- A study surveyed 68 organizations across 8 EU nations to analyze the impact of poor power quality on industry. - It estimated that poor power quality costs EU industry €150 billion annually due to issues like downtime, equipment damage, and raw material/sales losses. - The main sources of power quality issues were reported to be UPS systems, variable speed drives, processing equipment, electric motors, and electronic equipment. Common consequences included tripped relays/contactors and damaged motors/equipment.

1. Why EU industry annually loses €150bn Pan-European Power Quality Survey

5. Sources of power quality issues Capacitors Contacts and relays Electric motors Electronic equipment Lighting equipment Processing equipment UPS uninterruptible power supplies VSD and other static converters Welding and smelting equipment

6. Main sources of power quality issues UPS 29 UPS 24 VSD – static converters 29 Processing equipment 29 Electric motors 33 Electronic equipment 37 Lighting equipment 38 VSD – static converters 61 Electronic equipment 57 Electric motors 63 Services & Transport % responses Industry % responses

7. Main consequences experienced from power quality issues Circuit breakers Computers lock up Computers / other electronics damaged Data loss Electric shocks Lights flicker or dim Loss of synchronization of processing equipment Motors /other process equipment malfunction Motors /process equipment damaged Noise interference to telecom lines Relays /contactors nuisance tripping Transformers/ cables overheating

8. Main consequences experienced from power quality issues Relays & Contacts tripping 19 Motors / process equipment damaged 37 Transformers / cables overheating 33 Motors / other process equipment malfunction 51 Computers / other electronic equipment damaged 38 Data loss 51 Computers lock up 43 Computers / other electronic equipment malfunction 51 Lights flicker 43 Computers lock up 54 Data loss 48 Relays & Contacts tripping 54 Circuit breakers tripping 57 Loss of synchronisation 61 Services & Transport Group % re s ponses Industry Group % responses

14. Measuring Power Quality – how respondents measured

17. Power Quality Survey – data confidence “ Industry” R Sq Linear = 0.942 In both cases

18. Power Quality Survey – data confidence “ Services” R Sq Linear = 0.809

20. Power Quality costs EU-25 €150bn pa Labour losses WIP Process slow down Equipment damage Other costs Dips & SIs LIs Harmonics Surges & transients Flicker, unbalance & earthing

27. Why EU industry annually loses €150bn Pan-European Power Quality Survey http://www.leonardo-energy.org