency, and finally fiat currency not backed by commodities. It also discusses non-monetary exchange through barter and gift economies, and criticisms of theories about the origins of money replacing barter.
Money concept and its functions
This document defines money and discusses its origins and functions. It begins by defining money according to economists as anything that serves as a medium of exchange, unit of account, and store of value. Money originated as commodity money, then metallic money like gold and silver coins, followed by paper currency and checks as credit/bank money, and now electronic banking. The primary functions of money are as a medium of exchange, unit of account, standard for deferred payments, and store of value. It also has secondary functions like aiding specialization and trade and being used for loans, and contingent functions related to incomes, credit systems, and liquidity. The document outlines the evolution and roles of money.
Similar to Evolution of money by Anand Shirur (20)
Fiat money vs. gold money and social acceptability
Fiat money vs. gold money and social acceptability
mbf-topic3-evolutionofmoney-150414130904-conversion-gate01.pptx
mbf-topic3-evolutionofmoney-150414130904-conversion-gate01.pptx
Recently uploaded
Recruiting in the Digital Age: A Social Media Masterclass
In this masterclass, presented at the Global HR Summit on 5th June 2024, Luan Wise explored the essential features of social media platforms that support talent acquisition, including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok.
Best Forex Brokers Comparison in INDIA 2024
Navigating the world of forex trading can be challenging, especially for beginners. To help you make an informed decision, we have comprehensively compared the best forex brokers in India for 2024. This article, reviewed by Top Forex Brokers Review, will cover featured award winners, the best forex brokers, featured offers, the best copy trading platforms, the best forex brokers for beginners, the best MetaTrader brokers, and recently updated reviews. We will focus on FP Markets, Black Bull, EightCap, IC Markets, and Octa.
Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Kalyan Chart Indian Matka Kalyan panel Chart
Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Kalyan Chart Indian Matka Kalyan panel Chart➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
SATTA MATKA SATTA FAST RESULT KALYAN TOP MATKA RESULT KALYAN SATTA MATKA FAST RESULT MILAN RATAN RAJDHANI MAIN BAZAR MATKA FAST TIPS RESULT MATKA CHART JODI CHART PANEL CHART FREE FIX GAME SATTAMATKA ! MATKA MOBI SATTA 143 spboss.in TOP NO1 RESULT FULL RATE MATKA ONLINE GAME PLAY BY APP SPBOSSOrganizational Change Leadership Agile Tour Geneve 2024
Organizational Change Leadership at Agile Tour Geneve 2024
Evgen Osmak: Methods of key project parameters estimation: from the shaman-in...
Evgen Osmak: Methods of key project parameters estimation: from the shaman-inspired to the data-driven praxis (UA)
Kyiv PMDay 2024 Summer
Website – www.pmday.org
Youtube – https://www.youtube.com/startuplviv
FB – https://www.facebook.com/pmdayconference
2024-6-01-IMPACTSilver-Corp-Presentation.pdf
IMPACT Silver is a pure silver zinc producer with over $260 million in revenue since 2008 and a large 100% owned 210km Mexico land package - 2024 catalysts includes new 14% grade zinc Plomosas mine and 20,000m of fully funded exploration drilling.
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024
This session provided an update as to the latest valuation data in the UK and then delved into a discussion on the upcoming election and the impacts on valuation. We finished, as always with a Q&A
Call 8867766396 Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta batta Matka 420 Satta...
CALL 8867766396 SATTA MATKA | DPBOSS | KALYAN MAIN BAZAR | FAST MATKA | DPBOSS GUESSING | TARA MATKA | KALYAN CHART | MATKA BOSS
Anny Serafina Love - Letter of Recommendation by Kellen Harkins, MS.
This letter, written by Kellen Harkins, Course Director at Full Sail University, commends Anny Love's exemplary performance in the Video Sharing Platforms class. It highlights her dedication, willingness to challenge herself, and exceptional skills in production, editing, and marketing across various video platforms like YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram.
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...
Dive into the steadfast world of the Taurus Zodiac Sign. Discover the grounded, stable, and logical nature of Taurus individuals, and explore their key personality traits, important dates, and horoscope insights. Learn how the determination and patience of the Taurus sign make them the rock-steady achievers and anchors of the zodiac.
Exploring Patterns of Connection with Social Dreaming
Exploring Patterns of Connection -Introduction to Social Dreaming
#Systems Psychodynamics
#Innovation
#Creativity
#Consultancy
#Coaching
In the Adani-Hindenburg case, what is SEBI investigating.pptx
Adani SEBI investigation revealed that the latter had sought information from five foreign jurisdictions concerning the holdings of the firm’s foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) in relation to the alleged violations of the MPS Regulations. Nevertheless, the economic interest of the twelve FPIs based in tax haven jurisdictions still needs to be determined. The Adani Group firms classed these FPIs as public shareholders. According to Hindenburg, FPIs were used to get around regulatory standards.
Authentically Social by Corey Perlman - EO Puerto Rico
Authentically Social by Corey Perlman - EO Puerto RicoCorey Perlman, Social Media Speaker and Consultant
Social media for business Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Satta Matka
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Satta Matka➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka Indian satta Matka Dpboss Matka Kalyan Chart Matka Boss otg matka Guessing Satta ModelingMarketingStrategiesMKS.CollumbiaUniversitypdf
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
Part 2 Deep Dive: Navigating the 2024 Slowdown
Introduction
The global retail industry has weathered numerous storms, with the financial crisis of 2008 serving as a poignant reminder of the sector's resilience and adaptability. However, as we navigate the complex landscape of 2024, retailers face a unique set of challenges that demand innovative strategies and a fundamental shift in mindset. This white paper contrasts the impact of the 2008 recession on the retail sector with the current headwinds retailers are grappling with, while offering a comprehensive roadmap for success in this new paradigm.
Recently uploaded (20)
The Influence of Marketing Strategy and Market Competition on Business Perfor...
The Influence of Marketing Strategy and Market Competition on Business Perfor...
Recruiting in the Digital Age: A Social Media Masterclass
Recruiting in the Digital Age: A Social Media Masterclass
Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Kalyan Chart Indian Matka Kalyan panel Chart
Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Kalyan Chart Indian Matka Kalyan panel Chart
Organizational Change Leadership Agile Tour Geneve 2024
Organizational Change Leadership Agile Tour Geneve 2024
Evgen Osmak: Methods of key project parameters estimation: from the shaman-in...
Evgen Osmak: Methods of key project parameters estimation: from the shaman-in...
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Call 8867766396 Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta batta Matka 420 Satta...
Call 8867766396 Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta batta Matka 420 Satta...
Anny Serafina Love - Letter of Recommendation by Kellen Harkins, MS.
Anny Serafina Love - Letter of Recommendation by Kellen Harkins, MS.
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...
Exploring Patterns of Connection with Social Dreaming
Exploring Patterns of Connection with Social Dreaming
In the Adani-Hindenburg case, what is SEBI investigating.pptx
In the Adani-Hindenburg case, what is SEBI investigating.pptx
Authentically Social by Corey Perlman - EO Puerto Rico
Authentically Social by Corey Perlman - EO Puerto Rico
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Satta Matka
Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matta Matka Kalyan Chart Satta Matka
ModelingMarketingStrategiesMKS.CollumbiaUniversitypdf
ModelingMarketingStrategiesMKS.CollumbiaUniversitypdf
Evolution of money by Anand Shirur
- 1. The Evolution of Money By Anand Shirur
- 2. Agenda What does money signify ? The ladder of economic civilization The first evolutionary step The second evolutionary step Gold Standard & Brettons Woods The third evolutionary step The fourth evolutionary step 2
- 3. What does Money Signify Medium for exchange of Value Count of „your‟ value addition to society Success & Self Esteem It's the center around which world revolves “ Its all about money, honey”........
- 4. Why was Money Invented ? Specialization of Labour made economic exchange a fundamental necessity When the division of labor has been once thoroughly established, it is but a very small part of a man’s wants which the produce of his own labor can supply.. – Adam Smith, Wealth Of Nations
- 5. The Ladder of Economic Civilization Stages in development of money Barter trade Commodity money Standardized Coinage Representative Money Fiat Money Credit Money Electronic Money
- 6. Step 1 – Barter Trade Most primitive form of reciprocal exchange Barter involves only two people; each has something the other wants “Hungry weaver is searching for a naked farmer” Limitations Coincidence of wants Perishability Inefficient
- 7. The First Evolutionary Step Commodity Money Valued Commodity as means of exchange Early examples – Shells, Food Grains, Cow etc Evolved into Metallic Money – Durable, Fungible and Portable
- 8. The First Evolutionary Step Standard Coinage Egypt used gold bars in 400 BC Discovery of Touchstone – tool for assaying value of gold in an alloy Concept of Standard Coinage was introduced Govt. assertion that value of money lay in the emblem Debasement of Currency – coin as unit of value (not weight)
- 9. The Second Evolutionary Step Representative Money Token or certificate (made of paper), backed by an equivalent reserve Started with 'Warehouse Receipts' issued by „Girobanks‟ Receipts as medium of exchange Soon receipt issuance overshot actual reserves to accommodate loan demand Girobanks introduced std accounting methods & deposit accounts for depositors
- 10. The Second Evolutionary Step Fiat Money Money, not backed by reserves Derives stand-alone value by government decree Money is a 'Forced / Legal Tender'
- 11. Gold Standard – 1901 to 1932 Money system in which regions' common medium of exchange are paper notes freely convertible into pre-set fixed quantities of gold Gold standard was intended to force monetary prudence by respective govt. Abandoned due to high war expenses followed by deflation / depression
- 12. Brettons Wood – July 1944 Conference after 2nd World War to discuss financial architecture Resulted in Formation of IMF and IBRD (World Bank) Gold was replaced with Dollar as international reserve currency However dollar was pegged to gold at pre-fixed rate Currencies were made convertible
- 13. The Third Evolutionary Step Credit Money IOUs, Promissory Notes, Overdraft Exists in conjunction with other forms of monies Enabled 'Fractional Reserve Banking' – thereby increasing money supply When over-leveraged, has led to financial bankruptcies
- 14. The Fourth Evolutionary Step Electronic Money Internet fund transfers Mobile fund transfers
- 15. Thanks