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Similar to Evidence for evol. revised 2
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Evidence for evol. revised 2
- 1. KAHOOT! WARM-UP 1. On your phones, go to www.kahoot.it 2. Wait for me to show you the game pin 3. Enter an (appropriate) name or nickname
- 3. Recap main ideas of natural selection: 1. Evolution is change in species over time. 2. Overproduction of offspring leads to competition for resources. 3. Heritable variations exist within a population and can result in differential reproductive success. 4. Changes in the genetic composition of the population can eventually occur. Remember: Individuals do NOT evolve! Populations evolve.
- 4. 1. Direct Observations Insect populations become resistant to pesticides (DDT) Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (MRSA) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=znnp-Ivj2ek Peppered moth
- 6. 2. Fossil Record Fossils = remains or traces of organisms from past Found in sedimentary rock Layers Paleontology: study of fossils
- 7. Discuss: Why might a fossil record be helpful for scientists to look at when working on evolution?
- 8. Prokaryotes (oldest fossils) eukaryotes (fish – amphibians – reptiles – birds – mammals) Transitional forms = links to modern species
- 9. 3. Homology Homology: characteristics in related species can have underlying similarity even though their functions may differ
- 13. Molecular Homologies Compare DNA and amino acid sequences
- 16. Convergent Evolution Distantly related species can resemble one another Similar problem, similar solutions! Analogous structures: similar structures, function in similar environments Eg. Torpedo shape of shark, penguin, & dolphin
- 17. 4. Biogeography Biogeography = the geographic distribution of a species Species in nearby geographic areas resemble each other
- 22. The Most Astounding Fact https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9D05ej8u-gU
- 23. 1. Find a partner 2. Pick an environment from this list: Desert Arctic Ocean Temperate Deciduous Forest Rainforest Deep Sea/Ocean Floor Mountain Savannah Volcano Freshwater 2. On paper, design an organism that is best suited for the environment that you picked. MUST USE REALISTIC ADAPTATIONS. Ultimate Organism Design
- 24. Common Ancestor Design 1. Design an ancestor organism that your Ultimate Organism could have evolved from. 2. Assume that the environment was different during the time that the ancestor lived.
Editor's Notes
- Interactions between populations and their environment. Ones best suited to survive at first will be able to reproduce and pass down these successful traits to their offspring.
- Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane. Biomagnification. Insecticide, 79 million pounds sprayed in US in 1959 to kill off mosquitoes. Few of them had specific protein that helped them metabolize ddt/be resistant to the poison. These few survived to reproduce, passed on the trait of the protein. As more generations passed with only the survivors breeding, their resistance increased, and fewer succumbed to the toxins. Favoring moth that was best suited to environmental conditions. Lichen on trees, 1800s in England.
- Blackened by soot/ash from pollution.
- Ancient being study. Layer upon layer gets pressed down, not caused by intense heat like other types igneous and metamorphic. Why might a fossil record be helpful? Think about dinosaurs – figure out organisms that lived long ago that no longer exist &their structure
- Prok less complex, organisms move from simple complex forms. Transitional forms are the forms of an organism that existed between the ancestral form and the modern form, show the change as the organism moves from old to new.
- These all descended from one common ancestor, structures over time modified for their specific function. On the outside you probably wouldn’t know these organisms are related but
- Tailbone
- At one point during evolutionary history these structures had a function but over time no longer served that function. Appendix is an organ not known to have any function, can be removed without any harm to the human. Now known to store good bacteria. Appendicitis-appendix becomes inflamed and filled with pus. If an abdominal infection spreads to the organ this can happen.
- Smaller # = more similar to each other
- Branching mentioned earlier. Amnion-membrane covering embryo contains amniotic fluid
- organisms not closely related (not monophyletic), independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches. Divergent evol is homologous structures
- There 300 mya, started moving apart 175 mya
- Can weigh up to 417 kg or 919 lbs. different shell shapes to feed on higher or lower vegetation. Saddle back lift their heads high to win disputes over food.